Neotropical bellbird

Short description: Genus of birds

Neotropical bellbird

Bearded bellbird (Procnias averano)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Class:  | Aves
Order:  | Passeriformes
Family:  | Cotingidae
Genus:  | Procnias
Illiger, 1811
Type species
Ampelis variegata[1]

Gmelin, 1789

Species

* Procnias albus
* Procnias averano
* Procnias nudicollis
* Procnias tricarunculata

Neotropical bellbird (or simply bellbird) is the common name given to passerine birds of the genus Procnias, found in the Neotropics. They are members of the cotinga family. They are all restricted to tropical or subtropical humid forested regions, often in low mountains or foothills. As indicated by their common name, they all have extremely loud calls that are reminiscent of a metal bell being rung.

Three of the four species are restricted to South America, while the last, the three-wattled bellbird, is restricted to southern Central America.[2]

They are strongly sexually dimorphic. Males have an at least partially white plumage, and facial wattles or bare facial skin. Females lack the wattles/bare facial skin, and are overall olive with yellowish streaks below.[2]

## Contents

* 1 Taxonomy
* 2 Cultural impact
* 3 References
* 4 Further reading

## Taxonomy

The genus Procnias  was introduced in 1811 by the German zoologist Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger.[3] The name comes from Greek mythology, Procne was an Athenian princess who was metamorphosed into a swallow.[4] The type species was designated as the bearded bellbird by George Gray in 1840.[5][6]

The genus contains four species.[7]

Genus Procnias  – Illiger, 1811 – four species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

Three-wattled bellbird

| Procnias tricarunculatus
(Verreaux & Verreaux, 1853) | Costa Rica, to eastern Honduras, Nicaragua and western Panama
| Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  VU

White bellbird

| Procnias albus
(Hermann, 1783) | Guianas, Venezuela and Brazil (Pará)
| Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Bearded bellbird

| Procnias averano
(Hermann, 1783)

Two subspecies

* P. a. averano
* P. a. carnobarba

| Venezuela and adjacent parts of Colombia and Guyana, Trinidad & Tobago and northeastern Brazil
| Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Bare-throated bellbird

| Procnias nudicollis
(Vieillot, 1817) | Atlantic forest and adjacent moist areas
| Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  NT

## Cultural impact

In Brazil, the Neotropical bellbird is known as "araponga". After 1990, it became a slang for "spy" after the release of the Globo soap opera Araponga, as the character interpreted by Tarcísio Meira was codenamed after the bird.[8]

## References

1. ↑ "Cotingidae". The Trust for Avian Systematics. https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=105.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Snow, David W. (2004). "Family Cotingidae (Cotingas)". in del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Christie, D.A.. Handbook of the Birds of the World. 9: Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. pp. 32–108 [104–105]. ISBN 978-84-87334-69-6. https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0009unse/page/32/mode/1up.
3. ↑ Illiger, Johann Karl Wilhelm (1811) (in Latin). Prodromus systematis mammalium et avium. Berolini [Berlin]: Sumptibus C. Salfeld. p. 228. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29301198.
4. ↑ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 317. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4. https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n317/mode/1up.
5. ↑ Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 34. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13668928.
6. ↑ Traylor, Melvin A. Jr, ed (1979). Check-List of Birds of the World. 8. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 305. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14501082.
7. ↑ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds (July 2021). "Cotingas, manakins, tityras, becards". IOC World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/cotingas/.
8. ↑ "Araponga foi invenção de Dias Gomes" (in pt-BR). 26 September 1999. https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/brasil/fc2609199912.htm.

## Further reading

* Snow, D.W. (1982). The Cotingas: Bellbirds, Umbrella birds and their allies. British Museum Press. ISBN 0-19-858511-X

* v
* t
* e

Genera of passerines and their extinct allies

* Kingdom: Animalia
* Phylum: Chordata
* Class: Aves
* Clade: Psittacopasseres
* Order: Passeriformes

Passeriformes

| incertae sedis|

* †Corvitalusoides
* †Jamna
* †Winnicavis
* †Yunnanus

|

Acanthisitti|

| Acanthisittidae|

* Acanthisitta
* †Dendroscansor
* †Kuiornis
* †Pachyplichas
* †Traversia
* Xenicus

|

Eupasseres|

| Tyranni|

* †Crosnoornis
* †Wieslochia

Eurylaimides|

| Calyptomenidae|

* Calyptomena
* Smithornis

|

Eurylaimidae|

* Corydon
* Cymbirhynchus
* Eurylaimus
* Psarisomus
* Pseudocalyptomena
* Sarcophanops
* Serilophus

Philepittidae|

* Neodrepanis
* Philepitta

Pittidae|

* Erythropitta
* Hydrornis
* Pitta

Sapayoidae|

* Sapayoa

Tyrannides|

*     * See below ↓

Passeri|

*     * See below ↓

Tyrannides

| Conopophagidae|

* Cephalopterus
* Conopophaga
* Pittasoma

|

Cotingidae|

* Ampelioides
* Ampelion
* Carpodectes
* Carpornis
* Conioptilon
* Cotinga
* Doliornis
* Gymnoderus
* Haematoderus
* Lipaugus
* Querula
* Perissocephalus
* Phibalura
* Phoenicircus
* Phytotoma
* Pipreola
* Porphyrolaema
* Procnias
* Pyroderus
* Rupicola
* Snowornis
* Xipholena
* Zaratornis

Formicariidae|

* Chamaeza
* Formicarius

Furnariidae|

* Berlepschia
* †Pseudoseisuropsis

Sclerurinae|

* Geositta
* Sclerurus

Dendrocolaptinae|

| Dendrocolaptini|

* Campylorhamphus
* Dendrexetastes
* Dendrocolaptes
* Dendroplex
* Drymornis
* Drymotoxeres
* Glyphorynchus
* Hylexetastes
* Lepidocolaptes
* Nasica
* Xiphocolaptes
* Xiphorhynchus

|

Sittasomini|

* Certhiasomus
* Dendrocincla
* Deconychura
* Sittasomus

Furnariinae|

* Xenops

Pygarrhichini|

* Microxenops
* Ochetorhynchus
* Pygarrhichas

Furnariini|

* Cinclodes
* Furnarius
* Geocerthia
* Limnornis
* Lochmias
* Phleocryptes
* Premnornis
* Pseudocolaptes
* Tarphonomus
* Upucerthia

Philydorini|

* Anabacerthia
* Anabazenops
* Ancistrops
* Automolus
* Cichlocolaptes
* Clibanornis
* Dendroma
* Heliobletus
* Megaxenops
* Philydor
* Syndactyla
* Thripadectes

Synallaxini|

* Acrobatornis
* Anumbius
* Aphrastura
* Asthenes
* Certhiaxis
* Coryphistera
* Cranioleuca
* Hellmayrea
* Leptasthenura
* Limnoctites
* Margarornis
* Mazaria
* Metopothrix
* Phacellodomus
* Premnoplex
* Pseudasthenes
* Pseudoseisura
* Roraimia
* Schoeniophylax
* Siptornis
* Spartonoica
* Sylviorthorhynchus
* Synallaxis
* Thripophaga
* Xenerpestes

Grallariidae|

* Cryptopezus
* Grallaria
* Grallaricula
* Hylopezus
* Myrmothera

Melanopareiidae|

* Melanopareia

Pipridae|

* Ceratopipra
* Chiroxiphia
* Chloropipo
* Corapipo
* Cryptopipo
* Heterocercus
* Ilicura
* Lepidothrix
* Machaeropterus
* Manacus
* Masius
* Neopelma
* Pipra
* Pseudopipra
* Tyranneutes
* Xenopipo

Rhinocryptidae|

* Acropternis
* Eleoscytalopus
* Eugralla
* Liosceles
* Merulaxis
* Myornis
* Psilorhamphus
* Pteroptochos
* Rhinocrypta
* Scelorchilus
* Scytalopus
* Teledromas

Thamnophilidae|

| Euchrepomidinae|

* Euchrepomis

|

Myrmornithinae|

* Myrmornis
* Pygiptila
* Thamnistes

Thamnophilinae|

| Formicivorini|

* Formicivora
* Myrmochanes
* Myrmotherula
* Terenura

|

Microrhopiini|

* Ammonastes
* Aprositornis
* Clytoctantes
* Epinecrophylla
* Microrhopias
* Myrmophylax
* Myrmorchilus
* Neoctantes

Pithyini|

* Cercomacra
* Cercomacroides
* Drymophila
* Gymnopithys
* Hypocnemis
* Oneillornis
* Phaenostictus
* Phlegopsis
* Pithys
* Rhegmatorhina
* Sciaphylax
* Willisornis

Pyriglenini|

* Akletos
* Ampelornis
* Gymnocichla
* Hafferia
* Hylophylax
* Hypocnemoides
* Myrmeciza
* Myrmelastes
* Myrmoborus
* Myrmoderus
* Percnostola
* Poliocrania
* Pyriglena
* Rhopornis
* Sclateria
* Sipia

Thamnophilini|

* Batara
* Biatas
* Cymbilaimus
* Dichrozona
* Dysithamnus
* Frederickena
* Herpsilochmus
* Hypoedaleus
* Isleria
* Mackenziaena
* Megastictus
* Radinopsyche
* Rhopias
* Sakesphoroides
* Sakesphorus
* Taraba
* Thamnomanes
* Thamnophilus
* Xenornis

Tityridae|

* Iodopleura
* Laniisoma
* Laniocera
* Myiobius
* Onychorhynchus
* Oxyruncus
* Pachyramphus
* Schiffornis
* Terenotriccus
* Tityra
* Xenopsaris

Tyrannidae|

* Agriornis
* Alectrurus
* Anairetes
* Aphanotriccus
* Arundinicola
* Atalotriccus
* Attila
* Calyptura
* Camptostoma
* Capsiempis
* Casiornis
* Cnemarchus
* Cnemotriccus
* Cnipodectes
* Colonia
* Colorhamphus
* Conopias
* Contopus
* Corythopis
* Culicivora
* Elaenia
* Empidonax
* Empidonomus
* Euscarthmus
* Fluvicola
* Griseotyrannus
* Gubernetes
* Guyramemua
* Hemitriccus
* Heteroxolmis
* Hirundinea
* Hymenops
* Inezia
* Knipolegus
* Lathrotriccus
* Legatus
* Lessonia
* Leptopogon
* Lophotriccus
* Machetornis
* Mecocerculus
* Megarynchus
* Mionectes
* Mitrephanes
* Muscigralla
* Muscipipra
* Muscisaxicola
* Myiarchus
* Myiodynastes
* Myiopagis
* Myiophobus
* Myiornis
* Myiotheretes
* Myiotriccus
* Myiozetetes
* Nengetus
* Neopipo
* Neoxolmis
* Nephelomyias
* Nesotriccus
* Ochthoeca
* Ochthornis
* Oncostoma
* Ornithion
* Phelpsia
* Philohydor
* Phyllomyias
* Phylloscartes
* Piprites
* Pitangus
* Platyrinchus
* Poecilotriccus
* Pogonotriccus
* Polystictus
* Pseudelaenia
* Pseudocolopteryx
* Pseudotriccus
* Pyrocephalus
* Pyrope
* Pyrrhomyias
* Ramphotrigon
* Rhynchocyclus
* Rhytipterna
* Satrapa
* Sayornis
* Serpophaga
* Silvicultrix
* Sirystes
* Stigmatura
* Sublegatus
* Suiriri
* Syrtidicola
* Tachuris
* Taeniotriccus
* Todirostrum
* Tolmomyias
* Tumbezia
* Tyrannopsis
* Tyrannulus
* Tyrannus
* Uromyias
* Xenotriccus
* Xolmis
* Zimmerius

Passeri

†Resoviaornis

| Acanthizidae|

* Acanthiza
* Acanthornis
* Aethomyias
* Aphelocephala
* Calamanthus
* Gerygone
* Hylacola
* Neosericornis
* Oreoscopus
* Origma
* Pachycare
* Pycnoptilus
* Pyrrholaemus
* Sericornis
* Smicrornis

|

Atrichornithidae|

* Atrichornis

Callaeidae|

* Callaeas
* †Heteralocha
* Philesturnus

Climacteridae|

* Climacteris
* Cormobates

Cnemophilidae|

* Cnemophilus
* Loboparadisea

Dasyornithidae|

* Dasyornis

Maluridae|

| Amytornithinae|

* Amytornis

|

Malurinae|

| Malurini|

* Chenorhamphus
* Clytomyias
* Malurus
* Sipodotus

|

Stipiturini|

* Stipiturus

Melanocharitidae|

* Melanocharis
* Oedistoma
* Rhamphocharis
* Toxorhamphus

Meliphagidae|

* Acanthagenys
* Acanthorhynchus
* Anthochaera
* Anthornis
* Ashbyia
* Bolemoreus
* Caligavis
* Certhionyx
* Cissomela
* Conopophila
* Entomyzon
* Epthianura
* Foulehaio
* Gavicalis
* Gliciphila
* Glycichaera
* Glycifohia
* Grantiella
* Guadalcanaria
* Gymnomyza
* Lichenostomus
* Lichmera
* Macgregoria
* Manorina
* Meliarchus
* Melidectes
* Melilestes
* Melionyx
* Meliphacator
* Meliphaga
* Melipotes
* Melithreptus
* Melitograis
* Microptilotis
* Myza
* Myzomela
* Nesoptilotis
* Oreornis
* Plectorhyncha
* Philemon
* Phylidonyris
* Ptiloprora
* Ptilotula
* Prosthemadera
* Purnella
* Pycnopygius
* Ramsayornis
* Stomiopera
* Stresemannia
* Sugomel
* Territornis
* Timeliopsis
* Trichodere
* Vosea
* Xanthotis

Menuridae|

* Menura

Notiomystidae|

* Notiomystis

Orthonychidae|

* Orthonyx

†Palaeoscinidae|

* Palaeoscinis

Pardalotidae|

* Pardalotus

Pomatostomidae|

* Garritornis
* Pomatostomus

Ptilonorhynchidae|

* Ailuroedus
* Amblyornis
* Archboldia
* Chlamydera
* Prionodura
* Ptilonorhynchus
* Scenopoeetes
* †Sericuloides
* Sericulus

Corvides|

*     * See Corvides

Passerida|

*     * See Passerida

Wikidata ☰ Q1079212 entry

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