Sulfate minerals

The sulfate minerals are a class of minerals that include the sulfate ion (SO42−) within their structure. The sulfate minerals occur commonly in primary evaporite depositional environments, as gangue minerals in hydrothermal veins and as secondary minerals in the oxidizing zone of sulfide mineral deposits. The chromate and manganate minerals have a similar structure and are often included with the sulfates in mineral classification systems.[1]

Anhydrite crystal structure Barite with cerussite

Sulfate minerals include:

* Anhydrous sulfates
* Barite BaSO4
* Celestite SrSO4
* Anglesite PbSO4
* Anhydrite CaSO4
* Hanksite Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
* Hydroxide and hydrous sulfates
* Gypsum CaSO4·2H2O
* Chalcanthite CuSO4·5H2O
* Kieserite MgSO4·H2O
* Starkeyite MgSO4·4H2O
* Hexahydrite MgSO4·6H2O
* Epsomite MgSO4·7H2O
* Meridianiite MgSO4·11H2O
* Melanterite FeSO4·7H2O
* Antlerite Cu3SO4(OH)4
* Brochantite Cu4SO4(OH)6
* Alunite KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
* Jarosite KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6

## Contents

* 1 Nickel–Strunz classification -07- sulfates
* 1.1 Class: sulfates, selenates, tellurates
* 1.2 Class: chromates
* 1.3 Class: molybdates, wolframates and niobates
* 2 References

## Nickel–Strunz classification -07- sulfates

Hanksite, one of the rare minerals that is a sulfate and carbonate

IMA-CNMNC proposes a new hierarchical scheme (Mills et al., 2009). This list uses it to modify the Classification of Nickel–Strunz (mindat.org, 10 ed, pending publication).

* Abbreviations:
* "*" – discredited (IMA/CNMNC status).
* "?" – questionable/doubtful (IMA/CNMNC status).
* "REE" – Rare-earth element (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)
* "PGE" – Platinum-group element (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt)
* 03.C Aluminofluorides, 06 Borates, 08 Vanadates (04.H V[5,6] Vanadates), 09 Silicates:
* Neso: insular (from Greek νησος nēsos, island)
* Soro: grouping (from Greek σωροῦ sōros, heap, mound (especially of corn))
* Cyclo: ring
* Ino: chain (from Greek ις [genitive: ινος inos], fibre)
* Phyllo: sheet (from Greek φύλλον phyllon, leaf)
* Tekto: three-dimensional framework
* Nickel–Strunz code scheme: NN.XY.##x
* NN: Nickel–Strunz mineral class number
* X: Nickel–Strunz mineral division letter
* Y: Nickel–Strunz mineral family letter
* ##x: Nickel–Strunz mineral/group number, x add-on letter

### Class: sulfates, selenates, tellurates

* 07.A Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without Additional Anions, without H2O
* 07.AB With medium-sized cations: 05 Millosevichite, 05 Mikasaite; 10 Chalcocyanite, 10 Zincosite*
* 07.AC With medium-sized and large cations: IMA2008-029, 05 Vanthoffite; 10 Efremovite, 10 Manganolangbeinite, 10 Langbeinite; 15 Eldfellite, 15 Yavapaiite; 20 Godovikovite, 20 Sabieite; 25 Thenardite, 35 Aphthitalite
* 07.AD With only large cations: 05 Arcanite, 05 Mascagnite; 10 Mercallite, 15 Misenite, 20 Letovicite, 25 Glauberite, 30 Anhydrite; 35 Anglesite, 35 Barite, 35 Celestine, 35 Radiobarite*, 35 Olsacherite; 40 Kalistrontite, 40 Palmierite
* 07.B Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
* 07.BB With medium-sized cations: 05 Caminite, 10 Hauckite, 15 Antlerite, 20 Dolerophanite, 25 Brochantite, 30 Vergasovaite, 35 Klebelsbergite, 40 Schuetteite, 45 Paraotwayite, 50 Xocomecatlite, 55 Pauflerite
* 07.BC With medium-sized and large cations: 05 Dansite; 10 Alunite, 10 Ammonioalunite, 10 Ammoniojarosite, 10 Beaverite, 10 Argentojarosite, 10 Huangite, 10 Dorallcharite, 10 Jarosite, 10 Hydroniumjarosite, 10 Minamiite, 10 Natrojarosite, 10 Natroalunite, 10 Osarizawaite, 10 Plumbojarosite, 10 Walthierite, 10 Schlossmacherite; 15 Yeelimite; 20 Atlasovite, 20 Nabokoite; 25 Chlorothionite; 30 Fedotovite, 30 Euchlorine; 35 Kamchatkite, 40 Piypite; 45 Klyuchevskite-Duplicate, 45 Klyuchevskite, 45 Alumoklyuchevskite; 50 Caledonite, 55 Wherryite, 60 Mammothite; 65 Munakataite, 65 Schmiederite, 65 Linarite; 70 Chenite, 75 Krivovichevite
* 07.BD With only large cations: 05 Sulphohalite; 10 Galeite, 10 Schairerite; 15 Kogarkoite; 20 Cesanite, 20 Caracolite; 25 Burkeite, 30 Hanksite, 35 Cannonite, 40 Lanarkite, 45 Grandreefite, 50 Itoite, 55 Chiluite, 60 Hectorfloresite, 65 Pseudograndreefite, 70 Sundiusite
* 07.C Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
* 07.CB With only medium-sized cations: 05 Gunningite, 05 Dwornikite, 05 Kieserite, 05 Szomolnokite, 05 Szmikite, 05 Poitevinite, 05 Cobaltkieserite; 07 Sanderite, 10 Bonattite, 15 Boyleite, 15 Aplowite, 15 Ilesite, 15 Rozenite, 15 Starkeyite, 15 IMA2002-034; 20 Chalcanthite, 20 Jokokuite, 20 Pentahydrite, 20 Siderotil; 25 Bianchite, 25 Ferrohexahydrite, 25 Chvaleticeite, 25 Hexahydrite, 25 Moorhouseite, 25 Nickelhexahydrite; 30 Retgersite; 35 Bieberite, 35 Boothite, 35 Mallardite, 35 Melanterite, 35 Zincmelanterite, 35 Alpersite; 40 Epsomite, 40 Goslarite, 40 Morenosite; 45 Alunogen, 45 Meta-alunogen; 50 Coquimbite, 50 Paracoquimbite; 55 Rhomboclase, 60 Kornelite, 65 Quenstedtite, 70 Lausenite; 75 Lishizhenite, 75 Romerite; 80 Ransomite; 85 Bilinite, 85 Apjohnite, 85 Dietrichite, 85 Halotrichite, 85 Pickeringite, 85 Redingtonite, 85 Wupatkiite; 90 Meridianiite, 95 Caichengyunite
* 07.CC With medium-sized and large cations: 05 Krausite, 10 Tamarugite; 15 Mendozite, 15 Kalinite; 20 Lonecreekite, 20 Alum-(K), 20 Alum-(Na), 20 Lanmuchangite, 20 Tschermigite; 25 Pertlikite, 25 Monsmedite?, 25 Voltaite, 25 Zincovoltaite; 30 Krohnkite, 35 Ferrinatrite, 40 Goldichite, 45 Loweite; 50 Blodite, 50 Changoite, 50 Nickelblodite; 55 Mereiterite, 55 Leonite; 60 Boussingaultite, 60 Cyanochroite, 60 Mohrite, 60 Picromerite, 60 Nickelboussingaultite; 65 Polyhalite; 70 Leightonite, 75 Amarillite, 80 Konyaite, 85 Wattevilleite
* 07.CD With only large cations: 05 Matteuccite, 10 Mirabilite, 15 Lecontite, 20 Hydroglauberite, 25 Eugsterite, 30 Gorgeyite; 35 Koktaite, 35 Syngenite; 40 Gypsum, 45 Bassanite, 50 Zircosulfate, 55 Schieffelinite, 60 Montanite, 65 Omongwaite
* 07.D Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
* 07.DB With only medium-sized cations; insular octahedra and finite groups: 05 Svyazhinite, 05 Aubertite, 05 Magnesioaubertite; 10 Rostite, 10 Khademite; 15 Jurbanite; 20 Minasragrite, 20 Anorthominasragrite, 20 Orthominasragrite; 25 Bobjonesite; 30 Amarantite, 30 Hohmannite, 30 Metahohmannite; 35 Aluminocopiapite, 35 Copiapite, 35 Calciocopiapite, 35 Cuprocopiapite, 35 Ferricopiapite, 35 Magnesiocopiapite, 35 Zincocopiapite
* 07.DC With only medium-sized cations; chains of corner-sharing octahedra: 05 Aluminite, 05 Meta-aluminite; 10 Butlerite, 10 Parabutlerite; 15 Fibroferrite, 20 Xitieshanite; 25 Botryogen, 25 Zincobotryogen; 30 Chaidamuite, 30 Guildite
* 07.DD With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra: 05 Basaluminite?, 05 Felsobanyaite, 07.5 Kyrgyzstanite, 08.0 Zn-Schulenbergite; 10 Langite, 10 Posnjakite, 10 Wroewolfeite; 15 Spangolite, 20 Ktenasite, 25 Christelite; 30 Campigliaite, 30 Devilline, 30 Orthoserpierite, 30 Niedermayrite, 30 Serpierite; 35 Motukoreaite, 35 Mountkeithite, 35 Glaucocerinite, 35 Honessite, 35 Hydrowoodwardite, 35 Hydrohonessite, 35 Shigaite, 35 Natroglaucocerinite, 35 Wermlandite, 35 Nikischerite, 35 Zincaluminite, 35 Woodwardite, 35 Carrboydite, 35 Zincowoodwardite, 35 Zincowoodwardite-3R, 35 Zincowoodwardite-1T; 40 Lawsonbauerite, 40 Torreyite, 45 Mooreite, 50 Namuwite, 55 Bechererite, 60 Ramsbeckite, 65 Vonbezingite, 70 Redgillite; 75 Chalcoalumite, 75 Nickelalumite*; 80 Guarinoite, 80 Theresemagnanite, 80 Schulenbergite; 85 Montetrisaite
* 07.DE With only medium-sized cations; unclassified: 05 Mangazeite; 10 Carbonatecyanotrichite, 10 Cyanotrichite; 15 Schwertmannite, 20 Tlalocite, 25 Utahite, 35 Coquandite, 40 Osakaite, 45 Wilcoxite, 50 Stanleyite, 55 Mcalpineite, 60 Hydrobasaluminite, 65 Zaherite, 70 Lautenthalite, 75 Camérolaite, 80 Brumadoite
* 07.DF With large and medium-sized cations: 05 Uklonskovite, 10 Kainite, 15 Natrochalcite; 20 Metasideronatrite, 20 Sideronatrite; 25 Despujolsite, 25 Fleischerite, 25 Schaurteite, 25 Mallestigite; 30 Slavikite, 35 Metavoltine; 40 Lannonite, 40 Vlodavetsite; 45 Peretaite, 50 Gordaite, 55 Clairite, 60 Arzrunite, 65 Elyite, 70 Yecoraite, 75 Riomarinaite, 80 Dukeite, 85 Xocolatlite
* 07.DG With large and medium-sized cations; with NO3, CO3, B(OH)4, SiO4 or IO3: 05 Darapskite; 10 Clinoungemachite, 10 Ungemachite, 10 Humberstonite; 15 Bentorite, 15 Charlesite, 15 Ettringite, 15 Jouravskite, 15 Sturmanite, 15 Thaumasite, 15 Carraraite, 15 Buryatite; 20 Rapidcreekite, 25 Tatarskite, 30 Nakauriite, 35 Chessexite; 40 Carlosruizite, 40 Fuenzalidaite; 45 Chelyabinskite*
* 07.E Uranyl Sulfates
* 07.EA Without cations: 05 Uranopilite, 05 Metauranopilite, 10 Jachymovite
* 07.EB With medium-sized cations: 05 Johannite, 10 Deliensite
* 07.EC With medium-sized and large cations: 05 Cobaltzippeite, 05 Magnesiozippeite, 05 Nickelzippeite, 05 Natrozippeite, 05 Zinc-zippeite, 05 Zippeite; 10 Rabejacite, 15 Marecottite, 20 Pseudojohannite
* 07.J Thiosulfates
* 07.JA Thiosulfates with Pb: 05 Sidpietersite
* 07.X Unclassified Strunz Sulfates (Selenates, Tellurates)
* 07.XX Unknown: 00 Aiolosite, 00 Steverustite, 00 Grandviewite, 00 IMA2009-008, 00 Adranosite, 00 Blakeite

### Class: chromates

* 07.F Chromates
* 07.FA Without additional anions: 05 Tarapacaite, 10 Chromatite, 15 Hashemite, 20 Crocoite
* 07.FB With additional O, V, S, Cl: 05 Phoenicochroite, 10 Santanaite, 15 Wattersite, 20 Deanesmithite, 25 Edoylerite
* 07.FC With PO4, AsO4, SiO4: 05 Vauquelinite; 10 Fornacite, 10 Molybdofornacite; 15 Hemihedrite, 15 Iranite; 20 Embreyite, 20 Cassedanneite;
* 07.FD Dichromates: 05 Lopezite

### Class: molybdates, wolframates and niobates

* 07.G Molybdates, wolframates and niobates
* 07.GA Without additional anions or H2O: 05 Fergusonite-(Ce), 05 Fergusonite-(Nd)N, 05 Fergusonite-(Y), 05 Powellite, 05 Wulfenite, 05 Stolzite, 05 Scheelite; 10 Formanite-(Y), 10 Iwashiroite-(Y); 15 Paraniite-(Y)
* 07.GB With additional anions and/or H2O: 05 Lindgrenite, 10 Szenicsite, 15 Cuprotungstite, 20 Phyllotungstite, 25 Rankachite, 30 Ferrimolybdite, 35 Anthoinite, 35 Mpororoite, 40 Obradovicite-KCu, 45 Mendozavilite-NaFe, 45 Paramendozavilite, 50 Tancaite-(Ce)
* 07.H Uranium and uranyl molybdates and wolframates
* 07.HA With U4+: 05 Sedovite, 10 Cousinite, 15 Moluranite
* 07.HB With U6+: 15 Calcurmolite, 20 Tengchongite, 25 Uranotungstite

## References

1. ↑ Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius S. Hurlbut, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy, 20th ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp. 347–354 ISBN 0-471-80580-7.

* Stuart J. Mills; Frédéric Hatert; Ernest H. Nickel; Giovanni Ferraris (2009). "The standardisation of mineral group hierarchies: application to recent nomenclature proposals". Eur. J. Mineral. 21: 1073–1080. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1994. http://pubsites.uws.edu.au/ima-cnmnc/Mills et al 2009 Groups EJM October.pdf.
* "IMA-CNMNC List of Mineral Names". IMA-CNMNC. March 2009. http://pubsites.uws.edu.au/ima-cnmnc/IMA2009-01 UPDATE 160309.pdf.
* Ferraiolo, Jim. "Nickel–Strunz (Version 10) Classification System". webmineral.com. http://webmineral.com/strunz/strunz.php.

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white;">IMA–CNMNC / Nickel–Strunz IDs
Mineral categories (classes, subclasses, divisions)

"Special cases"
("native elements and organic minerals")|

* "Native elements" (IDs 1)
* Organic minerals (IDs 10)

"Sulfides and oxides"|

* Sulfides (IDs 2.A–F)
* Sulfosalts; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites (IDs 2.G)

* Sulfosalts; sulfarsenates, sulfantimonates (IDs 2.K)
* Other sulfosalts (IDs 2.H–J and 2.L–M)

* Oxides (IDs 4.A–E, e.g. pyrochlore supergroup and corundum group)

* Hydroxides (IDs 4.F–G)
* "Arsenites", "sulfites" and iodates (IDs 4.J–K)

* Tellurium oxysalts
* Vanadium oxides (IDs 4.H)

"Evaporites and similars"|

* Carbonates (IDs 5.A–E)
* Nitrates (IDs 5.N)
* Borates (IDs 6)
* Halides (IDs 3)

"Mineral structures with tetrahedral units"
(sulfate anion, phosphate anion,
silicon, etc.)|

* Monomeric minerals (similar to nesosilicates)

* Sulfates (IDs 7.A–E)
* Thiosulphates (IDs 7.J)

* Chromates (IDs 7.F)
* Molybdates, wolframates, niobates (IDs 7.G–H)

* Phosphates (IDs 8)
* Arsenates, vanadates (IDs 8)

* Monomeric, isolated silicates (IDs 9.A)
* Germanates (IDs 9.J)

* Silicate frameworks, tectosilicates

* Zeolite frameworks, zeolite family (IDs 9.G)

* Other zeolitic frameworks: nephelines (IDs 9.FA.05)
* Cancrinite-sodalite groups (IDs 9.FB.)

* Other tectosilicates (IDs 9.FA. and 9.FB.15, e.g. feldspars)

* Other silicate frameworks

* Cyclosilicates (IDs 9.C)
* Phyllosilicates (IDs 9.E, e.g. clays)
* Silica family (IDs 4.DA.)

* Inosilicates

* Single chain inosilicates (IDs 9.D, e.g. pyroxenes)

* Ribbon or multiple chain inosilicates (IDs 9.D, e.g. amphiboles)

* Other non monomeric minerals

* Unclassified silicates (IDs 9.H)

* Sorosilicates (IDs 9.B, e.g. epidote and seidozerite supergroups)

* Polymeric, isolated silicates (IDs 9.A, e.g. olivine and gadolinite supergroups)

* Other inorganic polymers (e.g. polyoxometalates; "polyphosphates", IDs 8.F)

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