LunIR

The LunIR CubeSat, which will characterize and collect lunar surface data.

Names| SkyFire
Mission type| Technology demonstrator, reconnaissance
Operator| Lockheed Martin Space
COSPAR ID| 2022-156K
SATCAT no.| 57686
Mission duration| 3 years, 2 months and 20 days (in progress)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft| CubeSat
Spacecraft type| 6U CubeSat
Bus| Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems
Manufacturer| Lockheed Martin Space
Launch mass| 14 kg (31 lb)
Dimensions| 10 cm × 20 cm × 30 cm
Start of mission
Launch date| 16 November 2022, 06:47:44 UTC[1]
Rocket| SLS Block 1
Launch site| KSC, LC-39B
Contractor| NASA
Flyby of Moon

NextSTEP program

LunIR (Lunar InfraRed Imaging, formerly known as SkyFire) is a nanosatellite spacecraft launched to the Moon collecting surface spectroscopy and thermography. It was launched as a secondary payload on the Artemis 1 mission on 16 November 2022.[1][2]

## Contents

* 1 Mission
* 2 Launch
* 3 Propulsion
* 4 See also
* 5 References

## Mission

LunIR is a technology demonstration mission funded by NASA that uses a low-cost 6U CubeSat spacecraft. LunIR will perform a lunar flyby, collecting spectroscopy and thermography for surface characterization, remote sensing, and site selection.[3] The spacecraft includes two deployable solar panels and will have a total mass of about 14 kg (31 lb).

LunIR was selected in April 2015 by NASA's NextSTEP program (Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships) and awarded a contract to Lockheed Martin Space worth US$1.4 million for further development.[4][5][6]

LunIR will communicate with Earth via ground stations operated by Kongsberg Satellite Services. LunIR will use 13-meter-diameter radio antennas located in Punta Arenas, Chile; Svalbard, Norway; and Troll station, Antarctica.[7][8]

## Launch

LunIR was launched as one of ten CubeSats as a secondary payload on the maiden flight of the Space Launch System, Artemis 1.[2]

## Propulsion

LunIR will demonstrate a low thrust electric propulsion technology called electrospray propulsion to lower the spacecraft's orbit for additional science and technology mission objectives.[9]

## See also

The 10 CubeSats flying in the Artemis 1 mission

* Near-Earth Asteroid Scout by NASA was a solar sail spacecraft that was planned to encounter a near-Earth asteroid (mission failure)
* BioSentinel is an astrobiology mission
* LunIR by Lockheed Martin Space
* Lunar IceCube, by the Morehead State University
* CubeSat for Solar Particles (CuSP)
* Lunar Polar Hydrogen Mapper (LunaH-Map), designed by the Arizona State University
* EQUULEUS, submitted by JAXA and the University of Tokyo
* OMOTENASHI, submitted by JAXA, was a lunar lander (mission failure)
* ArgoMoon, designed by Argotec and coordinated by Italian Space Agency (ASI)
* Team Miles, by Fluid and Reason LLC, Tampa, Florida

The three CubeSat missions removed from Artemis 1

* Lunar Flashlight will map exposed water ice on the Moon
* Cislunar Explorers, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
* Earth Escape Explorer (CU-E3), University of Colorado Boulder

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Roulette, Joey; Gorman, Steve (2022-11-16). "NASA's next-generation Artemis mission heads to moon on debut test flight" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/science/nasas-artemis-moon-rocket-begins-fueling-debut-launch-2022-11-15/.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Clark, Stephen (12 October 2021). "Adapter structure with 10 CubeSats installed on top of Artemis moon rocket". Spaceflight Now. https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/10/12/adapter-structure-with-10-cubesats-installed-on-top-of-artemis-moon-rocket/.
3. ↑ Williams, Greg; Crusan, Jason (April 2015). "Pioneering Space – Evolvable Mars Campaign". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/20150408-NAC-Crusan-EMC-v7a_TAGGED.pdf. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
4. ↑ Morring, Frank (24 April 2015). "Habitats Could Be NASA's Next Commercial Spacecraft Buy". Aviation Week. http://aviationweek.com/Habitats.
5. ↑ Clark, Stephen (8 April 2015). "NASA adding to list of CubeSats flying on first SLS mission". Spaceflight Now. http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/04/08/nasa-adding-to-list-of-cubesats-flying-on-first-sls-mission/.
6. ↑ Krebs, Gunter (18 May 2020). "LunIR (SkyFire)". Gunter's Space Page. http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/skyfire.htm.
7. ↑ "KSAT to support NASA LunIR mission" (in en-US). 2022-02-10. https://spacenews.com/ksat-lunir-ground-network/.
8. ↑ "KSAT to provide Ground Network support for the LunIR mission" (in en). https://www.ksat.no/news/news-archive/2022/provide-ground-network-support-for-the-lunir-mission/.
9. ↑ "Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships (NextSTEP) Projects". NASA. 5 May 2015. http://www.nasa.gov/feature/next-space-technologies-for-exploration-partnerships-nextstep-projects. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

* v
* t
* e

Spacecraft missions to the Moon

Exploration
programs|

* American
* Apollo
* Artemis
* Commercial Lunar Payload Services
* Lunar Orbiter
* Lunar Precursor
* Pioneer
* Ranger
* Surveyor
* Chinese (Chang'e)
* Indian (Chandrayaan)
* Japanese
* Russian
* Luna-Glob
* Soviet
* Crewed
* Luna
* Lunokhod
* Zond

Active
missions|

| Orbiters|

* ARTEMIS
* Chang'e 5-T1 (service module)
* Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
* Queqiao (relay satellite at L2)
* Chandrayaan-2

|

Landers|

* Chang'e 3
* Chang'e 4

Rovers|

* Yutu-2

Past
missions|

| Crewed landings|

* Apollo 11
* 12
* 14
* 15
* 16
* 17
* (List of Apollo astronauts)

|

Orbiters|

* Apollo 8
* 10
* Apollo Lunar Module
* Chang'e 1
* 2
* Chandrayaan-1
* Clementine
* Explorer 35
* 49
* GRAIL
* Hiten
* LADEE
* Longjiang-2
* Luna 10
* 11
* 12
* 14
* 19
* 22
* Lunar Orbiter 1
* 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* Lunar Prospector
* PFS-1
* PFS-2
* SMART-1
* SELENE (Kaguya, Okina, Ouna)

Impactors|

* LCROSS
* Luna 2
* Moon Impact Probe
* Ranger 4
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9

Landers|

* Apollo Lunar Module ×6
* Luna 9
* 13
* 16
* 17
* 20
* 21
* 23
* 24
* Surveyor 1
* 3
* 5
* 6
* 7

Rovers|

* Lunar Roving Vehicle
* Apollo 15
* 16
* 17
* Lunokhod 1
* 2
* Yutu

Sample return|

* Apollo 11
* 12
* 14
* 15
* 16
* 17
* Luna 16
* 20
* 24

Failed landings|

* Surveyor 2
* 4
* Luna 5
* 7
* 8
* 15
* 18
* Beresheet
* Vikram / Pragyan

Flybys|

* 4M
* Apollo 13
* AsiaSat-3 / HGS-1
* Chang'e 5-T1 / Xiaofei
* Geotail
* ICE
* Longjiang-1
* Luna 1
* 3
* 4
* 6
* Mariner 10
* Nozomi
* Pioneer 4
* Ranger 5
* STEREO
* TESS
* WMAP
* WIND
* Zond 3
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* PAS-22

Planned
missions|

| Artemis|

* Artemis 1 (2020)
* ArgoMoon
* BioSentinel
* Cislunar Explorers
* CU-E3
* CuSP
* EQUULEUS
* LunaH-Map
* Lunar Flashlight
* Lunar IceCube
* NEA Scout
* OMOTENASHI
* SkyFire
* Team Miles
* Artemis 2 (2022)
* Artemis 3 (2024)
* Artemis 4 (2025)
* Artemis 5 (2026)
* Artemis 6 (2027)
* Artemis 7 (2028)
* Artemis 8 (2028)

|

CLPS|

* CAPSTONE (December 2020)
* Nova-C (2021)
* Peregrine M1 (Jul 2021)
* VIPER (2022)

Luna-Glob|

* Luna 25 (2021)
* Luna 26 (2024)
* Luna 27 (2025)
* Luna 28 (2027)
* Luna 29 (2028)
* Luna 30 (2028)
* Luna 31 (2028)

CLEP|

* Chang'e 5 (mid-2020)
* Chang'e 6 (2023–2024)
* Chang'e 7 (2023)
* Chang'e 8 (2027)

Others|

* Moon Express Lunar Scout (Jul 2020)
* International Lunar Observatory
* MoonLIGHT
* ALINA (2021)
* CubeRover
* Uni
* Hakuto-R M1 (Oct 2021)
* MoonRanger (2022)
* SLIM (Jan 2022)
* KPLO (Jul 2022)
* DESTINY+ (2022)
* Hakuto-R M2 (Mar 2023)
* #dearMoon project (2023)

Proposed
missions|

| Robotic|

* Chandrayaan-3 (November 2020)
* Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (2024)
* Artemis-7
* Blue Moon
* BOLAS
* Garatéa-L
* ISOCHRON
* Lunar Pathfinder
* McCandless
* Moon Diver
* XL-1

|

Crewed|

* DSE-Alpha
* Lunar Gateway (Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander)
* Lunar Orbital Station

Cancelled /
concepts|

* Altair
* Baden-Württemberg 1
* European Lunar Explorer
* International Lunar Network
* LEO
* LK
* Lunar-A
* Lunar Lander
* Lunar Mission One
* Lunar Observer
* Lunokhod 3
* MoonLITE
* MoonRise
* Prospector
* Resource Prospector
* SELENE-2
* Ukrselena

See also|

* Colonization of the Moon
* Google Lunar X Prize
* List of lunar probes
* List of missions to the Moon
* List of artificial objects on the Moon
* Lunar resources
* Apollo 17 Moon mice
* Moon landing conspiracy theories
* Apollo 11 anniversaries
* List of crewed lunar lander designs

* Missions are ordered by launch date. Crewed missions are in italics.

* v
* t
* e

Orbital launches in 2022

January|

* Starlink G4-5 (49 satellites)
* ION-SCV 004 (LabSat, STORK-1, STORK-2, SW1FT), Capella 7, Capella 8, ICEYE X14, ICEYE X16, USA-320, USA-321, USA-322, USA-323, DEWA SAT-1, Flock 4x × 44, Kepler × 4, Lemur-2 × 5, Nepal PQ-1
* Lemur-2 Krywe, STORK-3, TechEdSat-13, Unicorn-1, Unicorn-2 × 4
* Shiyan 13
* Starlink G4-6 (49 satellites)
* USA-324 / GSSAP-5, USA-325 / GSSAP-6
* CSG-2

February|

* USA-326
* Starlink G4-7 (49 satellites)
* Kosmos 2553 / Neitron №1
* OneWeb L13 (34 satellites)
* EOS-04 / RISAT-1A
* Progress MS-19
* Cygnus NG-17 (KITSUNE)
* Starlink G4-8 (46 satellites)
* Starlink G4-11 (50 satellites)
* Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D × 9, Jilin-1 Mofang-02A 01

March|

* GOES-18 / GOES-T
* Starlink G4-9 (47 satellites)
* Noor 2
* Starlink G4-10 (48 satellites)
* SpaceBEE × 16, SpaceBEE NZ × 4
* Yaogan 34-02
* Soyuz MS-21
* Starlink G4-12 (53 satellites)
* Meridian-M 10

April|

* ION-SCV 005 (KSF2 × 4), EnMAP, Lynk Tower 01, MP42 / Tiger-3, ÑuSat × 5, SpaceBEE × 12
* Gaofen 3-03
* Kosmos 2554 / Lotos-S1 №5
* Axiom Mission 1
* ChinaSat 6D
* USA-327 / NOSS-3 9A, NOSS-3 9B
* Starlink G4-14 (53 satellites)
* SpaceX Crew-4
* Kosmos 2555 / EO MKA №2
* Starlink G4-16 (53 satellites)
* Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D × 4, Jilin-1 Gaofen-04A

May|

* SpaceBEE × 16, SpaceBEE NZ × 8, Unicorn-2F
* Jilin-1 Kuanfu-01C, Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D × 7
* Starlink G4-17 (53 satellites)
* Tianzhou 4
* Jilin-1 Mofang-01A†
* Starlink G4-13 (53 satellites)
* Starlink G4-15 (53 satellites)
* Starlink G4-18 (53 satellites)
* Kosmos 2556 / Bars-M 3L
* Boe OFT-2
* ION-SCV 006 (SBUDNIC), SHERPA AC1, Vigoride-3, ICEYE × 5, ÑuSat × 4, Lemur-2 × 5, Platform 1, PTD-3

June|

* Progress MS-20
* Shenzhou 14
* TROPICS 02†, TROPICS 04†
* Starlink G4-19 (53 satellites)
* CMS-02 or GSAT-24
* Yaogan 35-02 (3 satellites)
* CAPSTONE

July|

* Kosmos 2557 / GLONASS-K 16L
* Starlink G4-21 (53 satellites)
* Starlink G3-1 (46 satellites)
* Tianlian II-03
* SpaceX CRS-25 (TUMnanoSAT)
* Starlink G4-22 (53 satellites)
* Starlink G3-2 (46 satellites)
* Wentian
* Starlink G4-25 (53 satellites)
* Yaogan 35-03 (3 satellites)

August|

* Kosmos 2558 / Nivelir №3
* USA-335 / RASR-4
* USA-336 / SBIRS GEO-6
* Chinese reusable experimental spacecraft
* Danuri
* EOS-02 / Microsat-2A†, AzaadiSAT†
* Starlink G4-26 (52 satellites)
* Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D × 10, Jilin-1 Hongwai-01A × 6
* Starlink G3-3 (46 satellites)
* Yaogan 35-04 (3 satellites)
* Starlink G4-27 (53 satellites)
* Starlink G4-23 (54 satellites)
* Starlink G3-4 (46 satellites)

September|

* Yaogan 33-02
* Starlink G4-20 (51 satellites)
* Yaogan 35-05 (3 satellites)
* Eutelsat Konnect VHTS
* Starlink G4-2 (34 satellites)
* ChinaSat 1E
* Starlink G4-34 (54 satellites)
* Soyuz MS-22
* KH-11 19/NROL-91
* Shiyan 14, Shiyan 15
* Starlink G4-35 (52 satellites)
* Yaogan 36-01 (3 satellites)
* Shiyan 16A, Shiyan 16B, Shiyan 17

October|

* TechEdSat-15
* SES-20, SES-21
* SpaceX Crew-5
* Starlink G4-29 (52 satellites)
* Galaxy 33, Galaxy 34
* GLONASS-K 17L
* RAISE-3†, KOSEN-2†, MAGNARO†, MITSUBA†, WASEDA-SAT-ZERO†
* Huanjing 2E
* Yaogan 36-02 (3 satellites)
* Hotbird 13F
* Starlink G4-36 (54 satellites)
* OneWeb L14 (36 satellites)
* Gonets-M × 3
* Progress MS-21
* Starlink G4-31 (53 satellites)
* Shiyan 20C
* Mengtian

November|

* LDPE-2, USA-339 / Shepherd Demonstration, USA-340, USA-341, USA-344 / USUVL
* Kosmos 2563 / EKS-6
* Hotbird 13G
* MATS
* ChinaSat 19
* Cygnus NG-18 (SpaceTuna1)
* NOAA-21, LOFTID
* Tianzhou 5
* Galaxy 31, Galaxy 32
* Yaogan 34-03
* Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D × 5
* Artemis 1 (ArgoMoon, BioSentinel, CuSP, EQUULEUS, LunaH-Map, Lunar IceCube, LunIR, Near-Earth Asteroid Scout, OMOTENASHI, Team Miles)
* Eutelsat 10B
* EOS-06 / Oceansat-3, Astrocast × 4
* SpaceX CRS-26
* Yaogan 36-03 (3 satellites)
* Kosmos 2564 / GLONASS-M 761
* Shenzhou 15
* Kosmos 2565 / Lotos-S1 №6 (Kosmos 2566)

December|

* Gaofen 5-01A
* OneWeb L15 (40 satellites)
* Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D × 7, Jilin-1 Pingtai-01A 01
* Hakuto-R Mission 1 (Rashid), Lunar Flashlight
* Shiyan 20A, Shiyan 20B
* Galaxy 35, Galaxy 36, MTG-I1
* Yaogan 36-04 (3 satellites)
* Shiyan 21
* SWOT
* O3b mPOWER 1, O3b mPOWER 2
* Starlink G4-37 (54 satellites)
* Pléiades Neo 5†, Pléiades Neo 6†
* Gaofen 11-04
* Starlink G5-1 (54 satellites)
* Shiyan 10-02
* EROS-C3

Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).

* v
* t
* e

2022 in space

* « 2021

2023 »

Space probe launches |

* CAPSTONE (June 2022)
* Danuri (August 2022)
* Artemis I (November 2022)
* ArgoMoon
* EQUULEUS
* LunaH-Map
* Lunar IceCube
* NEA Scout
* OMOTENASHI
* LunIR
* Hakuto-R Mission 1 / Emirates Lunar Mission / Lunar Flashlight (December 2022)

Impact events|

* 2022 EB5
* 2022 WJ1

Selected NEOs|

* Asteroid close approaches
* 2020 AP1
* 2022 AE1
* 2022 AP7
* 2022 BX1
* (7482) 1994 PC1
* 2015 DR215
* 2022 FD1
* (7335) 1989 JA
* 2022 NX1
* 2022 QX4
* 161989 Cacus
* 65803 Didymos
* 2022 UR4
* 2022 RM4
* (741081) 2005 LW3
* 2022 WM7
* (745311) 2010 XC15
* 2022 YG

Discoveries|

* 2021 LL37 (TNO)
* 2021 RR205 (TNO)
* Alcyoneus (galaxy)
* CEERS-93316
* Gaia BH1
* GLASS-z12
* GNz7q
* GRB 221009A
* HD1 (galaxy)
* J1144–4308
* JADES-GS-z13-0
* OGLE-2011-BLG-0462
* PKS 2131-021
* PSR J0901–4046
* PSR J0952–0607
* Sagittarius A* imaged
* S4716
* SN 2022jli
* VFTS 243
* Webb's First Deep Field (SMACS J0723.3–7327)
* WD 1054–226
* WHL0137-LS
* ZTF J1813+4251
* 12 moons of Jupiter

Exoplanets |

* AB Aurigae b
* CO2 on WASP-39b
* Gliese 514 b
* Gliese 3929
* b
* c
* Gliese 896 Ab
* HD 83443 c
* HD 260655
* b
* c
* K2-2016-BLG-0005Lb
* Kepler-451
* c
* d
* Kepler-1708b and possible exomoon Kepler-1708b I
* LP 890-9
* b
* c
* Mu2 Scorpii
* b
* c
* OGLE-2018-BLG-1119Lb
* Pi Mensae d
* Proxima Centauri d
* TOI-1227 b
* TOI-1452 b
* TOI-2180 b

Comets |

* C/2021 O3 (PanSTARRS)
* 73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann
* C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS)
* C/2022 E3 (ZTF)

Space exploration|

* DART (Dimorphos impact; September 2022)

*   * Category:2021 in outer space — Category:2022 in outer space — Category:2023 in outer space

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LunIR. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Astronomy:LunIR&oldid=4130925"
*[no.]: number
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template