LonWorks

LonWorks or Local Operating Network is an open standard (ISO/IEC 14908) for networking platforms specifically created to address the needs of control applications. The platform is built on a protocol created by Echelon Corporation for networking devices over media such as twisted pair, power lines, fiber optics, and wireless. It is used for the automation of various functions within buildings such as lighting and HVAC; see building automation.

## Contents

* 1 Origins and uptake
* 2 Usage
* 3 Technical details
* 4 Acquisitions
* 5 Applications using LonWorks
* 6 SNVTs (Standard Network Variable Types)
* 7 See also
* 8 References
* 9 External links

## Origins and uptake

The technology had its origins with chip designs, power lines, twisted pairs, signaling technology, routers, network management software, and other products from Echelon Corporation. In 1999 the communications protocol (then known as LonTalk) was submitted to ANSI and accepted as a standard for control networking (ANSI/CEA-709.1-B). Echelon's power line and twisted pair signaling technology were also submitted to ANSI for standardization and acceptance. Since then, ANSI/CEA-709.1 has been accepted as the basis for IEEE 1473-L (in-train controls), AAR electro-pneumatic braking systems for freight trains, IFSF (European petrol station control), SEMI (semiconductor equipment manufacturing), and in 2005 as EN 14908 (European building automation standard). The protocol is also one of several data link/physical layers of the BACnet ASHRAE/ANSI standard for building automation.

China ratified the technology as a national controls standard, GB/Z 20177.1-2006, and as a building and intelligent community standard, GB/T 20299.4-2006; and in 2007 CECED, the European Committee of Domestic Equipment Manufacturers, adopted the protocol as part of its Household Appliances Control and Monitoring – Application Interworking Specification (AIS) standards.

In 2008, ISO and IEC granted the communications protocol, twisted pair signaling technology, power line signaling technology, and Internet Protocol (IP) compatibility standard numbers ISO/IEC 14908-1, -2, -3, and -4.[1]

## Usage

By 2010, approximately 90 million devices were installed with LonWorks technology. Manufacturers in a variety of industries including building, home, street lighting, transportation, utility, and industrial automation have adopted the platform as the basis for their product and service offerings. Statistics as to the number of locations using the LonWorks technology are scarce, but products and applications built on top of the platform include such diverse functions as embedded machine control, municipal and highway/tunnel/street lighting, heating and air conditioning systems, intelligent electricity metering, subway train control, building lighting, stadium lighting and speaker control, security systems, fire detection and suppression, and newborn location monitoring and alarming, as well as remote power generation load control.

## Technical details

Two physical-layer signaling technologies, twisted pair free topology and power-line carrier, are typically included in each of the standards created around the LonWorks technology. The two-wire layer operates at 78 kbit/s using differential Manchester encoding, while the power line achieves either 5.4 or 3.6 kbit/s, depending on frequency.[2]

Additionally, the LonWorks platform uses an affiliated IP tunneling standard—ISO/IEC 14908-4[3] (ANSI/CEA-852)[4]—in use by a number of manufacturers[5] to connect the devices on previously deployed and new LonWorks platform-based networks to IP-aware applications or remote network-management tools. Many LonWorks platform-based control applications are being implemented with some sort of IP integration, either at the UI/application level or in the controls infrastructure. This is accomplished with Web services or IP-routing products available in the market.

An Echelon Corporation-designed IC consisting of several 8-bit processors, the Neuron chip was initially the only way to implement a LonTalk protocol node and is used in the large majority of LonWorks platform-based hardware. Since 1999, the protocol has been available for general-purpose processors: A port of the ANSI/CEA-709.1 standard to IP-based or 32-bit chips.[6]

## Acquisitions

As of 14 September, 2018, Echelon Corporation was acquired by Adesto Technologies Corporation.[7] Adesto was then acquired by Dialog Semiconductor[8] who were then acquired by Renesas Electronics.[9] As of 2024, Renesas continues to offer LonWorks (and BACnet) products.[10]

## Applications using LonWorks

* Semiconductor manufacturing
* Lighting control systems
* Energy management systems
* Heating/ventilation/air-conditioning systems
* Security systems
* Home automation
* Consumer appliance controls
* Public street lighting, monitoring, and control
* Petrol station control
* Electronically controlled pneumatic braking
* Distributed avionics[11]

## SNVTs (Standard Network Variable Types)

One of the keys to the interoperability of the system is the standardisation of the variables used to describe physical things to LonWorks. This standards list is maintained by LonMark International, and each standard parameter is known as Standard Network Variable Type (SNVT, pronounced "sniv-it.") For example, a thermostat might report temperature using the SNVT_temp, defined as a 2-byte integer between zero and 65535, and representing a temperature between -274.0 and 6279.5 degrees Celsius at a precision of 0.1 °C.[12]

## See also

* Modbus
* BACnet

## References

1. ↑ "LonWorks Technology Achieves ISO/IEC Standardization" (Press release). 2008-12-03. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
2. ↑ http://www.echelon.com/support/documentation/manuals/transceivers/005-0154-01D.pdf PL3120/3150 transceiver data book, p5
3. ↑ "IP Tunneling Protocol (International)". http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=50360.
4. ↑ "CTA-852.1 : Enhanced Protocol for Tunneling Component Network Protocols over Internet Protocol Channels". http://global.ihs.com/doc_detail.cfm?document_name=CTA-852.1.
5. ↑ http://www.lonmark.org/membership/directory/ Directory of LonMark International Member Companies
6. ↑ "CTA-709.1 : Control Network Protocol Specification". http://global.ihs.com/doc_detail.cfm?document_name=CTA-709.1.
7. ↑ MarketScreener (2018-09-14). "Adesto Technologies Corporation completed the acquisition of Echelon Corporation from Royce & Associates, LP, Renaissance Technologies Corp., Enel Investment Holding B.V. and other shareholders. - MarketScreener" (in en-US). https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/ECHELON-CORPORATION-25342735/news/Adesto-Technologies-Corporation-completed-the-acquisition-of-Echelon-Corporation-from-Royce-Associ-34580623/.
8. ↑ "Dialog Semiconductor to Acquire Adesto Technologies, Broadening Presence in the Industrial Internet of Things Market (IIoT) | Renesas" (in en). https://www.renesas.com/en/about/newsroom/dialog-semiconductor-acquire-adesto-technologies-broadening-presence-industrial-internet-things.
9. ↑ "Renesas Targets IoT, Mixed Signal Expansion with Dialog Purchase | EE Times". https://www.eetimes.com/renesas-targets-iot-mixed-signal-expansion-with-dialog-purchase/.
10. ↑ "BACnet and LON Industrial Protocols | Renesas" (in en). https://www.renesas.com/en/products/interface/bacnet-and-lon-industrial-protocols.
11. ↑ "The ARNAV FMS 7000 Flight Management System". Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 65 (5): 16. 1993. doi:10.1108/eb037379. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/eb037379/full/html.
12. ↑ LONMARK® SNVT Master List (Version 11, Revision 2 ed.). Echelon Corporation. May 2002. p. 118. http://www.tsd.org/ieee1473/SNVT.pdf. Retrieved 9 March 2020.

## External links

* Official website
* Introduction to the LonWorks® Platform, revision 2

* v
* t
* e

Automation protocols

Process automation|

* AS-i
* BSAP
* CC-Link Industrial Networks
* CIP
* CAN bus
* CANopen
* DeviceNet
* ControlNet
* DF-1
* DirectNET
* EtherCAT
* Ethernet Global Data (EGD)
* Ethernet Powerlink
* EtherNet/IP
* Factory Instrumentation Protocol
* FINS
* FOUNDATION fieldbus
* H1
* HSE
* GE SRTP
* HART Protocol
* Honeywell SDS
* HostLink
* INTERBUS
* IO-Link
* MECHATROLINK
* MelsecNet
* Modbus
* Optomux
* PieP
* Ethernet Powerlink
* Profibus
* PROFINET IO
* RAPIEnet
* SERCOS interface
* SERCOS III
* Sinec H1
* SynqNet
* TTEthernet

Industrial control system|

* MTConnect
* OPC DA
* OPC HDA
* OPC UA

Building automation|

* 1-Wire
* BACnet
* C-Bus
* CEBus
* DALI
* DSI
* DyNet
* Factory Instrumentation Protocol
* KNX
* LonTalk
* Modbus
* oBIX
* VSCP
* X10
* xAP
* xPL
* ZigBee

Power-system automation|

* IEC 60870
* IEC 60870-5
* IEC 60870-6
* DNP3
* Factory Instrumentation Protocol
* IEC 61850
* IEC 62351
* Modbus
* Profibus

Automatic meter reading|

* ANSI C12.18
* IEC 61107
* DLMS/IEC 62056
* M-Bus
* Modbus
* ZigBee

Automobile / Vehicle|

* AFDX
* ARINC 429
* CAN bus
* ARINC 825
* SAE J1939
* NMEA 2000
* FMS
* Factory Instrumentation Protocol
* FlexRay
* IEBus
* J1587
* J1708
* Keyword Protocol 2000
* Unified Diagnostic Services
* LIN
* MOST
* VAN
* UAVCAN

* v
* t
* e

Home automation

System|

| Elements|

* Actuators
* Hardware controllers
* Sensors

|

Interconnection
type|

| Wired|

* Cable (xDSL)
* Optical fiber
* Powerline
* PLCBUS
* Universal powerline bus (UPB)
* X10

|

Wireless|

* Radio frequency
* Bluetooth
* Bluetooth Low Energy
* DECT
* EnOcean
* GPRS
* MyriaNed
* One-Net
* UMTS
* Wi-Fi
* Zigbee
* Z-Wave
* Infrared (Consumer IR)

Both|

* Insteon
* KNX

Network
technologies,
by function|

| Device
interconnection|

* Bluetooth
* Bluetooth Low Energy
* FireWire
* IrDA
* USB
* Zigbee

|

Control and
automation|

* AllJoyn
* Bus SCS with OpenWebNet
* C-Bus (protocol)
* CEBus
* EnOcean
* EHS
* Insteon
* Luxom
* KNX
* LonWorks
* One-Net
* Universal powerline bus
* X10
* Zigbee
* Z-Wave

Data
networking|

* Ethernet
* HomePlug
* HomePNA
* Wi-Fi

Tasks|

* Audio and video
* Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
* Lighting control system
* Other systems
* Robotics
* Security
* Thermostat automation

Other|

* Costs
* Mesh networking
* Organizations
* Smart grid

See also
Home of the future
Building automation
Floor plan
Home automation
Home energy monitor
Home network
Home server
House navigation system
INTEGER Millennium House
The House of the Future
Ubiquitous computing
Xanadu Houses

* v
* t
* e

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

Fundamental concepts|

* Air changes per hour
* Bake-out
* Building envelope
* Convection
* Dilution
* Domestic energy consumption
* Enthalpy
* Fluid dynamics
* Gas compressor
* Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
* Heat transfer
* Humidity
* Infiltration
* Latent heat
* Noise control
* Outgassing
* Particulates
* Psychrometrics
* Sensible heat
* Stack effect
* Thermal comfort
* Thermal destratification
* Thermal mass
* Thermodynamics
* Vapour pressure of water

Technology|

* Absorption refrigerator
* Air barrier
* Air conditioning
* Antifreeze
* Automobile air conditioning
* Autonomous building
* Building insulation materials
* Central heating
* Central solar heating
* Chilled beam
* Chilled water
* Constant air volume (CAV)
* Coolant
* Dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS)
* Deep water source cooling
* Demand-controlled ventilation (DCV)
* Displacement ventilation
* District cooling
* District heating
* Electric heating
* Energy recovery ventilation (ERV)
* Firestop
* Forced-air
* Forced-air gas
* Free cooling
* Heat recovery ventilation (HRV)
* Hybrid heat
* Hydronics
* HVAC
* Ice storage air conditioning
* Kitchen ventilation
* Mixed-mode ventilation
* Microgeneration
* Natural ventilation
* Passive cooling
* Passive house
* Radiant heating and cooling system
* Radiant cooling
* Radiant heating
* Radon mitigation
* Refrigeration
* Renewable heat
* Room air distribution
* Solar air heat
* Solar combisystem
* Solar cooling
* Solar heating
* Thermal insulation
* Underfloor air distribution
* Underfloor heating
* Vapor barrier
* Vapor-compression refrigeration (VCRS)
* Variable air volume (VAV)
* Variable refrigerant flow (VRF)
* Ventilation

Components|

* Air conditioner inverter
* Air door
* Air filter
* Air handler
* Air ionizer
* Air-mixing plenum
* Air purifier
* Air source heat pumps
* Automatic balancing valve
* Back boiler
* Barrier pipe
* Blast damper
* Boiler
* Centrifugal fan
* Ceramic heater
* Chiller
* Condensate pump
* Condenser
* Condensing boiler
* Convection heater
* Compressor
* Cooling tower
* Damper
* Dehumidifier
* Duct
* Economizer
* Electrostatic precipitator
* Evaporative cooler
* Evaporator
* Exhaust hood
* Expansion tank
* Fan coil unit
* Fan filter unit
* Fan heater
* Fire damper
* Fireplace
* Fireplace insert
* Freeze stat
* Flue
* Freon
* Fume hood
* Furnace
* Furnace room
* Gas compressor
* Gas heater
* Gasoline heater
* Geothermal heat pump
* Grease duct
* Grille
* Ground-coupled heat exchanger
* Heat exchanger
* Heat pipe
* Heat pump
* Heating film
* Heating system
* High efficiency glandless circulating pump
* High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)
* High pressure cut off switch
* Humidifier
* Infrared heater
* Inverter compressor
* Kerosene heater
* Louver
* Mechanical fan
* Mechanical room
* Oil heater
* Packaged terminal air conditioner
* Plenum space
* Pressurisation ductwork
* Process duct work
* Radiator
* Radiator reflector
* Recuperator
* Refrigerant
* Register
* Reversing valve
* Run-around coil
* Scroll compressor
* Solar chimney
* Solar-assisted heat pump
* Space heater
* Smoke exhaust ductwork
* Thermal expansion valve
* Thermal wheel
* Thermosiphon
* Thermostatic radiator valve
* Trickle vent
* Trombe wall
* Turning vanes
* Ultra-low particulate air (ULPA)
* Whole-house fan
* Windcatcher
* Wood-burning stove

Measurement
and control|

* Air flow meter
* Aquastat
* BACnet
* Blower door
* Building automation
* Carbon dioxide sensor
* Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR)
* Gas sensor
* Home energy monitor
* Humidistat
* HVAC control system
* Intelligent buildings
* LonWorks
* Minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV)
* OpenTherm
* Programmable communicating thermostat
* Programmable thermostat
* Psychrometrics
* Room temperature
* Smart thermostat
* Thermostat
* Thermostatic radiator valve

Professions, trades,
and services|

* Architectural acoustics
* Architectural engineering
* Architectural technologist
* Building services engineering
* Building information modeling (BIM)
* Deep energy retrofit
* Duct leakage testing
* Environmental engineering
* Hydronic balancing
* Kitchen exhaust cleaning
* Mechanical engineering
* Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing
* Mold growth, assessment, and remediation
* Refrigerant reclamation
* Testing, adjusting, balancing

Industry organizations|

* ACCA
* AHRI
* AMCA
* ASHRAE
* ASTM International
* BRE
* BSRIA
* CIBSE
* Institute of Refrigeration
* IIR
* LEED
* SMACNA

Health and safety|

* Indoor air quality (IAQ)
* Passive smoking
* Sick building syndrome (SBS)
* Volatile organic compound (VOC)

See also|

* ASHRAE Handbook
* Building science
* Fireproofing
* Glossary of HVAC terms
* World Refrigeration Day

* Template:Home automation
* Template:Solar energy

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