Patriarch

In biblical terms a Patriarch refers to the twelve sons of Jacob.

In the early New Testament era the Patriarch refers to the highest-ranking bishop in a self-governing and historically significant Christian center. The most famous are the ancient patriarchates of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem, which are Eastern Orthodox jurisdictions.

The head of the Roman Catholic Church, the Pope, is styled the "Patriarch of the West" while the leader of Eastern Orthodoxy, the Patriarch of Constantinople, is styled the "Ecumenical Patriarch." In more recent years, newer bishoprics have had the title of "patriarchate" given to them. Examples are the Orthodox churches in Russia (i.e. Moscow), Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, and Georgia, plus the Roman Catholic Church's own patriarchate of Jerusalem.

The term is also used to refer to any supremely high-ranking male figure in a family or social group.

In Christianity, the patriarchs are also a group of Jews from the Old Testament who ruled in the Second Millennium, between the Flood and the reign of King David:

* Noah
* Abraham
* Isaac
* Joseph
* Moses

These men had many sons and ruled over large families. Analogously, one might today use the term "patriarch" to refer to the male head of a large and influential family, such as George H.W. Bush or Joseph Kennedy.

## See also[edit]

* Matriarch
* Pentarchy