Apollo 11 goodwill messages

Short description: Statements left on the Moon in 1969 by the Apollo 11 astronauts

The silicon disc with goodwill messages left on the Moon by Apollo 11 astronauts

The Apollo 11 goodwill messages are statements from leaders of 73 countries around the world on a disc about the size of a 50-cent piece made of silicon that was left on the Moon in 1969 by the Apollo 11 astronauts.

The disc also carried names of the leadership of the Congress, the four committees of the House and Senate responsible for legislation related to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and NASA's top management, including past administrators and deputy administrators.

At the top of the disc is the inscription: "Goodwill messages from around the world brought to the Moon by the astronauts of Apollo 11." Around the rim is the statement: "From Planet Earth - July 1969". The collected letters were given to the GCA Corp in Burlington MA which used a reduction camera to make a negative photomask containing all the letters plus an inscription around its edge at its final size. This mask was given to Sprague Electric Company of North Adams, Massachusetts which imaged it onto a silicon wafer and etched the pattern into the wafer. NASA head Thomas O. Paine proposed the idea to the U.S. State Department, and corresponded with world leaders to solicit their messages. These were enshrined by being photographed and reduced to 1/200 scale ultra microfiche silicon etching. The disc rests in an aluminum case on the Moon's Sea of Tranquility.[1]

The disc was in a package in Buzz Aldrin's suit shoulder pocket along with some other memorial items. He was reminded about the package by Neil Armstrong while ascending the ladder of the Lunar Module Eagle to finish their EVA. He then dropped it to the surface.[2] Later Houston requested and received confirmation they had placed it.[3]Template:Apollo11series

## Contents

* 1 Countries represented in the messages
* 2 See also
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## Countries represented in the messages

State  | Signed by

|

Afghanistan | Mohammed Zahir Shah
King of Afghanistan
Argentina  | Juan Carlos Onganía
President of Argentina
Australia  | John Gorton
Prime Minister of Australia
Belgium  | Baudouin I
King of the Belgians
Template:Country data Brazilian military government | Artur da Costa e Silva
President of Brazil
Canada  | Pierre Trudeau
Prime Minister of Canada
Chad  | François Tombalbaye
President of Chad
Chile  | Eduardo Frei Montalva
President of Chile
Republic of China[lower-alpha 1] | Chiang Kai-shek
President of the Republic of China
Colombia  | Carlos Lleras Restrepo
President of Colombia
Template:Flagd Congo-Kinshasa  | Joseph-Desiré Mobutu
President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Costa Rica  | José Joaquín Trejos Fernández
President of Costa Rica
Cyprus  | Makarios III
President of Cyprus
Template:Country data Dahomey | Émile Derlin Zinsou
President of Dahomey
Denmark  | Frederik IX
King of Denmark
Dominican Republic  | Joaquin Balaguer
President of the Dominican Republic
Ecuador  | José María Velasco Ibarra
President of Ecuador
Estonia[lower-alpha 2] | Ernst Jaakson

Consul General of Estonia to the United States
Ethiopia | Haile Selassie I
Emperor of Ethiopia
Ghana  | Akwasi Afrifa

Head of state of Ghana
Greece | Georgios Zoitakis
Regent of Greece[lower-alpha 3]
Template:Flagd Guyana  | Forbes Burnham
Prime Minister of Guyana
Iceland  | Kristjan Eldjarn

President of Iceland
India  | Indira Gandhi
Prime Minister of India
Template:Country data Pahlavi Iran | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Shah of Iran[4]
Ireland | Éamon de Valera

President of Ireland
Israel  | Zalman Shazar

President of Israel
Italy  | Giuseppe Saragat

President of Italy
Ivory Coast  | Félix Houphouët-Boigny

President of Ivory Coast
Jamaica  | Hugh Shearer
Prime Minister of Jamaica
Japan  | Eisaku Satō
Prime Minister of Japan
Kenya  | Jomo Kenyatta

President of Kenya
Laos | Sisavang Vatthana

King of Laos
Latvia[lower-alpha 2] | Anatols Dinbergs

Ambassador of Latvia to the United States
Lebanon  | Charles Helou

President of Lebanon
Lesotho  | Leabua Jonathan
Prime Minister of Lesotho
Liberia  | William Tubman

President of Liberia
Madagascar  | Philibert Tsiranana

President of Madagascar
Malaysia  | Unknown; the message is not signed.[lower-alpha 4]
Maldives  | Unknown; the message is not signed.[lower-alpha 5]
Mali  | Moussa Traoré

President of Mali
Malta  | Giorgio Borg Olivier
Prime Minister of Malta
Template:Flagd Mauritius  | Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
Prime Minister of Mauritius
Mexico  | Gustavo Díaz Ordaz

President of Mexico
Morocco  | Hassan II

King of Morocco
Netherlands  | Juliana

Queen of the Netherlands
New Zealand  | Keith Holyoake
Prime Minister of New Zealand
Nicaragua  | Anastasio Somoza Debayle

President of Nicaragua
Norway  | Olav V
King of Norway
Pakistan  | Yahya Khan

President of Pakistan
Panama  | Bolívar Urrutia Parrilla

President of Panama
Peru  | Juan Velasco Alvarado

President of Peru
Philippines  | Ferdinand Marcos

President of the Philippines
Poland | Jerzy Michałowski (pl)

Ambassador of Poland to the United States
Template:Country data Estado Novo (Portugal) | Américo Tomás

President of Portugal
Romania | Nicolae Ceaușescu

President of the State Council of Romania and General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party
Senegal | Léopold Sédar Senghor

President of Senegal
Template:Flagd Sierra Leone  | Siaka Stevens
Prime Minister of Sierra Leone
South Africa  | Jacobus Johannes Fouché

State President of South Africa
Template:Country data Third Republic of Korea | Park Chung Hee

President of the Republic of Korea
South Vietnam  | Nguyễn Văn Thiệu

President of the Republic of Vietnam
Swaziland  | Sobhuza II

King of Swaziland
Thailand  | Unknown; the message is not signed.[lower-alpha 6]
Togo  | Gnassingbé Eyadéma

President of Togo
Trinidad and Tobago  | Eric Williams
Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia  | Habib Bourguiba

President of Tunisia
Turkey  | Cevdet Sunay

President of Turkey
United Kingdom  | Elizabeth II
Queen of the United Kingdom[lower-alpha 7]
Template:Country data Upper Volta | Sangoulé Lamizana

President of Upper Volta
Uruguay  | Jorge Pacheco Areco

President of Uruguay
Vatican City  | Pope Paul VI

Sovereign of the Vatican City State
Template:Country data Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia | Josip Broz Tito

President of Yugoslavia
Zambia  | Kenneth Kaunda

President of Zambia

1. ↑ The U.S. maintained relations with the Republic of China as "China" instead of the People's Republic of China.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 The US government did not recognize the Soviet annexation of the Baltic states.
3. ↑ Regent for King Constantine II
4. ↑ Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah was Yang di-Pertuan Agong and Tunku Abdul Rahman was Prime Minister of Malaysia at the time.
5. ↑ Ibrahim Nasir was President of the Maldives at the time.
6. ↑ Bhumibol Adulyadej was King of Thailand and Thanom Kittikachorn was Prime Minister of Thailand at the time.
7. ↑ Also as Queen of Australia, Barbados, Canada, Ceylon, Fiji, the Gambia, Guyana, Jamaica, Malta, Mauritius, New Zealand, Sierra Leone and Trinidad and Tobago. Rhodesia, which unilaterally declared independence in 1965, also considered Elizabeth II as its queen, though it did not enjoy diplomatic recognition as an independent state by the United States.

## See also

* List of time capsules
* Lunar plaque
* List of artificial objects on the Moon

## References

1. ↑ "Apollo 11 Goodwill Messages". NASA. July 13, 1969. https://history.nasa.gov/ap11-35ann/goodwill/Apollo_11_material.pdf.
2. ↑ Jones, Eric M. (November 12, 2017). "Apollo 11 Surface Journal:EASEP Deployment and Closeout". NASA. https://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.clsout.html.
3. ↑ Jones, Eric M. (October 28, 2017). "Apollo 11 Surface Journal:Trying to Rest". NASA. https://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.posteva.html.
4. ↑ Rahman, Tahir (2008). We came in peace for all mankind : the untold story of the Apollo 11 silicon disk (1st ed.). Overland Park, Kan.: Leathers Pub.. ISBN 9781585974412.

## External links

* Goodwill Messages at NASA
* Lunar Litter: A short film about things left behind on crewed Moon missions, includes the goodwill message disc

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