Impact events on Mars

Short description: None

Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter image of a newly-formed Martian impact crater at Solis Planum in 2013. This crater spans 30 meters (98 ft) in diameter and is surrounded by dark ejecta rays extending up to 15 kilometers (9.3 mi).

In modern times, numerous impact events on Mars have been detected. Although most have been inferred from the appearance of new impact craters on the planet, some have corresponded to marsquakes felt by the InSight lander.[1] To date, no impacting meteors have been directly observed as a fireball or discovered in space before impact.

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 2 List of notable impacts
* 3 Notes
* 4 See also
* 5 References

## Overview

As the best-explored planet in the Solar System (after Earth), Mars has been continuously explored by various spacecraft, landers, and rovers since 1997. The first probe to image Mars's surface in detail was Mariner 4 in 1965, and Mariner 9 became the first probe to orbit Mars in 1971. However, few early probes were able to image Mars in high enough resolution to detect new impact craters, which are typically less than 10 meters (33 ft) across.[2] Early probes reached resolutions of 790 meters (2,590 ft), while Mariner 9 was able to reach 98 meters (322 ft).[3] From 1976 to 1982, Viking 1 and Viking 2 imaged all of Mars at 150 meters (490 ft) resolution, with some areas imaged in up to 8 meters (26 ft) resolution.[4]

The Mars Global Surveyor, active from 1997 to 2006, was the first spacecraft able to image Mars in high enough resolution to detect new impacts, with a resolution of up to 1.5 meters (4.9 ft). The first detected impact, a 14.4-meter (47 ft)-diameter crater in southern Lucus Planum, happened between 27 January 2000, and 19 March 2001.[2] Since then, over 1,200 new impact craters have been found on Mars with 2001 Mars Odyssey, Mars Express, and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, over 1,100 of which were found by the last.[2]

Unlike on Earth, most impact craters on Mars come in clusters, caused by the meteor partially fragmenting before impact.[5] Due to Mars's tenuous atmosphere, with just 0.6% the surface pressure of Earth's, incoming meteors are much less prone to breaking up.[6] while a 10-meter (33 ft) asteroid falling over Earth is unlikely to reach the surface intact before being destroyed in a meteor air burst,[7] a 10-meter (33 ft) asteroid falling over Mars may leave a crater over 100 meters (330 ft) across,[8] or several smaller craters tens of meters across.[9]

There is significant observation bias in the locations of discovered impact craters: certain locations on Mars are of much more geological interest, and so are imaged more frequently and in detail than less notable ones.[5] Additionally, many new craters are first noticed by their 'blast zone' of ejecta, which can be 10-100 times the size of the crater itself.[5] However, only certain regions of Mars have subsurface material that can be ejected to create these features; in particular, the Tharsis rise, Olympus Mons, Elysium Mons, and Arabia Terra. As a result, very few impacts have been detected outside of these regions, despite impacts in theory happening randomly across the planet.[5]

Despite these biases, the existing observations of new Martian impacts suggest that asteroids of a given size impacting the planet are about 3 times more common than on Earth and the Moon,[10] with roughly 240 4-meter (13 ft) craters and one to seven 30-meter (98 ft) craters forming each year[11] (compared to the observed ~0.8). Larger impactors also seem to be more relatively frequent than on Earth or the Moon (i.e. the size-frequency distribution slope is shallower).[12] If this holds true for larger asteroid sizes, this suggests that Mars may be in a modern impact surge,[12] although atmospheric deceleration of small asteroids might explain the unexpectedly shallow slope, which would become more consistent with predictions for larger asteroids.[12]

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## List of notable impacts

The following is a list of detected impact events with a crater size of >15 meters, which excludes most meteoroid impacts (<1 meter asteroids). 10-15 meter craters discovered before 2010 are also included, before the rate of discovering such craters became dozens per year.

Date[2][13] | Details[2] | Discovery[2] | Location[2] | Notes

|
|
|
|

Discovery date  | Median
impact date
[note 1] | Uncertainty
(days)  | Crater
diameter
(m)  | Impactor
diameter
(m)
[note 2][14] | Impactor
mass
(tonnes)
[note 2][14] | Ice-exposing?  | Discovery
spacecraft  | Reference
spacecraft  | quadrangle  | Region  | Coordinates
2001-03-19 | 2000-08-22 | 208 | 14.4 | 0.92–2.8 | 1.2–11 | no | MGS | MGS | Memnonia | Lucus Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 8°47′10″S 182°40′23″E﻿ / ﻿8.786°S 182.673°E﻿ / -8.786; 182.673 |
2001-12-05 | 2000-09-13 | 447 | 37.3 | 2.7–8.0 | 29–260 | no | MGS | MGS | Amazonis | Amazonis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 0°55′59″N 191°44′46″E﻿ / ﻿0.933°N 191.746°E﻿ / 0.933; 191.746 |
2002-10-08 | 2002-02-14 | 236 | 19.9 | 1.3–4.0 | 3.5–34 | no | MGS | MGS | Lunae Palus | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 4°57′43″N 277°47′20″E﻿ / ﻿4.962°N 277.789°E﻿ / 4.962; 277.789 |
2003-04-15 | 1990-07-29 | 4643 | 15.3 | 0.99–3.0 | 1.5–14 | no | MGS | Viking 1 | Amazonis | Olympus Mons |  [ ⚑ ] 22°48′50″N 219°54′36″E﻿ / ﻿22.814°N 219.910°E﻿ / 22.814; 219.910 |
2003-05-07 | 2002-12-02 | 155 | 22.6 | 1.5–4.6 | 5.5–50 | no | MGS | Odyssey | Arabia | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 20°25′37″N 3°17′42″E﻿ / ﻿20.427°N 3.295°E﻿ / 20.427; 3.295 |
2003-07-17 | 2001-11-12 | 611 | 17.5 | 1.1–3.4 | 2.3–21 | no | MGS | MGS | Phoenicis Lacus | Daedalia Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 3°36′58″S 234°14′35″E﻿ / ﻿3.616°S 234.243°E﻿ / -3.616; 234.243 |
2003-08-20 | 2001-07-11 | 770 | 25.2 | 1.7–5.1 | 8.0–72 | no | Odyssey | MGS | Amazonis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 5°28′08″N 224°21′11″E﻿ / ﻿5.469°N 224.353°E﻿ / 5.469; 224.353 |
2003-12-11 | 2002-08-06 | 491 | 24.5 | 1.7–5.0 | 7.3–65 | no | MGS | MGS | Arabia | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 21°57′29″N 14°36′18″E﻿ / ﻿21.958°N 14.605°E﻿ / 21.958; 14.605 |
2004-01-27 | 2003-11-19 | 69 | 12.0 | 0.75–2.3 | 0.67–6.0 | no | Odyssey | Odyssey | Amazonis | Eumenides Dorsum |  [ ⚑ ] 1°41′10″N 199°22′55″E﻿ / ﻿1.686°N 199.382°E﻿ / 1.686; 199.382 |
2004-02-07 | 2003-09-12 | 147 | 16.8 | 1.1–3.3 | 2.1–18 | no | Odyssey | MGS | Tharsis | Uranius Mons |  [ ⚑ ] 27°03′18″N 268°19′55″E﻿ / ﻿27.055°N 268.332°E﻿ / 27.055; 268.332 |
2004-04-22 | 2004-03-07 | 45 | 10.6 | 0.66–2.0 | 0.44–4.0 | no | Odyssey | MGS | Amazonis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 5°21′11″N 223°19′26″E﻿ / ﻿5.353°N 223.324°E﻿ / 5.353; 223.324 |
2004-05-15 | 2004-04-19 | 25 | 33.5 | 2.4–7.1 | 21–180 | no | Odyssey | Odyssey | Amazonis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 2°28′44″N 224°06′18″E﻿ / ﻿2.479°N 224.105°E﻿ / 2.479; 224.105 |
2004-06-25 | 2003-08-30 | 299 | 10.0 | 0.61–1.8 | 0.36–3.3 | no | Odyssey | Odyssey | Memnonia | Eumenides Dorsum |  [ ⚑ ] 0°45′18″S 200°03′58″E﻿ / ﻿0.755°S 200.066°E﻿ / -0.755; 200.066 |
2005-01-06 | 2003-11-01 | 432 | 58.2 | 4.3–13 | 130–1200 | no | Odyssey | Odyssey | Mare Acidalium | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 34°40′55″N 352°58′52″E﻿ / ﻿34.682°N 352.981°E﻿ / 34.682; 352.981 |
2005-03-21 | 2002-04-20 | 1066 | 36.4 | 2.6–7.7 | 27–240 | no | MGS | MGS | Lunae Palus | Lunae Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 5°07′52″N 290°35′28″E﻿ / ﻿5.131°N 290.591°E﻿ / 5.131; 290.591 |
2005-04-29 | 2004-05-01 | 362 | 10.7 | 0.66–2.0 | 0.46–4.1 | no | MGS | MGS | Arabia | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 28°59′24″N 26°55′34″E﻿ / ﻿28.990°N 26.926°E﻿ / 28.990; 26.926 |
2005-06-08 | 2005-04-06 | 62 | 53.9 | 4.0–12 | 100–900 | no | MGS | MGS | Coprates | Tithoniae Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 2°21′18″S 278°15′32″E﻿ / ﻿2.355°S 278.259°E﻿ / -2.355; 278.259 |
2005-06-13 | 2003-04-10 | 795 | 15.6 | 1.0–3.0 | 1.6–14 | no | MGS | MGS | Syrtis Major | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 23°05′13″N 52°52′44″E﻿ / ﻿23.087°N 52.879°E﻿ / 23.087; 52.879 |
2005-06-22 | 2004-07-20 | 337 | 10.6 | 0.66–2.0 | 0.44–4.0 | no | Odyssey | Odyssey | Tharsis | Tharsis Montes |  [ ⚑ ] 3°23′49″N 253°54′36″E﻿ / ﻿3.397°N 253.910°E﻿ / 3.397; 253.910 |
2005-09-07 | 2005-05-06 | 123 | 12.9 | 0.82–2.5 | 0.85–7.7 | no | Express | Express | Lunae Palus | Lunae Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 1°05′24″N 284°25′12″E﻿ / ﻿1.090°N 284.420°E﻿ / 1.090; 284.420 |
2005-11-26 | 2004-12-01 | 359 | 16.7 | 1.1–3.3 | 2.0–18 | no | Odyssey | MGS | Arabia | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 26°09′29″N 23°37′41″E﻿ / ﻿26.158°N 23.628°E﻿ / 26.158; 23.628 |
2006-01-06 | 2005-06-10 | 210 | 18.6 | 1.2–3.7 | 2.9–26 | no | MGS | Odyssey | Amazonis | Amazonis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 13°51′04″N 206°34′55″E﻿ / ﻿13.851°N 206.582°E﻿ / 13.851; 206.582 |
2006-01-12 | 2004-09-12 | 487 | 20.8 | 1.4–4.2 | 4.2–38 | no | MGS | MGS | Tharsis | Tharsis Montes |  [ ⚑ ] 10°22′30″N 250°12′58″E﻿ / ﻿10.375°N 250.216°E﻿ / 10.375; 250.216 |
2006-01-31 | 2006-01-10 | 20 | 21.7 | 1.5–4.4 | 4.8–43 | no | MGS | Odyssey | Syrtis Major | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 25°36′04″N 52°08′49″E﻿ / ﻿25.601°N 52.147°E﻿ / 25.601; 52.147 |
2006-02-07 | 2005-02-06 | 366 | 12.1 | 0.76–2.3 | 0.69–6.2 | no | Odyssey | Odyssey | Amazonis | Marte Vallis |  [ ⚑ ] 4°46′16″N 180°08′42″E﻿ / ﻿4.771°N 180.145°E﻿ / 4.771; 180.145 |
2006-02-13 | 2005-12-25 | 50 | 10.6 | 0.66–2.0 | 0.44–4.0 | no | MGS | Odyssey | Amazonis | Amazonis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 19°46′26″N 207°25′30″E﻿ / ﻿19.774°N 207.425°E﻿ / 19.774; 207.425 |
2006-02-14 | 2005-03-28 | 323 | 29.3 | 2.0–6.1 | 13–120 | no | MGS | Odyssey | Phoenicis Lacus | Daedalia Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 0°01′59″S 226°54′25″E﻿ / ﻿0.033°S 226.907°E﻿ / -0.033; 226.907 |
2006-02-21 | 2006-02-08 | 12 | 15.4 | 0.99–3.0 | 1.5–14 | no | Odyssey | Odyssey | Tharsis | Ceraunius Tholus |  [ ⚑ ] 24°40′34″N 261°31′19″E﻿ / ﻿24.676°N 261.522°E﻿ / 24.676; 261.522 |
2006-02-25 | 2006-01-10 | 45 | 11.0 | 0.68–2.0 | 0.50–4.5 | no | Express | Express | Phoenicis Lacus | Noctis Labyrinthus |  [ ⚑ ] 4°22′12″S 264°35′53″E﻿ / ﻿4.370°S 264.598°E﻿ / -4.370; 264.598 |
2006-02-26 | 2005-02-21 | 370 | 16.9 | 1.1–3.3 | 2.1–19 | no | MGS | Odyssey | Lunae Palus | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 13°42′32″N 275°40′26″E﻿ / ﻿13.709°N 275.674°E﻿ / 13.709; 275.674 |
2006-02-26 | 2005-09-04 | 174 | 17.7 | 1.2–3.5 | 2.4–22 | no | MGS | Express | Arabia | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 28°27′18″N 25°11′46″E﻿ / ﻿28.455°N 25.196°E﻿ / 28.455; 25.196 |
2006-02-26 | 2005-12-07 | 87 | 36.8 | 2.6–7.8 | 28–250 | no | MGS | Odyssey | Tharsis | Tharsis Montes |  [ ⚑ ] 6°59′20″N 247°54′50″E﻿ / ﻿6.989°N 247.914°E﻿ / 6.989; 247.914 |
2006-07-10 | 2005-04-11 | 454 | 11.2 | 0.70–2.1 | 0.53–4.8 | no | Express | Express | Phoenicis Lacus | Noctis Labyrinthus |  [ ⚑ ] 4°32′42″S 256°54′50″E﻿ / ﻿4.545°S 256.914°E﻿ / -4.545; 256.914 |
2006-07-13 | 2005-10-30 | 255 | 10.8 | 0.67–2.0 | 0.47–4.2 | no | Express | Odyssey | Elysium | Phlegra Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 29°29′49″N 155°49′30″E﻿ / ﻿29.497°N 155.825°E﻿ / 29.497; 155.825 |
2007-03-27 | 2004-11-25 | 851 | 14.3 | 0.91–2.7 | 1.2–11 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Lunae Palus | Labeatis Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 27°36′47″N 279°31′34″E﻿ / ﻿27.613°N 279.526°E﻿ / 27.613; 279.526 |
2007-04-06 | 2006-01-12 | 449 | 13.0 | 0.82–2.5 | 0.87–7.9 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Margaritifer Sinus | Aureum Chaos |  [ ⚑ ] 6°03′25″S 334°20′31″E﻿ / ﻿6.057°S 334.342°E﻿ / -6.057; 334.342 |
2007-04-14 | 2006-09-26 | 199 | 10.1 | 0.62–1.9 | 0.38–3.4 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Phoenicis Lacus | Daedalia Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 3°06′25″S 233°06′18″E﻿ / ﻿3.107°S 233.105°E﻿ / -3.107; 233.105 |
2007-10-15 | 2007-05-30 | 137 | 10.3 | 0.64–1.9 | 0.40–3.6 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Tharsis Montes |  [ ⚑ ] 16°36′43″N 246°18′54″E﻿ / ﻿16.612°N 246.315°E﻿ / 16.612; 246.315 |
2007-11-27 | 2006-07-28 | 487 | 22.0 | 1.5–4.4 | 5.1–45 | maybe | MRO | Express | Cebrenia | Galaxias Colles |  [ ⚑ ] 39°22′23″N 149°22′23″E﻿ / ﻿39.373°N 149.373°E﻿ / 39.373; 149.373 |
2007-12-20 | 2007-07-02 | 171 | 16.0 | 1.0–3.1 | 1.7–16 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Tharsis Tholus |  [ ⚑ ] 14°31′26″N 268°51′00″E﻿ / ﻿14.524°N 268.850°E﻿ / 14.524; 268.850 |
2008-05-01 | 2007-02-21 | 434 | 36.2 | 2.6–7.7 | 27–240 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Memnonia | Mangala Valles |  [ ⚑ ] 7°03′07″S 210°15′47″E﻿ / ﻿7.052°S 210.263°E﻿ / -7.052; 210.263 |
2008-05-07 | 2007-01-07 | 486 | 10.3 | 0.64–1.9 | 0.40–3.6 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Tharsis | Fortuna Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 2°23′10″N 266°43′30″E﻿ / ﻿2.386°N 266.725°E﻿ / 2.386; 266.725 |
2008-05-09 | 2006-11-20 | 536 | 12.3 | 0.77–2.3 | 0.73–6.5 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Phoenicis Lacus | Tharsis Montes |  [ ⚑ ] 1°16′48″S 250°07′12″E﻿ / ﻿1.280°S 250.120°E﻿ / -1.280; 250.120 |
2008-06-15 | 2006-11-14 | 578 | 15.0 | 0.96–2.9 | 1.4–13 | no | MRO | Express | Ismenius Lacus | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 32°44′49″N 37°37′55″E﻿ / ﻿32.747°N 37.632°E﻿ / 32.747; 37.632 |
2008-06-28 | 2006-07-01 | 728 | 12.0 | 0.75–2.3 | 0.67–6.0 | yes | MRO | Odyssey | Diacria | Arcadia Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 46°10′44″N 188°29′42″E﻿ / ﻿46.179°N 188.495°E﻿ / 46.179; 188.495 |
2008-06-29 | 2006-10-18 | 619 | 11.6 | 0.72–2.2 | 0.60–5.4 | maybe | MRO | Odyssey | Diacria | Acheron Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 40°19′19″N 221°13′19″E﻿ / ﻿40.322°N 221.222°E﻿ / 40.322; 221.222 |
2008-11-14 | 2008-07-22 | 114 | 17.5 | 1.1–3.4 | 2.3–21 | no | Express | Odyssey | Tharsis | Tharsis Montes |  [ ⚑ ] 5°27′18″N 262°19′05″E﻿ / ﻿5.455°N 262.318°E﻿ / 5.455; 262.318 |
2008-12-14 | 2007-09-03 | 468 | 10.1 | 0.62–1.9 | 0.38–3.4 | no | Odyssey | Express | Tharsis | Ulysses Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 14°15′11″N 237°57′43″E﻿ / ﻿14.253°N 237.962°E﻿ / 14.253; 237.962 |
2009-01-02 | 2006-12-13 | 751 | 12.4 | 0.78–2.3 | 0.75–6.7 | no | Odyssey | Express | Tharsis | Rhabon Valles |  [ ⚑ ] 21°26′31″N 267°13′26″E﻿ / ﻿21.442°N 267.224°E﻿ / 21.442; 267.224 |
2009-02-18 | 2008-01-16 | 399 | 11.1 | 0.69–2.1 | 0.52–4.6 | no | MRO | MRO | Elysium | Marte Vallis |  [ ⚑ ] 5°32′35″N 177°53′28″E﻿ / ﻿5.543°N 177.891°E﻿ / 5.543; 177.891 |
2009-04-07 | 2007-11-24 | 499 | 10.3 | 0.64–1.9 | 0.40–3.6 | no | MRO | Express | Phoenicis Lacus | Noctis Labyrinthus |  [ ⚑ ] 6°19′30″S 254°43′01″E﻿ / ﻿6.325°S 254.717°E﻿ / -6.325; 254.717 |
2009-05-03 | 2007-06-30 | 673 | 15.0 | 0.96–2.9 | 1.4–13 | no | MRO | Express | Memnonia | Lucus Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 5°48′47″S 190°22′16″E﻿ / ﻿5.813°S 190.371°E﻿ / -5.813; 190.371 |
2009-05-10 | 2007-05-17 | 724 | 10.1 | 0.62–1.9 | 0.38–3.4 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Phoenicis Lacus | Daedalia Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 5°44′02″S 226°24′50″E﻿ / ﻿5.734°S 226.414°E﻿ / -5.734; 226.414 |
2009-05-20 | 2008-03-25 | 421 | 36.0 | 2.6–7.7 | 26–240 | no | MRO | MRO | Phoenicis Lacus | Pavonis Mons |  [ ⚑ ] 0°37′48″S 248°54′47″E﻿ / ﻿0.630°S 248.913°E﻿ / -0.630; 248.913 |
2009-05-22 | 2008-09-12 | 252 | 10.7 | 0.66–2.0 | 0.46–4.1 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Gordii Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 14°45′36″N 230°06′54″E﻿ / ﻿14.760°N 230.115°E﻿ / 14.760; 230.115 |
2009-06-01 | 2007-06-29 | 703 | 16.4 | 1.1–3.2 | 1.9–17 | no | MRO | Express | Memnonia | Eumenides Dorsum |  [ ⚑ ] 1°29′46″S 200°37′30″E﻿ / ﻿1.496°S 200.625°E﻿ / -1.496; 200.625 |
2009-07-10 | 2007-12-08 | 580 | 21.9 | 1.5–4.4 | 5.0–45 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Phoenicis Lacus | Noctis Labyrinthus |  [ ⚑ ] 7°18′07″S 258°08′28″E﻿ / ﻿7.302°S 258.141°E﻿ / -7.302; 258.141 |
2009-08-05 | 2007-05-02 | 825 | 10.8 | 0.67–2.0 | 0.47–4.2 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Memnonia | Daedalia Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 4°13′08″S 220°33′04″E﻿ / ﻿4.219°S 220.551°E﻿ / -4.219; 220.551 |
2009-08-16 | 2007-12-24 | 601 | 23.3 | 1.6–4.7 | 6.1–55 | no | MRO | Express | Syrtis Major | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 29°26′13″N 49°08′53″E﻿ / ﻿29.437°N 49.148°E﻿ / 29.437; 49.148 |
2009-12-24 | 2009-01-09 | 349 | 10.1 | 0.62–1.9 | 0.38–3.4 | no | MRO | Express | Tharsis | Tharsis Montes |  [ ⚑ ] 13°14′35″N 260°57′11″E﻿ / ﻿13.243°N 260.953°E﻿ / 13.243; 260.953 |
2009-12-28 | 2007-08-01 | 880 | 12.3 | 0.77–2.3 | 0.73–6.5 | no | MRO | Express | Ismenius Lacus | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 32°17′38″N 28°57′32″E﻿ / ﻿32.294°N 28.959°E﻿ / 32.294; 28.959 |
2010-01-18 | 2007-10-31 | 809 | 18.4 | 1.2–3.6 | 2.8–25 | no | MRO | Express | Sinus Sabaeus | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 1°19′34″S 30°47′56″E﻿ / ﻿1.326°S 30.799°E﻿ / -1.326; 30.799 |
2010-01-21 | 2007-12-24 | 758 | 20.6 | 1.4–4.1 | 4.1–36 | no | MRO | Express | Phoenicis Lacus | Noctis Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 3°47′31″S 264°48′04″E﻿ / ﻿3.792°S 264.801°E﻿ / -3.792; 264.801 |
2010-01-24 | 2009-06-25 | 227 | 33.8 | 2.4–7.1 | 21–190 | yes | MRO | Odyssey | Cebrenia | Phlegra Montes |  [ ⚑ ] 44°13′19″N 164°12′04″E﻿ / ﻿44.222°N 164.201°E﻿ / 44.222; 164.201 |
2010-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | 364 | 20.0 | 1.3–4.0 | 3.7–33 | yes | MRO | Odyssey | Ismenius Lacus | Vastitas Borealis |  [ ⚑ ] 63°55′08″N 44°52′41″E﻿ / ﻿63.919°N 44.878°E﻿ / 63.919; 44.878 |
2010-08-20 | 2010-05-31 | 80 | 17.4 | 1.1–3.4 | 2.3–21 | no | MRO | MRO | Cebrenia | Utopia Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 41°01′01″N 126°18′04″E﻿ / ﻿41.017°N 126.301°E﻿ / 41.017; 126.301 |
2010-09-18 | 2007-07-02 | 1173 | 16.2 | 1.1–3.2 | 1.8–16 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Phoenicis Lacus | Daedalia Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 8°39′00″S 225°02′53″E﻿ / ﻿8.650°S 225.048°E﻿ / -8.650; 225.048 |
2010-10-08 | 2008-08-30 | 768 | 17.8 | 1.2–3.5 | 2.5–22 | no | Odyssey | Express | Lunae Palus | Echus Palus |  [ ⚑ ] 13°21′54″N 283°46′16″E﻿ / ﻿13.365°N 283.771°E﻿ / 13.365; 283.771 |
2010-10-23 | 2009-08-17 | 431 | 16.1 | 1.0–3.1 | 1.8–16 | no | Odyssey | MRO | Tharsis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 22°46′26″N 247°35′28″E﻿ / ﻿22.774°N 247.591°E﻿ / 22.774; 247.591 |
2010-11-23 | 2010-03-10 | 258 | 17.6 | 1.2–3.5 | 2.4–22 | no | Odyssey | MRO | Diacria | Acheron Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 35°52′08″N 230°52′23″E﻿ / ﻿35.869°N 230.873°E﻿ / 35.869; 230.873 |
2012-02-03 | 2011-12-04 | 61 | 16.1 | 1.0–3.1 | 1.8–16 | no | MRO | MRO | Aeolis | Avernus Cavi |  [ ⚑ ] 4°31′34″S 172°27′07″E﻿ / ﻿4.526°S 172.452°E﻿ / -4.526; 172.452 |
2012-02-18 | 2010-06-24 | 604 | 16.7 | 1.1–3.3 | 2.0–18 | no | MRO | MRO | Memnonia | Daedalia Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 1°45′04″S 221°17′38″E﻿ / ﻿1.751°S 221.294°E﻿ / -1.751; 221.294 |
2012-03-11 | 2010-04-02 | 708 | 21.2 | 1.4–4.2 | 4.5–40 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Tharsis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 15°56′31″N 248°36′47″E﻿ / ﻿15.942°N 248.613°E﻿ / 15.942; 248.613 |
2012-03-26 | 2011-12-26 | 91 | 24.2 | 1.6–4.9 | 6.9–62 | no | MRO | MRO | Mare Tyrrhenum | Terra Cimmeria |  [ ⚑ ] 14°25′59″S 132°42′00″E﻿ / ﻿14.433°S 132.700°E﻿ / -14.433; 132.700 |
2012-03-28 | 2012-03-27 | 0 | 48.7 | 3.6–11 | 71–640 | no | MRO | MRO | Amazonis | Amazonis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 3°21′00″N 219°24′14″E﻿ / ﻿3.350°N 219.404°E﻿ / 3.350; 219.404 |
2012-05-09 | 2010-03-07 | 793 | 19.6 | 1.3–3.9 | 3.4–31 | no | MRO | Express | Arabia | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 2°02′13″N 44°32′46″E﻿ / ﻿2.037°N 44.546°E﻿ / 2.037; 44.546 |
2012-05-16 | 2011-06-20 | 331 | 22.8 | 1.5–4.6 | 5.7–51 | no | MRO | MRO | Syrtis Major | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 3°40′48″N 53°25′41″E﻿ / ﻿3.680°N 53.428°E﻿ / 3.680; 53.428 |
2012-07-05 | 2010-08-29 | 675 | 16.1 | 1.0–3.1 | 1.8–16 | yes | MRO | MRO | Diacria | Erebus Montes |  [ ⚑ ] 39°06′32″N 190°15′11″E﻿ / ﻿39.109°N 190.253°E﻿ / 39.109; 190.253 |
2012-07-12 | 2010-05-12 | 792 | 15.3 | 0.99–3.0 | 1.5–14 | no | MRO | MRO | Arabia | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 28°36′11″N 36°51′18″E﻿ / ﻿28.603°N 36.855°E﻿ / 28.603; 36.855 |
2012-10-25 | 2010-08-26 | 791 | 18.1 | 1.2–3.6 | 2.6–24 | no | MRO | MRO | Syrtis Major | Syrtis Major Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 5°59′53″N 68°58′08″E﻿ / ﻿5.998°N 68.969°E﻿ / 5.998; 68.969 |
2013-02-11 | 2010-07-30 | 927 | 30.2 | 2.1–6.3 | 15–130 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Thaumasia | Solis Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 31°23′28″S 287°54′25″E﻿ / ﻿31.391°S 287.907°E﻿ / -31.391; 287.907 |
2013-06-08 | 2012-09-22 | 259 | 16.3 | 1.1–3.2 | 1.9–17 | no | MRO | MRO | Iapygia | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 6°55′26″S 66°56′49″E﻿ / ﻿6.924°S 66.947°E﻿ / -6.924; 66.947 |
2013-06-21 | 2010-05-29 | 1118 | 24.0 | 1.6–4.9 | 6.7–61 | no | MRO | MRO | Mare Tyrrhenum | Terra Cimmeria |  [ ⚑ ] 5°22′01″S 132°08′17″E﻿ / ﻿5.367°S 132.138°E﻿ / -5.367; 132.138 | 314 kilometers (195 mi) from
Curiosity rover (not yet landed?)
2013-09-28 | 2010-12-12 | 1021 | 18.0 | 1.2–3.5 | 2.6–23 | no | ? | ? | Elysium | Elysium Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 19°30′40″N 147°21′11″E﻿ / ﻿19.511°N 147.353°E﻿ / 19.511; 147.353 |
2014-02-06 | 2013-01-29 | 372 | 15.1 | 0.97–2.9 | 1.4–13 | no | MRO | MRO | Arcadia | Tempe Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 34°11′31″N 280°15′40″E﻿ / ﻿34.192°N 280.261°E﻿ / 34.192; 280.261 |
2014-02-19 | 2010-12-20 | 1157 | 24.0 | 1.6–4.9 | 6.7–61 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Arabia | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 14°51′00″N 43°53′35″E﻿ / ﻿14.850°N 43.893°E﻿ / 14.850; 43.893 |
2014-03-14 | 2011-03-17 | 1093 | 16.0 | 1.0–3.1 | 1.7–16 | no | MRO | MRO | Diacria | Amazonis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 32°17′28″N 212°56′53″E﻿ / ﻿32.291°N 212.948°E﻿ / 32.291; 212.948 |
2014-03-15 | 2011-02-15 | 1124 | 16.7 | 1.1–3.3 | 2.0–18 | no | MRO | Express | Arabia | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 29°12′14″N 22°10′37″E﻿ / ﻿29.204°N 22.177°E﻿ / 29.204; 22.177 |
2014-03-26 | 2012-02-16 | 768 | 15.7 | 1.0–3.0 | 1.6–15 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Phoenicis Lacus | Daedalia Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 13°25′01″S 225°54′00″E﻿ / ﻿13.417°S 225.900°E﻿ / -13.417; 225.900 |
2014-05-07 | 2011-03-20 | 1144 | 27.5 | 1.9–5.6 | 10–91 | no | MRO | Express | Amenthes | Isidis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 14°42′36″N 99°48′22″E﻿ / ﻿14.710°N 99.806°E﻿ / 14.710; 99.806 |
2014-05-23 | 2009-11-30 | 1635 | 15.3 | 0.99–3.0 | 1.5–14 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Lunae Palus | Sacra Dorsa |  [ ⚑ ] 8°12′04″N 290°26′02″E﻿ / ﻿8.201°N 290.434°E﻿ / 8.201; 290.434 |
2014-07-01 | 2011-04-04 | 1184 | 21.0 | 1.4–4.2 | 4.3–39 | no | MRO | Express | Tharsis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 6°15′14″N 264°26′38″E﻿ / ﻿6.254°N 264.444°E﻿ / 6.254; 264.444 |
2014-11-30 | 2013-05-13 | 565 | 15.8 | 1.0–3.1 | 1.7–15 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Tharsis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 8°38′06″N 239°25′37″E﻿ / ﻿8.635°N 239.427°E﻿ / 8.635; 239.427 |
2015-01-18 | 2011-06-06 | 1321 | 19.9 | 1.3–4.0 | 3.5–34 | no | MRO | MRO | Arabia | Arabia Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 27°39′25″N 11°35′49″E﻿ / ﻿27.657°N 11.597°E﻿ / 27.657; 11.597 |
2015-09-09 | 2013-08-02 | 768 | 21.8 | 1.5–4.4 | 4.9–44 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 13°07′19″N 244°11′20″E﻿ / ﻿13.122°N 244.189°E﻿ / 13.122; 244.189 |
2016-02-06 | 2011-08-01 | 1649 | 15.5 | 1.0–3.0 | 1.6–14 | no | MRO | MRO | Amazonis | Amazonis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 24°56′56″N 193°07′37″E﻿ / ﻿24.949°N 193.127°E﻿ / 24.949; 193.127 |
2016-04-15 | 2012-07-02 | 1383 | 16.3 | 1.1–3.2 | 1.9–17 | no | MRO | MRO | Elysium | Elysium Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 25°17′24″N 155°31′23″E﻿ / ﻿25.290°N 155.523°E﻿ / 25.290; 155.523 |
2016-05-28 | 2015-12-29 | 151 | 27.9 | 1.9–5.8 | 11–100 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Sulci Gordii |  [ ⚑ ] 16°39′32″N 233°17′02″E﻿ / ﻿16.659°N 233.284°E﻿ / 16.659; 233.284 |
2016-05-30 | 2013-08-07 | 1027 | 48.0 | 3.5–11 | 68–610 | yes | MRO | MRO | Ismenius Lacus | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 41°27′50″N 48°45′54″E﻿ / ﻿41.464°N 48.765°E﻿ / 41.464; 48.765 |
2016-06-02 | 2012-05-03 | 1491 | 16.0 | 1.0–3.1 | 1.7–16 | yes | MRO | MRO | Ismenius Lacus | Ismeniae Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 41°54′47″N 36°25′34″E﻿ / ﻿41.913°N 36.426°E﻿ / 41.913; 36.426 |
2016-07-22 | 2012-04-09 | 1564 | 18.2 | 1.2–3.6 | 2.7–24 | no | MRO | Express | Amenthes | Nepenthes Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 11°58′23″N 126°17′20″E﻿ / ﻿11.973°N 126.289°E﻿ / 11.973; 126.289 |
2016-09-10 | 2014-07-12 | 790 | 17.2 | 1.1–3.4 | 2.2–20 | no | MRO | MRO | Memnonia | Terra Sirenum |  [ ⚑ ] 15°37′55″S 181°04′16″E﻿ / ﻿15.632°S 181.071°E﻿ / -15.632; 181.071 | 321 kilometers (199 mi) from
Spirit rover (defunct).
2016-10-10 | 2012-07-15 | 1547 | 36.6 | 2.6–7.8 | 28–250 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Amazonis | Amazonis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 11°02′31″N 193°00′32″E﻿ / ﻿11.042°N 193.009°E﻿ / 11.042; 193.009 |
2016-11-19 | 2013-08-19 | 1187 | 15.6 | 1.0–3.0 | 1.6–14 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Elysium | Elysium Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 11°18′40″N 138°16′44″E﻿ / ﻿11.311°N 138.279°E﻿ / 11.311; 138.279 | 425 kilometres (264 mi) from
InSight (not yet landed).
2016-12-02 | 2012-12-27 | 1436 | 29.6 | 2.1–6.2 | 14–120 | no | MRO | MRO | Elysium | Marte Vallis |  [ ⚑ ] 7°48′25″N 176°27′04″E﻿ / ﻿7.807°N 176.451°E﻿ / 7.807; 176.451 |
2017-05-29 | 2013-09-08 | 1358 | 32.5 | 2.3–6.8 | 19–170 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 9°15′40″N 241°53′38″E﻿ / ﻿9.261°N 241.894°E﻿ / 9.261; 241.894 |
2017-10-01 | 2014-01-25 | 1345 | 19.5 | 1.3–3.9 | 3.4–30 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Olympus Mons |  [ ⚑ ] 14°41′56″N 227°22′08″E﻿ / ﻿14.699°N 227.369°E﻿ / 14.699; 227.369 |
2017-11-12 | 2015-12-02 | 710 | 15.7 | 1.0–3.0 | 1.6–15 | no | MRO | MRO | Syrtis Major | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 13°18′32″N 54°27′40″E﻿ / ﻿13.309°N 54.461°E﻿ / 13.309; 54.461 |
2018-01-11 | 2015-02-05 | 1070 | 17.5 | 1.1–3.4 | 2.3–21 | no | MRO | Odyssey | Ismenius Lacus | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 35°35′28″N 42°30′22″E﻿ / ﻿35.591°N 42.506°E﻿ / 35.591; 42.506 |
2018-03-19 | 2013-01-08 | 1895 | 19.1 | 1.3–3.8 | 3.2–28 | no | MRO | MRO | Memnonia | Daedalia Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 10°07′19″S 220°46′55″E﻿ / ﻿10.122°S 220.782°E﻿ / -10.122; 220.782 |
2018-04-29 | 2014-03-02 | 1519 | 23.3 | 1.6–4.7 | 6.1–55 | no | MRO | MRO | Syrtis Major | Isidis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 21°35′38″N 88°15′18″E﻿ / ﻿21.594°N 88.255°E﻿ / 21.594; 88.255 |
2018-05-06 | 2013-05-28 | 1803 | 23.7 | 1.6–4.8 | 6.5–58 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Ulysses Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 6°12′32″N 235°14′42″E﻿ / ﻿6.209°N 235.245°E﻿ / 6.209; 235.245 |
2018-05-11 | 2012-10-02 | 2047 | 15.6 | 1.0–3.0 | 1.6–14 | no | MRO | MRO | Sinus Sabaeus | Schiaparelli Crater |  [ ⚑ ] 2°52′01″S 16°11′56″E﻿ / ﻿2.867°S 16.199°E﻿ / -2.867; 16.199 |
2018-08-28 | 2016-10-24 | 672 | 15.6 | 1.0–3.0 | 1.6–14 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Biblis Tholus |  [ ⚑ ] 1°51′47″N 236°01′01″E﻿ / ﻿1.863°N 236.017°E﻿ / 1.863; 236.017 |
2018-09-14 | 2018-08-17 | 27 | 15.3 | 0.99–3.0 | 1.5–14 | no | MRO | MRO | Mare Australe | Promethei Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 81°29′28″S 41°20′56″E﻿ / ﻿81.491°S 41.349°E﻿ / -81.491; 41.349 |
2018-11-25 | 2013-08-22 | 1920 | 34.3 | 2.4–7.3 | 22–200 | no | MRO | MRO | Arabia | Terra Sabaea |  [ ⚑ ] 14°23′06″N 24°37′19″E﻿ / ﻿14.385°N 24.622°E﻿ / 14.385; 24.622 |
2018-11-26 | 2016-08-14 | 833 | 52.9 | 3.9–12 | 94–850 | no | MRO | MRO | Noachis | Noachis Terra |  [ ⚑ ] 34°38′56″S 35°58′01″E﻿ / ﻿34.649°S 35.967°E﻿ / -34.649; 35.967 |
2018-12-03 | 2014-04-03 | 1704 | 15.5 | 1.0–3.0 | 1.6–14 | no | MRO | MRO | Tharsis | Tharsis Rise |  [ ⚑ ] 1°54′36″N 264°09′29″E﻿ / ﻿1.910°N 264.158°E﻿ / 1.910; 264.158 |
2019-02-04 | 2017-11-29 | 432 | 17.3 | 1.1–3.4 | 2.2–20 | no | MRO | MRO | Coprates | Sinai Planum |  [ ⚑ ] 16°25′08″S 274°44′20″E﻿ / ﻿16.419°S 274.739°E﻿ / -16.419; 274.739 |
2019-06-02 | 2018-04-18 | 409 | 17.6 | 1.2–3.5 | 2.4–22 | no | MRO | MRO | Phoenicis Lacus | Noctis Labyrinthus |  [ ⚑ ] 7°22′44″S 258°13′44″E﻿ / ﻿7.379°S 258.229°E﻿ / -7.379; 258.229 |
2020-01-06 | 2019-10-15 | 83 | 20.8 | 1.4–4.2 | 4.2–38 | no | MRO | MRO | Margaritifer Sinus | Iazu Crater |  [ ⚑ ] 2°43′05″S 354°51′47″E﻿ / ﻿2.718°S 354.863°E﻿ / -2.718; 354.863 | 26 kilometers (16 mi) from
Opportunity rover (defunct).
74 kilometers (46 mi) from
Schiaparelli EDM (crashed).
2020-03-05 | 2019-05-25 | 285 | 22.5 | 1.5–4.5 | 5.3–48 | no | ? | ? | Elysium | Tartarus Colles |  [ ⚑ ] 21°28′41″N 173°16′12″E﻿ / ﻿21.478°N 173.27°E﻿ / 21.478; 173.27 |
2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | 0 | 11.9 | 0.75–2.2 | 0.65–5.9 | maybe | ? | ? | Elysium | Elysium Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 9°22′55″N 135°22′37″E﻿ / ﻿9.382°N 135.377°E﻿ / 9.382; 135.377 | Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 2.3 marsquake[15]
2020-06-28 | 2019-08-03 | 330 | 51.6 | 3.8–11 | 87–780 | no | MRO | MRO | Mare Australe | Planum Australe |  [ ⚑ ] 82°01′48″S 175°42′11″E﻿ / ﻿82.030°S 175.703°E﻿ / -82.030; 175.703 | 337 kilometers (209 mi) from
Mars Polar Lander (crashed).
2020-08-01 | 2017-09-15 | 1051 | 54.2 | 4.0–12 | 100–920 | no | MRO | Express | Amazonis | Amazonis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 23°34′59″N 206°52′16″E﻿ / ﻿23.583°N 206.871°E﻿ / 23.583; 206.871 |
2021-02-18 | 2021-02-18 | 0 | 3.9 | 0.22–0.65 | 0.016–0.14 | no | ? | ? | Amenthes | Elysium Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 4°36′22″N 134°05′13″E﻿ / ﻿4.606°N 134.087°E﻿ / 4.606; 134.087 | Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 1.4 marsquake[15]
2021-02-19 | 2021-02-19 | 0 | 21.5 | 1.4–4.3 | 4.7–42 | no | ? | ? | Elysium | Cerberus Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 9°28′30″N 163°01′37″E﻿ / ﻿9.475°N 163.027°E﻿ / 9.475; 163.027 | Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 2.8 marsquake[16]
2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | 0 | 7.2 | 0.43–1.3 | 0.12–1.1 | no | ? | ? | Elysium | Elysium Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 0°23′49″N 135°41′17″E﻿ / ﻿0.397°N 135.688°E﻿ / 0.397; 135.688 | Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 1.6 marsquake[15]
2021-09-05 | 2021-09-05 | 0 | 6.1 | 0.35–1.0 | 0.070–0.60 | no | MRO | ? | Elysium | Elysium Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 3°58′26″N 136°57′47″E﻿ / ﻿3.974°N 136.963°E﻿ / 3.974; 136.963 | Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 1.2 marsquake[17][15]
2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | 0 | 130 | 11–32 | 1900–17000 | no | MRO | MRO | Arcadia | Tempe Fossae |  [ ⚑ ] 34°48′N 280°07′E﻿ / ﻿34.80°N 280.12°E﻿ / 34.80; 280.12 | Detected by InSight[18]
2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | 0 | 150 | 12–37 | 3100–27000 | yes | MRO | MRO | Amazonis | Amazonis Planitia |  [ ⚑ ] 35°05′17″N 189°49′23″E﻿ / ﻿35.088°N 189.823°E﻿ / 35.088; 189.823 | Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 4 marsquake[8][19]

## Notes

1. ↑ As the exact impact date isn't known for most craters, the date provided here is midway between the last pre-impact image and the discovery image.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Assuming a meteor velocity of 5-15 km/s, an impact angle of 45°, and a density of 1-3 g/cm3

## See also

* Impact event
* Impact events on Jupiter
* Marsquake

## References

1. ↑ "NASA's InSight Lander Detects Stunning Meteoroid Impact on Mars". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) (NASA). https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-insight-lander-detects-stunning-meteoroid-impact-on-mars.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Daubar, Ingrid J. (2 June 2022). "New Craters on Mars: An Updated Catalog". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. doi:10.5281/zenodo.6604912. https://zenodo.org/record/6604912. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
3. ↑ Pyle, Rod (2012). Destination Mars. Prometheus Books. pp. 73–78. ISBN 978-1-61614-589-7. "It was the first spacecraft to enter orbit around another world. ... [It] continues to orbit Mars to this day, sailing around the planet deaf and dumb in the cold darkness."
4. ↑ "Viking 1 & 2 Orbiter Archive". https://atmos.nmsu.edu/data_and_services/atmospheres_data/MARS/vikingorbiter1.html.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Daubar, I. J.; Dundas, C. M.; McEwen, A. S.; Gao, A.; Wexler, D.; Piqueux, S.; Collins, G. S.; Miljkovic, K. et al. (1 July 2022). "New Craters on Mars: An Updated Catalog". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 127 (7). doi:10.1029/2021JE007145. ISSN 0148-0227. Bibcode: 2022JGRE..12707145D.
6. ↑ "NASA's InSight 'Hears' Its First Meteoroid Impacts on Mars". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) (NASA). 19 September 2022. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-insight-hears-its-first-meteoroid-impacts-on-mars.
7. ↑ Marcus, Robert; Melosh, H. Jay; Collins, Gareth. "Calculated Results (10 meter, 3 g/cm^3 meteor falling over Earth at 25 km/s vertically)". https://impact.ese.ic.ac.uk/ImpactEarth/cgi-bin/crater.cgi?dist=0.01&diam=10&pdens=3000&pdens_select=3000&vel=25&theta=90&tdens=2500&tdens_select=0.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Greicius, Tony (27 October 2022). "NASA's InSight Lander Detects Stunning Meteoroid Impact on Mars". NASA. https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/nasa-s-insight-lander-detects-stunning-meteoroid-impact-on-mars.
9. ↑ "Pow! Mars Hit By Space Rocks 200 Times a Year" (in en). Space.com. 20 May 2013. https://www.space.com/21198-mars-asteroid-strikes-common.html.
10. ↑ Burnham, R. (30 June 2011). "How often does Mars get whacked?". Red Planet Report (ASU). http://redplanet.asu.edu/?p=597.
11. ↑ Daubar, I.J.; McEwen, A.S.; Byrne, S.; Kennedy, M.R.; Ivanov, B. (July 2013). "The current martian cratering rate". Icarus 225 (1): 506–516. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2013.04.009. Bibcode: 2013Icar..225..506D. https://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~shane/publications/daubar_etal_icarus_2013.pdf. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 McEwen, A.; Daubar, I.; Ivanov, B.; Obest, J.; Malhotra, R.; JeongAhn, Y.; Byrne, S. (2015). "CURRENT IMPACT RATE ON EARTH, MOON, AND MARS.". Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 46. https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/1854.pdf. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
13. ↑ Bickel, V. T.; Daubar, I. J.; Zenhäusern, G.; Doran, G.; Charalambous, C.; Fernando, B.; Sokolowska, A.; Wagstaff, K. L. et al. (16 February 2025). "New Impacts on Mars: Systematic Identification and Association With InSight Seismic Events". Geophysical Research Letters 52 (3). doi:10.1029/2024GL109133. Bibcode: 2025GeoRL..5209133B.
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Asteroid Impact Crater Calculator - calculates the effects of the impact of an object hitting the earth". http://www.convertalot.com/asteroid_impact_calculator.html.
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 "NASA's InSight 'Hears' Its First Meteoroid Impacts on Mars". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) (NASA). https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-insight-hears-its-first-meteoroid-impacts-on-mars.
16. ↑ Charalambous, Constantinos; Pike, W. Thomas; Fernando, Benjamin; Wójcicka, Natalia; Kim, Doyeon; Froment, Marouchka; Lognonné, Philippe; Woodley, Savana et al. (16 February 2025). "New Impacts on Mars: Unraveling Seismic Propagation Paths Through a Cerberus Fossae Impact Detection". Geophysical Research Letters 52 (3). doi:10.1029/2024GL110159. Bibcode: 2025GeoRL..5210159C.
17. ↑ "InSight Detects an Impact for the First Time". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) (NASA). https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia25408-insight-detects-an-impact-for-the-first-time.
18. ↑ Posiolova, L. V.; Lognonné, P.; Banerdt, W. B.; Clinton, J.; Collins, G. S.; Kawamura, T.; Ceylan, S.; Daubar, I. J. et al. (28 October 2022). "Largest recent impact craters on Mars: Orbital imaging and surface seismic co-investigation". Science 378 (6618): 412–417. doi:10.1126/science.abq7704. PMID 36302013. Bibcode: 2022Sci...378..412P. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq7704. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
19. ↑ "Candidate Recent Impact Site (ESP_073077_2155)". https://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/ESP_073077_2155.

* v
* t
* e

Mars

Outline of Mars

Geography|

| Atmosphere|

* Circulation
* Climate
* Dust devil tracks
* Methane

|

Regions|

* Arabia Terra
* Cerberus (Mars)
* Cydonia
* Eridania Lake
* Iani Chaos
* Olympia Undae
* Planum Australe
* Planum Boreum
* Quadrangles
* Sinus Meridiani
* Tempe Terra
* Terra Cimmeria
* Terra Sabaea
* Tharsis
* Undae
* Ultimi Scopuli
* Vastitas Borealis

Physical
features|

* "Canals" (list)
* Canyons
* Catenae
* Chaos terrain
* Craters
* Fossae
* Gullies
* Mensae
* Labyrinthi
* Mountains
* by height
* Observed rocks
* Outflow channels
* Plains
* Valley network
* Valleys
* Gravity

Geology|

* Brain terrain
* Carbonates
* Chaos terrain
* Color
* Composition
* Concentric crater fill
* Dark slope streak
* Dichotomy
* Fretted terrain
* Geysers
* Glaciers
* Groundwater
* Gullies
* Lakes
* Lava tubes
* Lobate debris apron
* Marsquake
* Meteorites
* on Earth
* on Mars
* Mud cracks
* North Polar Basin
* Ocean hypothesis
* Ore resources
* Polar caps
* Recurring slope lineae (RSL)
* Ring mold craters
* Rootless cones
* Seasonal flows
* Soil
* Spherules
* Surface
* "Swiss cheese" feature
* Terrain softening
* Tharsis bulge
* Volcanology
* Water
* Yardangs

History|

* Amazonian
* Hesperian
* Noachian
* Observation history
* Classical albedo features

Astronomy|

| Moons|

* Phobos
* Stickney crater
* Monolith
* Deimos
* Swift crater
* Voltaire crater

|

Transits|

* Solar eclipses on Mars
* Satellite transits
* Phobos
* Deimos
* Planetary transits
* Earth
* Mercury

Asteroids|

* Mars-crossers
* 2007 WD5
* Trojans
* 5261 Eureka
* 1998 VF31
* 1999 UJ7
* 2007 NS2

Comets|

* C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) (Mars close approach, 19 Oct 2014)

Exploration|

| Concepts|

* Flyby
* Orbiter
* Landing
* Rover
* Sample return
* Human mission
* Permanent settlement
* Colonization
* Terraforming

|

Missions|

* List of missions to Mars

Advocacy|

* The Mars Project
* The Case for Mars
* Inspiration Mars Foundation
* Mars Institute
* Mars Society
* Mars race

Related|

* Artificial objects on Mars
* Memorials on Mars
* Fiction
* List of films set on Mars
* Martian
* Martian scientist
* Mythology
* Phobos and Deimos in fiction
* Flag of Mars
* Life on Mars
* Sub-Earth
* Timekeeping on Mars
* Darian calendar

* Book
* Category

* v
* t
* e

Modern impact events

On Earth|

| Pre-2000|

* 1490 Ch'ing-yang
* 1783 Great Meteor
* 1860 Great Meteor
* 1896 Madrid Meteor
* 1908 Tunguska
* 1913 Great Meteor Procession
* 1930 Curuçá River
* 1938 Chicora meteor
* 1947 Sikhote-Alin meteorite
* 1969 Murchison meteorite
* 1972 Great Daylight Fireball
* 1990 Earth-grazing meteoroid

|

Post-2000|

* 2002 Eastern Mediterranean
* 2002 Vitim
* 2007 Carancas
* 2008 TC3 impact
* 2008 Buzzard Coulee meteorite
* 2009 Sulawesi superbolide
* 2012 Sutter's Mill meteorite
* 2012 UK meteoroid
* 2012 Novato meteorite
* 2013 Chelyabinsk meteor
* Chelyabinsk meteorite
* 2014 AA impact
* 2014 Ontario fireball
* 2015 Kerala meteorite
* 2015 Thailand bolide
* WT1190F impact
* 2017 China bolide
* 2018 LA impact
* 2018 Kamchatka meteor
* 2019 MO impact

On Jupiter|

* 1994 Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9
* 2009 Jupiter impact
* 2010 Jupiter impact

Lists|

* Asteroid close approaches to Earth
* Comets
* Bolides
* Meteor air bursts
* Meteorite falls
* Minor planets
* crossing Earth's orbit

See also|

* Asteroid impact prediction
* Asteroid impact avoidance
* Bolide
* Earth-grazing fireball
* Meteor procession
* Meteor shower
* Meteorite
* Meteoroid
* Near-Earth object
* Potentially hazardous object

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact events on Mars. Read more

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