Outline of fluid dynamics

Short description: Aspects of fluid mechanics involving flow of fluids—liquids and gases

\--> The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to fluid dynamics:

Below is a structured list of topics in fluid dynamics.

## Contents

* 1 What type of thing is fluid dynamics?
* 2 Branches of fluid dynamics
* 3 History of fluid dynamics
* 4 Mathematical equations and concepts
* 5 Types of fluid flow
* 6 Fluid properties
* 7 Fluid phenomena
* 8 Concepts in aerodynamics
* 9 Fluid dynamics research
* 9.1 Methods used in fluid dynamics research
* 9.2 Tools used in fluid dynamics research
* 10 Applications of fluid dynamics
* 10.1 Fluid dynamics organizations
* 11 Fluid dynamics publications
* 11.1 Books on fluid dynamics
* 11.2 Journals pertaining to fluid dynamics
* 12 Persons influential in fluid dynamics
* 13 Miscellaneous concepts
* 14 See also
* 15 References
* 16 External links

## What type of thing is fluid dynamics?

Fluid dynamics can be described as all of the following:

* An academic discipline – one with academic departments, curricula and degrees; national and international societies; and specialized journals.
* A scientific field (a branch of science) – widely recognized category of specialized expertise within science, and typically embodies its own terminology and nomenclature. Such a field will usually be represented by one or more scientific journals, where peer-reviewed research is published.
* A natural science – one that seeks to elucidate the rules that govern the natural world using empirical and scientific methods.
* A physical science – one that studies non-living systems.
* A branch of physics – study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force.
* A branch of mechanics – area of mathematics and physics concerned with the relationships between force, matter, and motion among physical objects.
* A branch of continuum mechanics – subject that models matter without using the information that it is made out of atoms; that is, it models matter from a macroscopic viewpoint rather than from microscopic.
* A subdiscipline of fluid mechanics – branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) and the forces on them.
* A biological science – field that studies the role of physical processes in living organisms. For an example of a biological area involving fluid dynamics, see hemodynamics.

## Branches of fluid dynamics

* Acoustic theory
* Aerodynamics
* Aeroelasticity
* Aeronautics
* Astrophysical fluid dynamics
* Computational fluid dynamics - Analysis and solving of problems that involve fluid flows
* Flow measurement - Quantification of bulk fluid movement
* Geophysical fluid dynamics
* Hemodynamics
* Hydraulics
* Hydrology
* Hydrostatics
* Electrohydrodynamics
* Magnetohydrodynamics
* Topological fluid dynamics
* Quantum hydrodynamics

## History of fluid dynamics

Further information: Physics:Timeline of fluid and continuum mechanics

History of fluid dynamics

## Mathematical equations and concepts

* Airy wave theory
* Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation
* Boussinesq approximation (water waves) - Approximation valid for weakly non-linear and fairly long waves
* Boundary conditions in fluid dynamics - Constraints to computational problems
* Boundary conditions in computational fluid dynamics
* Elementary flow
* Euler equations (fluid dynamics) - Set of quasilinear hyperbolic equations governing adiabatic and inviscid flow
* Relativistic Euler equations - Generalization of Euler equations
* Helmholtz's theorems
* Kirchhoff equations
* Knudsen equation
* Manning equation
* Mild-slope equation - Physics phenomenon and formula
* Morison equation - Equation for force on an object in sea waves
* Navier–Stokes equations
* Oseen flow
* Poiseuille's law
* Pressure head
* Rayleigh's equation (fluid dynamics)
* Stokes stream function
* Stream function - Function for incompressible divergence-free flows in two dimensions
* Streamlines, streaklines and pathlines
* Torricelli's Law

## Types of fluid flow

* Aerodynamic force
* Convection
* Cavitation
* Compressible flow
* Couette flow
* Effusive limit
* Free molecular flow
* Incompressible flow
* Inviscid flow
* Isothermal flow
* Open channel flow
* Pipe flow
* Pressure-driven flow
* Secondary flow
* Stream thrust averaging - Process to convert 3D flow into 1D
* Superfluidity
* Transient flow
* Two-phase flow

## Fluid properties

* List of hydrodynamic instabilities
* Newtonian fluid
* Non-Newtonian fluid
* Surface tension
* Vapour pressure

## Fluid phenomena

* Balanced flow
* Boundary layer - Layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface
* Coanda effect
* Convection cell
* Convergence/Bifurcation - Linear map that preserves areas
* Darwin drift
* Drag (force)
* Droplet vaporization
* Hydrodynamic stability
* Kaye effect
* Lift (force)
* Magnus effect
* Ocean current
* Ocean surface waves
* Rossby wave - Inertial wave in rotating fluids
* Shock wave
* Soliton
* Stokes drift
* Teapot effect
* Thread breakup
* Turbulent jet breakup
* Upstream contamination
* Venturi effect
* Vortex
* Water hammer
* Wave drag
* Wind

## Concepts in aerodynamics

* Aileron
* Airplane
* Angle of attack
* Banked turn
* Bernoulli's principle - Principle relating to fluid dynamics
* Bilgeboard
* Boomerang
* Centerboard
* Chord (aircraft)
* Circulation control wing
* Currentology
* Diving plane
* Downforce
* Drag coefficient
* Fin
* Flipper (anatomy)
* Flow separation
* Foil (fluid mechanics)
* Fluid coupling
* Gas kinetics
* Hydrofoil
* Keel (hydrodynamic)
* Küssner effect
* Kutta condition
* Kutta–Joukowski theorem
* Lift coefficient
* Lift-induced drag
* Lift-to-drag ratio
* Lifting-line theory
* NACA airfoil
* Newton's third law
* Propeller
* Pump
* Rudder
* Sail (aerodynamics)
* Skeg
* Sound barrier
* Spoiler (automotive)
* Stall (flight)
* Supersonic flow over a flat plate
* Surfboard fin
* Surface science
* Torque converter
* Trim tab
* Wing
* Wingtip vortices

## Fluid dynamics research

* Fluid dynamics journals

### Methods used in fluid dynamics research

* Finite volume method for unsteady flow
* Flow visualization - Visualization technique in fluid dynamics
* Immersed boundary method - Method in computational fluid dynamics
* Projection method (fluid dynamics) - Method for numerically solving time-dependent incompressible fluid-flow problems
* Seeding (fluid dynamics)

### Tools used in fluid dynamics research

* Peniche (fluid dynamics)
* Rotating tank

## Applications of fluid dynamics

* Acoustics
* Aerodynamics
* Cryosphere science
* EFDC Explorer
* Fluidics
* Fluid power
* Geodynamics
* Hydraulic machinery
* Meteorology
* Naval architecture
* Oceanography
* Plasma physics
* Pneumatics
* 3D computer graphics - Graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data

### Fluid dynamics organizations

Further information: Biology:List of biofluid mechanics research groups

* Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics
* Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization

## Fluid dynamics publications

### Books on fluid dynamics

* Publications in fluid dynamics throughout history
* An Album of Fluid Motion (1982)

### Journals pertaining to fluid dynamics

* Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
* Journal of Fluid Mechanics
* Physics of Fluids
* Physical Review Fluids
* Experiments in Fluids
* European Journal of Mechanics B: Fluids
* Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics
* Computers and Fluids
* International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids
* Flow, Turbulence and Combustion

## Persons influential in fluid dynamics

Contributors to the field of fluid dynamics in turn come from a wide array of fields, and in addition to their other titles, each is also a fluid dynamicist. Following is a list of notable fluid dynamicists:

* Snezhana Abarzhi
* John Abraham
* H. Norman Abramson
* David Acheson
* Andreas Acrivos
* Noreen Sher Akbar
* Silas D. Alben
* Jean le Rond d'Alembert
* Hannes Alfvén
* John D. Anderson
* Elephter Andronikashvili
* Shelley Anna
* Archimedes
* Hassan Aref
* Vladimir Arnold
* Amedeo Avogadro
* Ralph Bagnold
* Boris Bakhmeteff
* Donát Bánki
* Grigory Barenblatt
* Dwight Barkley
* Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant
* Alfred Barnard Basset
* George Batchelor
* Harry Bateman
* Francine Battaglia
* Jurjen Battjes
* Henri-Émile Bazin
* James Thomas Beale
* Adrian Bejan
* Josette Bellan
* Henri Bénard
* Brooke Benjamin
* David Benney
* Frank H. Berkshire
* Natalia Berloff
* Daniel Bernoulli
* Johann Bernoulli
* Andrea Bertozzi
* W. H. Besant
* Albert Betz
* Eugene C. Bingham
* Jean-Baptiste Biot
* Robert Byron Bird
* Garrett Birkhoff
* Paul Richard Heinrich Blasius
* Tobias de Boer
* Ludwig Boltzmann
* Wilfrid Noel Bond
* Joseph Valentin Boussinesq
* Robert Boyle
* Peter Bradshaw (aeronautical engineer)
* Francis Bretherton
* John D. Buckmaster
* Gerald Bull
* Jan Burgers
* Adolf Busemann
* Sébastien Candel
* Isabelle Cantat
* Silvana Cardoso
* Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot
* George F. Carrier
* Claudia Cenedese
* Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
* Hubert Chanson
* Jacques Charles
* Jean-Yves Chemin
* Thomas H. Chilton
* Alexandre Chorin
* Demetrios Christodoulou
* Chia-Kun Chu
* Émile Clapeyron
* John Frederick Clarke
* Rudolf Clausius
* Paul Clavin
* Nicolas Clément
* Julian Cole
* Adrian Constantin
* Stanley Corrsin
* Maurice Couette
* Richard Courant
* David Crighton
* Mimi Dai
* Stuart Dalziel
* Gerhard Damköhler
* Henry Darcy
* Georges Jean Marie Darrieus
* Stephen H. Davis
* William Reginald Dean
* Lokenath Debnath
* Subhasish Dey
* Satish Dhawan
* Rudolf Diesel
* Ronald DiPerna
* Charles R. Doering
* David Dolidze
* Philip Drazin
* Hugh Latimer Dryden
* Elizabeth B. Dussan V.
* Ernst R. G. Eckert
* Vagn Walfrid Ekman
* Simen Ådnøy Ellingsen
* Loránd Eötvös
* Jerald Ericksen
* R. Cengiz Ertekin
* Leonhard Euler
* David Evans (mathematician)
* Amir Faghri
* Gino Girolamo Fanno
* Eduard Feireisl
* Antonio Ferri
* John Ffowcs Williams
* Bruce A. Finlayson
* Irmgard Flügge-Lotz
* Emanuele Foà
* Hermann Föttinger
* Joseph Fourier
* James B. Francis
* David A. Frank-Kamenetskii
* François Frenkiel
* Uriel Frisch
* Robert Edmund Froude
* William Froude
* Mohamed Gad-el-Hak
* Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
* Israel Gelfand
* William K. George
* Morteza Gharib
* Alan Jeffrey Giacomin
* Josiah Willard Gibbs
* Adrian Gill (meteorologist)
* Pierre-Simon Girard
* Hermann Glauert
* James Glimm
* Sergei Godunov
* Sydney Goldstein
* Alexander Gorlov
* Leo Graetz
* Franz Grashof
* Albert E. Green
* Harvey P. Greenspan
* Marina Guenza
* Max Gunzburger
* Wolfgang Haack
* Gotthilf Hagen
* Georg Hamel
* Thomas Henry Havelock
* Wallace D. Hayes
* Peter H. Haynes
* Werner Heisenberg
* Henry Selby Hele-Shaw
* Hermann von Helmholtz
* John Hinch (mathematician)
* Julius Oscar Hinze
* Hans G. Hornung
* Leslie Howarth
* Pierre Henri Hugoniot
* Herbert Huppert
* Fazle Hussain
* M. Yousuff Hussaini
* Caius Iacob
* Antony Jameson
* James Jeans
* George Barker Jeffery
* Daniel D. Joseph
* James Prescott Joule
* Viktor Kaplan
* Béla Karlovitz
* Theodore von Kármán
* Lord Kelvin
* Earle Hesse Kennard
* Gustav Kirchhoff
* Alexander Kiselev (mathematician)
* Martin Knudsen
* Andrey Kolmogorov
* Ludwig Kort
* Diederik Korteweg
* Leslie Stephen George Kovasznay
* Robert Kraichnan
* Martin Kutta
* Olga Ladyzhenskaya
* Paco Lagerstrom
* Horace Lamb
* Lev Landau
* Pierre-Simon Laplace
* Boris Laschka
* Brian Launder
* Gustaf de Laval
* Chung K. Law
* Peter Lax
* L. Gary Leal
* Leonid Leibenson
* Leonardo da Vinci
* Tullio Levi-Civita
* Veniamin Levich
* Bernard Lewis (scientist)
* Warren K. Lewis
* Paul A. Libby
* Wolfgang Liebe
* Hans W. Liepmann
* Evgeny Lifshitz
* Edwin N. Lightfoot
* James Lighthill
* Chia-Chiao Lin
* Amable Liñán
* Paul Linden
* Anke Lindner
* Michael S. Longuet-Higgins
* Lu Shijia
* Geoffrey S. S. Ludford
* John L. Lumley
* Thomas S. Lundgren
* Ernst Mach
* Charles L. Mader
* Andrew Majda
* Carlo Marangoni
* Frank E. Marble
* Moshe Matalon (engineer)
* Tony Maxworthy
* John B. McCormick
* Trevor McDougall
* Beverley McKeon
* Chiang C. Mei
* Charles Meneveau
* Theodor Meyer
* Anthony Michell
* John W. Miles
* Laura Miller (mathematical biologist)
* L. M. Milne-Thomson
* Richard von Mises
* Keith Moffatt
* Parviz Moin
* Andrei Monin
* Lewis Ferry Moody
* Rose Morton
* Samar Mubarakmand
* Walter Munk
* Morris Muskat
* Roddam Narasimha
* Claude-Louis Navier
* Paul Neményi
* John von Neumann
* Isaac Newton
* Nhan Phan-Thien
* Wilhelm Nusselt
* Morrough Parker O'Brien
* John Ockendon
* Hisashi Okamoto
* Steven Orszag
* Carl Wilhelm Oseen
* Simon Ostrach
* Mariolina Padula
* Stoycho Panchev
* Blaise Pascal
* Jean Claude Eugène Péclet
* Tim Pedley
* Joseph Pedlosky
* Lester Allan Pelton
* Stanford S. Penner
* Howell Peregrine
* Adriana Pesci
* Charles S. Peskin
* Norbert Peters (engineer)
* Henri Pitot
* Joseph Plateau
* Milton S. Plesset
* Henri Poincaré
* Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille
* Siméon Denis Poisson
* Stephen B. Pope
* Constantine Pozrikidis
* Ludwig Prandtl
* Andrea Prosperetti
* Joseph Proudman
* Seth Putterman
* William Rankine
* John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh
* Theodor Rehbock
* Markus Reiner
* Osborne Reynolds
* William Craig Reynolds
* Dimitri Riabouchinsky
* Lewis Fry Richardson
* Robert D. Richtmyer
* Norman Riley (professor)
* Petre Roman
* Louis Rosenhead
* Anatol Roshko
* Carl-Gustaf Rossby
* Hunter Rouse
* John Scott Russell
* Philip Saffman
* Stephen Salter
* Ralph Allan Sampson
* Hermann Schlichting
* James Serrin
* Tasneem M. Shah
* P. N. Shankar
* Ascher H. Shapiro
* Beverley Shenstone
* Thomas Kilgore Sherwood
* Albert F. Shields
* Max Shiffman
* Wei Shyy
* Gregory Sivashinsky
* Apollo M. O. Smith
* Frank T. Smith
* Arnold Sommerfeld
* Andrew Soward
* Brian Spalding
* Ephraim M. Sparrow
* Charles Speziale
* Herbert Squire
* K. R. Sreenivasan
* Paul H. Steen
* Josef Stefan
* Keith Stewartson
* Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet
* Yvonne Stokes
* Howard A. Stone
* Vincenc Strouhal
* John Trevor Stuart
* G. I. Taylor
* Roger Temam
* Hendrik Tennekes
* Walter Tollmien
* Albert Alan Townsend
* David Tritton
* Viktor Trkal
* Clifford Truesdell
* Gretar Tryggvason
* Ernie Tuck
* Laurette Tuckerman
* Stewart Turner
* Fritz Ursell
* Victor Vâlcovici
* Milton Van Dyke
* Henri Villat
* Ricardo Vinuesa
* Gustav de Vries
* John V. Wehausen
* Julius Weisbach
* Karl Weissenberg
* Richard T. Whitcomb
* Frank M. White
* Gerald B. Whitham
* Forman A. Williams
* John R. Womersley
* Theodore Y. Wu
* Akiva Yaglom
* Chia-Shun Yih
* Z. Jane Wang
* Yakov Zeldovich
* Yuwen Zhang
* Nikolay Zhukovsky (scientist)

## Miscellaneous concepts

These topics need placement in the sections above, or in new sections.

* Beta plane
* Bridge scour
* Isosurface
* Keulegan–Carpenter number
* Entrance length (fluid dynamics)
* Modon (fluid dynamics)
* Shock (fluid dynamics)
* Eddy (fluid dynamics)
* Non ideal compressible fluid dynamics
* Plume (fluid dynamics)
* Stall (fluid dynamics)

## See also

## References

## External links

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