List of Neotropic ecoregions by bioregion

## Contents

* 1 Amazonia bioregion
* 1.1 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
* 1.2 Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
* 1.3 Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
* 2 Caribbean bioregion
* 2.1 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
* 2.2 Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
* 2.3 Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests
* 2.4 Flooded grasslands and savannas
* 2.5 Deserts and xeric shrublands
* 3 Central America bioregion
* 3.1 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
* 3.2 Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
* 3.3 Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests
* 3.4 Flooded grasslands and savannas
* 3.5 Montane grasslands and shrublands
* 3.6 Deserts and xeric shrublands
* 4 Central Andes
* 4.1 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
* 4.2 Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
* 4.3 Montane grasslands and shrublands
* 4.4 Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
* 4.5 Deserts and xeric shrublands
* 5 Eastern South America
* 5.1 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
* 5.2 Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
* 5.3 Flooded grasslands and savannas
* 5.4 Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
* 5.5 Deserts and xeric shrublands
* 6 Northern Andes
* 6.1 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
* 6.2 Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
* 6.3 Flooded grasslands and savannas
* 6.4 Montane grasslands and shrublands
* 6.5 Deserts and xeric shrublands
* 7 Orinoco bioregion
* 7.1 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
* 7.2 Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
* 7.3 Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
* 7.4 Flooded grasslands and savannas
* 7.5 Deserts and xeric shrublands
* 8 Southern South America
* 8.1 Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
* 8.2 Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
* 8.3 Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
* 9 South Florida
* 9.1 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
* 9.2 Flooded grasslands and savannas
* 10 Mangrove
* 10.1 Tropical Atlantic
* 10.1.1 Gulf of Mexico
* 10.1.2 Yucatán Peninsula
* 10.1.3 Atlantic Central America
* 10.1.4 West Indies
* 10.1.5 Continental Caribbean
* 10.1.6 Amazon-Orinoco-Maranhao
* 10.1.7 Northeast Brazil
* 10.1.8 Southeast Brazil
* 10.2 Tropical Eastern Pacific
* 10.2.1 Sea of Cortez
* 10.2.2 Southern Mexico
* 10.2.3 Pacific Central America
* 10.2.4 Pacific South America
* 10.2.5 Galápagos Islands
* 11 References
* 12 See also

## Amazonia bioregion

### Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

* Caqueta moist forests (Brazil, Colombia)
* Guianan moist forests (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
* Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests (Brazil, Venezuela)
* Gurupa várzea (Brazil)
* Iquitos várzea (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru)
* Japurá-Solimões-Negro moist forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)
* Juruá-Purus moist forests (Brazil)
* Madeira-Tapajós moist forests (Bolivia, Brazil)
* Marajó várzea (Brazil)
* Maranhão Babaçu forests (Brazil)
* Mato Grosso tropical dry forests (Brazil)
* Monte Alegre várzea (Brazil)
* Napo moist forests (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
* Negro-Branco moist forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)
* Paramaribo swamp forests (Guyana, Suriname)
* Purus várzea (Brazil)
* Purus-Madeira moist forests (Brazil)
* Rio Negro campinarana (Brazil, Colombia)
* Solimões-Japurá moist forest (Brazil, Colombia, Peru)
* Southwest Amazon moist forests (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru)
* Tapajós-Xingu moist forests (Brazil)
* Tocantins-Araguaia-Maranhão moist forests (Brazil)
* Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname)
* Ucayali moist forests (Peru)
* Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests (Brazil)

### Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

* Chiquitano dry forests (Bolivia, Brazil)

### Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

* Beni savanna (Bolivia Brazil, Peru)
* Guianan savanna (Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela)

## Caribbean bioregion

### Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

* Cuban moist forests (Cuba)
* Hispaniolan moist forests (Dominican Republic, Haiti)
* Jamaican moist forests (Jamaica)
* Leeward Islands moist forests (Antigua, British Virgin Islands, Guadeloupe, Montserrat, Nevis, Saint Kitts)
* Puerto Rican moist forests (Puerto Rico)
* Windward Islands moist forests (Dominica, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)

### Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

* Bahamian dry forests (The Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands)
* Cayman Islands dry forests (Cayman Islands)
* Cuban dry forests (Cuba)
* Hispaniolan dry forests (Dominican Republic, Haiti)
* Jamaican dry forests (Jamaica)
* Leeward Islands dry forests (Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles)
* Puerto Rican dry forests (Puerto Rico)
* Windward Islands dry forests (Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)

### Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests

* Bahamian pineyards (The Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands)
* Cuban pine forests (Cuba)
* Hispaniolan pine forests (Dominican Republic, Haiti)

### Flooded grasslands and savannas

* Cuban wetlands (Cuba)
* Enriquillo wetlands (Dominican Republic, Haiti)

### Deserts and xeric shrublands

* Cayman Islands xeric scrub (Cayman Islands)
* Cuban cactus scrub (Cuba)
* Leeward Islands xeric scrub (Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, British Virgin Islands, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin, Saint Barthelemy, Saba, US Virgin Islands)
* Windward Islands xeric scrub (Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)

## Central America bioregion

### Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

* Cocos Island moist forests (Costa Rica)
* Costa Rican seasonal moist forests (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)
* Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests (Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama)
* Isthmian-Pacific moist forests (Costa Rica, Panama)
* Oaxacan montane forests (Mexico)
* Pantanos de Centla (Mexico)
* Petén-Veracruz moist forests (Mexico)
* Sierra de los Tuxtlas (Mexico)
* Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forest (El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico)
* Talamancan montane forests (Costa Rica, Panama)
* Veracruz moist forests (Mexico)
* Veracruz montane forests (Mexico)
* Yucatán moist forests (Belize, Guatemala, Mexico)

### Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

* Bajío dry forests (Mexico)
* Balsas dry forests (Mexico)
* Central American dry forests (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua)
* Chiapas Depression dry forests (Guatemala, Mexico)
* Jalisco dry forests (Mexico)
* Panamanian dry forests (Panama)
* Revillagigedo Islands dry forests (Mexico)
* Sierra de la Laguna dry forests (Mexico)
* Sinaloan dry forests (Mexico)
* Southern Pacific dry forests (Mexico)
* Veracruz dry forests (Mexico)
* Yucatán dry forests (Mexico)

### Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests

* Belizean pine forests (Belize)
* Central American pine-oak forests (El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua)
* Miskito pine forests (Honduras, Nicaragua)
* Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests (Mexico)
* Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests (Mexico)
* Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests (Mexico)
* Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests (Mexico)

### Flooded grasslands and savannas

* Central Mexican wetlands (Mexico)

### Montane grasslands and shrublands

* Talamancan páramo (Costa Rica, Panama)
* Zacatonal (Mexico)

### Deserts and xeric shrublands

* Motagua Valley thornscrub (Guatemala)
* San Lucan xeric scrub (Mexico)
* Tehuacán Valley matorral (Mexico)

## Central Andes

### Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

* Bolivian Yungas (Bolivia, Peru)
* Peruvian Yungas (Peru)
* Southern Andean Yungas (Argentina , Bolivia)

### Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

* Bolivian montane dry forests (Bolivia)

### Montane grasslands and shrublands

* Central Andean dry puna (Argentina , Bolivia, Chile )
* Central Andean puna (Argentina , Bolivia, Peru)
* Central Andean wet puna (Bolivia, Peru)
* Cordillera Central páramo (Ecuador, Peru)

### Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub

* Chilean Matorral (Chile )

### Deserts and xeric shrublands

* Atacama desert (Chile , Peru)
* Sechura desert (Peru)

## Eastern South America

### Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

* Araucaria moist forests (Argentina , Brazil)
* Atlantic Coast restingas (Brazil)
* Bahia coastal forests (Brazil)
* Bahia interior forests (Brazil)
* Caatinga enclaves moist forests (Brazil)
* Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests (Brazil)
* Northeastern Brazil restingas (Brazil)
* Parañá-Paraíba interior forests (Argentina , Brazil, Paraguay)
* Pernambuco coastal forests (Brazil)
* Pernambuco interior forests (Brazil)
* Serra do Mar coastal forests (Brazil)
* Trinidade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests (Brazil)

### Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

* Atlantic dry forests (Brazil)
* Chaco (Argentina , Bolivia, Paraguay)

### Flooded grasslands and savannas

* Pantanal (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
* Paraná flooded savanna (Argentina )
* Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna (Argentina )

### Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

* Arid Chaco (Argentina )
* Campos rupestres (Brazil)
* Cerrado (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
* Córdoba montane savanna (Argentina )
* Humid Chaco (Argentina , Brazil, Paraguay)

### Deserts and xeric shrublands

* Caatinga (Brazil)
* Saint Peter and Saint Paul rocks (Brazil)

## Northern Andes

### Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

* Catatumbo moist forests (Venezuela)
* Cauca Valley montane forests (Colombia)
* Chocó-Darién moist forests (Colombia, Ecuador, Panama)
* Cordillera Oriental montane forests (Colombia, Venezuela)
* Eastern Panamanian montane forests (Colombia, Panama)
* Eastern Cordillera Real montane forests (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
* Magdalena Valley montane forests (Colombia)
* Magdalena-Urabá moist forests (Colombia)
* Northwestern Andean montane forests (Colombia, Ecuador)
* Santa Marta montane forests (Colombia)
* Cordillera de la Costa montane forests (Colombia, Venezuela)
* Western Ecuador moist forests (Colombia, Ecuador)

### Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

* Apure-Villavicencio dry forests (Venezuela)
* Cauca Valley dry forests (Colombia)
* Ecuadorian dry forests (Ecuador)
* Lara-Falcón dry forests (Venezuela)
* Magdalena Valley dry forests (Colombia)
* Maracaibo dry forests (Venezuela)
* Marañón dry forests (Peru)
* Patía Valley dry forests (Colombia)
* Sinú Valley dry forests (Colombia)
* Tumbes-Piura dry forests (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)

### Flooded grasslands and savannas

* Guayaquil flooded grasslands (Ecuador)

### Montane grasslands and shrublands

* Cordillera de Mérida páramo (Venezuela)
* Northern Andean páramo (Colombia, Ecuador)
* Santa Marta páramo (Colombia)

### Deserts and xeric shrublands

* Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub (Colombia, Venezuela)
* Malpelo Island xeric scrub (Colombia)
* Paraguana xeric scrub (Venezuela)

## Orinoco bioregion

### Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

* Cordillera La Costa montane forests (Venezuela)
* Guayanan Highlands moist forests (Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
* Orinoco Delta swamp forests (Guyana, Venezuela)
* Tepuis (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
* Trinidad and Tobago moist forests (Trinidad and Tobago)

### Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

* Trinidad and Tobago dry forests (Trinidad and Tobago)

### Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

* Llanos (Colombia, Venezuela)

### Flooded grasslands and savannas

* Orinoco wetlands (Venezuela)

### Deserts and xeric shrublands

* Araya and Paria xeric scrub (Venezuela)
* Aruba-Curaçao-Bonaire cactus scrub (Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao)
* La Costa xeric shrublands (Venezuela)

## Southern South America

### Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests

* Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests (Chile )
* Magellanic subpolar forests (Argentina , Chile )
* San Felix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests (Desventuradas Islands) (Chile )
* Valdivian temperate rain forests (Argentina , Chile )

### Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

* Uruguayan savanna (Argentina , Brazil, Uruguay)

### Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

* Argentine Espinal (Argentina )
* Argentine Monte (Argentina )
* Humid Pampa (Argentina )
* Patagonian grasslands (Argentina , Chile )
* Patagonian steppe (Argentina , Chile )
* Semi-arid Pampa (Argentina )

## South Florida

### Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

* South Florida rocklands (United States)

### Flooded grasslands and savannas

* Everglades (United States)

## Mangrove

### Tropical Atlantic

#### Gulf of Mexico

* Alvarado mangroves (Mexico)
* Usumacinta mangroves (Mexico)

#### Yucatán Peninsula

* Belizean Coast mangroves (Belize)
* Belizean Reef mangroves (Belize)
* Petenes mangroves (Mexico)
* Ría Lagartos mangroves (Mexico)
* Mayan Corridor mangroves (Mexico)

#### Atlantic Central America

* Bocas del Toro-San Bastimentos Island-San Blas mangroves (Costa Rica, Panama)
* Mosquitia-Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast mangroves (Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua)
* Northern Honduras mangroves (Guatemala, Honduras)
* Rio Negro-Rio San Sun mangroves (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)

#### West Indies

* Bahamian mangroves (Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands)
* Greater Antilles mangroves (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico)
* Lesser Antilles mangroves (Lesser Antilles)

#### Continental Caribbean

* Coastal Venezuelan mangroves (Venezuela)
* Magdalena-Santa Marta mangroves (Colombia)

#### Amazon-Orinoco-Maranhao

* Amapá mangroves (Brazil)
* Guianan mangroves (French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
* Ilha Grande mangroves (Brazil)
* Maranhão mangroves (Brazil)
* Pará mangroves (Brazil)
* Rio Piranhas mangroves (Brazil)
* Trinidad mangroves (Trinidad and Tobago)

#### Northeast Brazil

* Bahia mangroves (Brazil)
* Rio Piranhas mangroves (Brazil)
* Rio São Francisco mangroves (Brazil)

#### Southeast Brazil

* Ilha Grande mangroves (Brazil)

### Tropical Eastern Pacific

#### Sea of Cortez

* Marismas Nacionales-San Blas mangroves (Mexico)

#### Southern Mexico

* Mexican South Pacific Coast mangroves (Mexico)

#### Pacific Central America

* Gulf of Fonseca mangroves (El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua)
* Moist Pacific Coast mangroves (Costa Rica, Panama)
* Northern Dry Pacific Coast mangroves (El Salvador, Guatemala)
* Southern Dry Pacific Coast mangroves (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)
* Tehuantepec-El Manchon mangroves (Mexico)

#### Pacific South America

* Esmeraldes-Pacific Colombia mangroves (Colombia, Ecuador)
* Gulf of Guayaquil-Tumbes mangroves (Ecuador, Peru)
* Gulf of Panama mangroves (Panama)
* Manabí mangroves (Ecuador)
* Piura mangroves (Peru)

#### Galápagos Islands

* Galápagos mangroves (Ecuador)

## References

* Dinerstein, Eric; David Olson; Douglas J. Graham; et al. (1995). A Conservation Assessment of the Terrestrial Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean. World Bank, Washington, D.C..

## See also

* Caribbean bioregion

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