1904 United States presidential election in Oregon

1904 United States presidential election in Oregon
County Results Roosevelt 50-60% 60-70% 70-80%
President before election; Theodore Roosevelt; Republican	Elected President ; Theodore Roosevelt; Republican

The 1904 United States presidential election in Oregon took place on November 8, 1904. All contemporary 45 states were part of the 1904 United States presidential election. State voters chose four electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.

This election would solidify Oregon as a one-party Republican bastion, which it would remain at a presidential level apart from the 1910s GOP split until Franklin D. Roosevelt rose to power in 1932,^[1] and apart from a very short New Deal interlude at state level until the “Revolution of 1954”. Democratic representation in the Oregon legislature would never exceed fifteen percent during this period,^[2] and no Democrat other than Woodrow Wilson would henceforth carry even one county in the state before the Great Depression. Republican primaries would become the chief mode of competition: indeed Oregon became in this election year the first Western state to utilize the direct primary.^[3]

President Roosevelt was extremely popular in Oregon because of his policies of reforming the railroads, creating a Department of Commerce and Labor and conserving the forest resources that were at the time heavily exploited by big business.^[3] Parker's re-emphasis on the Gold Standard, which harked back to Grover Cleveland, aroused no enthusiasm in Oregon.^[4] Nor did his opposition to Roosevelt's policy of imperialism in the Pacific,^[5] with the result that Parker's showing was the worst-ever by any major-party nominee in Oregon except for his mentor Cleveland twelve years previously.^[6] At the same time, Roosevelt's performance remains the best ever by any presidential candidate since Oregon's statehood in 1859. Parker did not win thirty percent in a single county, and overall took just a little over nineteen percent of Oregon's ballots.

Socialist nominee Eugene V. Debs, whose campaign focused on trust-busting and the evils of monopoly,^[7] traveled all around the nation in a charismatic campaign that netted him over four hundred thousand votes nationwide. Although he did not outpoll Parker in any Oregon county, Debs nonetheless received over eight percent of the vote.

Results

1904 United States presidential election in Oregon^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	Percentage	Electoral votes
	Republican	Theodore Roosevelt (incumbent)	60,455	67.06%	4
	Democratic	Alton B. Parker	17,521	19.43%	0
	Socialist	Eugene V. Debs	7,619	8.45%	0
	Prohibition	Silas C. Swallow	3,806	4.22%	0
	Populist	Thomas E. Watson	753	0.84%	0
Totals			90,154	100.00%	4
Voter turnout					—

Results by county

County	Theodore Roosevelt Republican		Alton Brooks Parker Democratic		Eugene Victor Debs^[9] Socialist		Silas Comfort Swallow^[9] Prohibition		Thomas Edward Watson^[9] Populist		Margin		Total votes cast^[10]
County	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	Total votes cast^[10]
Baker	1,990	59.76%	938	28.17%	335	10.06%	52	1.56%	15	0.45%	1,052	31.59%	3,330
Benton	1,107	62.51%	442	24.96%	74	4.18%	136	7.68%	12	0.68%	665	37.55%	1,771
Clackamas	2,783	67.78%	684	16.66%	421	10.25%	141	3.43%	77	1.88%	2,099	51.12%	4,106
Clatsop	1,408	68.68%	336	16.39%	256	12.49%	41	2.00%	9	0.44%	1,072	52.29%	2,050
Columbia	1,301	74.26%	221	12.61%	160	9.13%	61	3.48%	9	0.51%	1,080	61.64%	1,752
Coos	1,712	64.26%	490	18.39%	342	12.84%	92	3.45%	28	1.05%	1,222	45.87%	2,664
Crook	763	65.33%	266	22.77%	116	9.93%	16	1.37%	7	0.60%	497	42.55%	1,168
Curry	322	70.77%	87	19.12%	38	8.35%	5	1.10%	3	0.66%	235	51.65%	455
Douglas	2,443	63.21%	908	23.49%	387	10.01%	95	2.46%	32	0.83%	1,535	39.72%	3,865
Gilliam	568	67.46%	195	23.16%	48	5.70%	28	3.33%	3	0.36%	373	44.30%	842
Grant	1,007	67.81%	316	21.28%	123	8.28%	32	2.15%	7	0.47%	691	46.53%	1,485
Harney	395	58.35%	190	28.06%	80	11.82%	7	1.03%	5	0.74%	205	30.28%	677
Jackson	1,992	61.16%	798	24.50%	307	9.43%	133	4.08%	27	0.83%	1,194	36.66%	3,257
Josephine	914	60.89%	327	21.79%	208	13.86%	47	3.13%	5	0.33%	587	39.11%	1,501
Klamath	552	68.74%	208	25.90%	25	3.11%	10	1.25%	8	1.00%	344	42.84%	803
Lake	394	74.20%	115	21.66%	4	0.75%	9	1.69%	9	1.69%	279	52.54%	531
Lane	3,501	65.88%	1,166	21.94%	365	6.87%	232	4.37%	50	0.94%	2,335	43.94%	5,314
Lincoln	581	64.84%	179	19.98%	118	13.17%	14	1.56%	4	0.45%	402	44.87%	896
Linn	2,346	54.36%	1,206	27.94%	409	9.48%	286	6.63%	69	1.60%	1,140	26.41%	4,316
Malheur	799	63.82%	280	22.36%	74	5.91%	77	6.15%	22	1.76%	519	41.45%	1,252
Marion	4,106	70.03%	1,084	18.49%	297	5.07%	312	5.32%	64	1.09%	3,022	51.54%	5,863
Morrow	875	65.10%	230	17.11%	156	11.61%	78	5.80%	5	0.37%	645	47.99%	1,344
Multnomah	13,692	73.88%	2,324	12.54%	1,849	9.98%	592	3.19%	77	0.42%	11,368	61.34%	18,534
Polk	1,380	63.65%	521	24.03%	122	5.63%	118	5.44%	27	1.25%	859	39.62%	2,168
Sherman	701	71.10%	163	16.53%	32	3.25%	86	8.72%	4	0.41%	538	54.56%	986
Tillamook	729	69.49%	136	12.96%	119	11.34%	65	6.20%	0	0.00%	593	56.53%	1,049
Umatilla	2,642	66.27%	840	21.07%	259	6.50%	223	5.59%	23	0.58%	1,802	45.20%	3,987
Union	1,884	62.88%	775	25.87%	202	6.74%	116	3.87%	19	0.63%	1,109	37.02%	2,996
Wallowa	714	64.32%	255	22.97%	99	8.92%	34	3.06%	8	0.72%	459	41.35%	1,110
Wasco	2,092	67.33%	536	17.25%	228	7.34%	222	7.15%	29	0.93%	1,556	50.08%	3,107
Washington	2,296	73.19%	492	15.68%	139	4.43%	151	4.81%	59	1.88%	1,804	57.51%	3,137
Wheeler	462	69.58%	161	24.25%	22	3.31%	12	1.81%	7	1.05%	301	45.33%	664
Yamhill	2,004	63.14%	652	20.54%	214	6.74%	283	8.92%	21	0.66%	1,352	42.60%	3,174
Totals	60,455	67.06%	17,521	19.43%	7,628	8.46%	3,806	4.22%	744	0.83%	42,934	47.62%	90,154

Notes

References

^ Burnham, Walter Dean; ‘The System of 1896’, in Kleppner, Paul (editor), The Evolution of American Electoral Systems, pp. 176-179 ISBN 0313213798
^ Schattschneider, Elmer Eric; The Semisovereign People: A Realist's View of Democracy in America, pp. 76-84 ISBN 0030133661
^ ^a ^b Murray, Keith; ‘Issues and Personalities of Pacific Northwest Politics, 1889-1950’, The Pacific Northwest Quarterly, vol. 41, no. 3 (July 1950), pp. 213-233
^ Archer, Clark; Martis, Kenneth C. and Shelley, Fred M.; Historical Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections 1788-2004, p. 99 ISBN 1568029551
^ Warren, Kenneth F.; Encyclopedia of U.S. campaigns, elections, and electoral behavior: A-M, p. 609 ISBN 1412954894
^ David Leip. "Presidential General Election Results Comparison – Oregon". Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas.
^ Egbert, Donald Drew and Bassett, Thomas D.; Socialism and American Life; p. 278 ISBN 1400875080
^ Dave Leip's U.S. Election Atlas; Presidential General Election Results – Oregon
^ ^a ^b ^c Géoelections; Popular Vote for Eugene V. Debs (1904) (.xlsx file for €15)
^ Robinson, Edgar Eugene; The Presidential Vote 1896-1932, pp. 305-308 ISBN 9780804716963

[1] Burnham, Walter Dean; ‘The System of 1896’, in Kleppner, Paul (editor), The Evolution of American Electoral Systems, pp. 176-179 ISBN 0313213798

[2] Schattschneider, Elmer Eric; The Semisovereign People: A Realist's View of Democracy in America, pp. 76-84 ISBN 0030133661

[Issues-3] Murray, Keith; ‘Issues and Personalities of Pacific Northwest Politics, 1889-1950’, The Pacific Northwest Quarterly, vol. 41, no. 3 (July 1950), pp. 213-233

[4] Archer, Clark; Martis, Kenneth C. and Shelley, Fred M.; Historical Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections 1788-2004, p. 99 ISBN 1568029551

[5] Warren, Kenneth F.; Encyclopedia of U.S. campaigns, elections, and electoral behavior: A-M, p. 609 ISBN 1412954894

[6] David Leip. "Presidential General Election Results Comparison – Oregon". Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas.

[7] Egbert, Donald Drew and Bassett, Thomas D.; Socialism and American Life; p. 278 ISBN 1400875080

[8] Dave Leip's U.S. Election Atlas; Presidential General Election Results – Oregon

[Geoelections-9] Géoelections; Popular Vote for Eugene V. Debs (1904) (.xlsx file for €15)

[10] Robinson, Edgar Eugene; The Presidential Vote 1896-1932, pp. 305-308 ISBN 9780804716963

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1904 United States presidential election in Oregon

Results

Results by county

See also

Notes

References