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The Trans-European Railway (abbreviated "TER") is a project of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe of sub-regional cooperation among Central, Eastern and South Eastern European countries regarding transport infrastructure .[1] The Trans-European Motorways (abbreviated "TEM") is the twin project for the motorways.
The TER project was established in 1990. There are 17 member countries: Armenia, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Georgia, Greece, Italy, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Turkey. In addition, a number of observer countries participate in certain activities of the project: Belarus, Latvia, Moldova, Montenegro, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Ukraine Azerbaijani membership is pending, awaiting signature for accession.[1]
In 2018 the development focus has turned towards high-speed railway lines. A master plan study has been already published.[2]
There is a coordinated master plan for the TEM and the TER.[3]