Arabic names of Gregorian months

Short description: none

The Arabic names of the months of the Gregorian calendar are usually phonetic Arabic pronunciations of the corresponding month names used in European languages. An exception is the Syriac calendar used in Iraq and the Levant, whose month names are inherited via Classical Arabic from the Babylonian and Hebrew lunisolar calendars and correspond to roughly the same time of year.[1]

Though the lunar Hijri calendar and solar Hijri calendar are prominent in the Mideast, the Gregorian calendar is and has been used in nearly all the countries of the Arab world, in many places long before European occupation.[citation needed] All Arab states use the Gregorian calendar for civil purposes. The names of the Gregorian months as used in Egypt, Sudan, and Yemen are widely regarded as standard across the Arab world,[citation needed] although their Classical Arabic names are often used alongside them.[citation needed] In other Arab countries, some modification or actual changes in naming or pronunciation of months are observed.

## Contents

* 1 Iraq and the Levant
* 2 Egypt, Libya, Sudan, and Eastern Arabia
* 3 Libya (1969–2011)
* 4 Algeria and Tunisia
* 5 Morocco
* 6 See also
* 7 References

## Iraq and the Levant

These names are used primarily in Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Palestine, as well as by Arab citizens of Israel. Classical Arabic inherited the names from the Babylonian and Hebrew calendars, which are lunisolar. Although the Arabic names are cognate, they do not refer to the lunar months, as when the names are used in their original Babylonian or Hebrew context (indeed, the names of the Gregorian months in Hebrew are based on the German names of the Gregorian months, rather than the months of the Babylonian and Hebrew Calendars.) Nine of these names were used in the Ottoman Turkish calendar, of which five remain in use in the modern Turkish calendar.

No. | Month | Arabic name | Transliteration | Syriac cognate | Hebrew cognate | Transliteration |  | Hebrew name | Transliteration | German name

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1 | January | كانُون الثانِي | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܟܢܘܢ ܒ | טֵבֵת | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | יָנוּאָר | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Januar
2 | February | شُباط | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܫܒܛ | שְׁבָט | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | פֶבְּרוּאָר | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Februar
3 | March | آذار | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܐܕܪ | אֲדָר | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | מֵרְץ | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | März
4 | April | نَيْسان | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܢܝܣܢ | נִיסָן‎ | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | אַפְּרִיל | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | April
5 | May | أَيّار | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܐܝܪ | אִיָּר | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | מַאי | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Mai
6 | June | حَزِيران | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܚܙܝܪܢ | סִיוָן | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | יוּנִי | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Juni
7 | July | تَمُّوز | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܬܡܘܙ | תַּמּוּז | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | יוּלִי | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Juli
8 | August | آب | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܐܒ | אָב | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | אוֹגוּסְט | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | August
9 | September | أَيْلُول | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܐܝܠܘܠ | אֱלוּל | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | סֶפְּטֶמְבֶּר | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | September
10 | October | تِشْرِين الْأَوَّل | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܬܫܪܝܢ ܐ | תִּשׁרִי‎ | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | אוֹקְטוֹבֶּר | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Oktober
11 | November | تِشْرِين الثانِي | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܬܫܪܝܢ ܒ | מַרְחֶשְׁוָן | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | נוׁבֶמְבֶּר | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | November
12 | December | كانُون الْأَوَّل | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | ܟܢܘܢ ܐ | כִּסְלֵו | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | דֵּצֶמְבֶּר | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Dezember

## Egypt, Libya, Sudan, and Eastern Arabia

The names of the Gregorian months in Egypt, Sudan and Eastern Arabia are based on the old Latin names.[citation needed]

No. | Month | Arabic name | Transliteration | Latin name | Egyptian pronunciation

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1 | January | يَنايِر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Ianuarius | [jæ'næːjeɾ]
2 | February | فِبْرايِر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Februarius | [febˈɾɑːjeɾ]
3 | March | مارِس | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Martius | [ˈmæːɾes]
4 | April | أَبْرِيل / إبْرِيل | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Aprilis | [ʔɪbˈɾiːl, ʔæb-]
5 | May | مايُو | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Maius | [ˈmæːju]
6 | June | يُونِيُو / يُونِية | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Iunius | [ˈjonjæ, -jo]
7 | July | يُولِيُو / يُولِية | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Iulius | [ˈjoljæ, -ju]
8 | August | أَغُسْطُس | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | Augustus | [ʔɑˈɣostˤos, ʔoˈ-]
9 | September | سِبْتَمْبَر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | September | [sebˈtæmbeɾ, -ˈtem-, -ˈtɑm-]
10 | October | أُكْتُوبَر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | October | [okˈtoːbɑɾ, ek-, ɑk-]
11 | November | نُوفَمْبَر / نُوَنْبِر‎ | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | November | [noˈvæmbeɾ, -ˈvem-, -ˈfæm-,
-ˈfem-, -ˈvɑm-, -ˈfɑm-, -ˈwem-, -ˈwæm-, -ˈwɑm-]
12 | December | دِيسَمْبَر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | December | [deˈsæmbeɾ, -ˈsem-, -ˈsɑm-]

## Libya (1969–2011)

The names of months used in the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011) were derived from various sources, and were assembled after Muammar Gaddafi's seizure of power in 1969 and abolished in 2011 after the 17 February Revolution. The decision of changing calendar names was adopted in June 1986.[2] Although the Libyan calendar followed the same sequence of renamed Gregorian months, it counted the years from the death of the prophet Muhammad.[3] This reckoning was therefore ten years behind the Solar Hijri calendar used in Iran and Afghanistan.

No. | Month | Arabic name | Transliteration | Meaning[4]

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1 | January | أَيّ النار | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | that of the fires
2 | February | النُوّار | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | the mornings
3 | March | الرَبِيع | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | the spring
Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. was also used[5] |
4 | April | الطَيْر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | the bird
5 | May | الماء | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | the water
6 | June | الصَيْف | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | the summer
7 | July | ناصِر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | from Gamal Abd el-Nasser
8 | August | هانِيبال | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | from Hannibal Barca
9 | September | الفاتِح | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | the lightened
10 | October | التُمُور / الثُمُور | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | the dates
11 | November | الحَرْث | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | the tillage
12 | December | الكانُون | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | the canon

## Algeria and Tunisia

The names of the Gregorian months in Algeria and Tunisia are based on the French names of the months, reflecting France 's long colonisation of these countries (1830–1962 in Algeria; 1881–1956 in Tunisia).

No. | Month | Arabic name | Transliteration | French name

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1 | January | جانْفِي | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | janvier
2 | February | فِيفْرِي | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | février
3 | March | مارْس | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | mars
4 | April | أفْرِيل | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | avril
5 | May | ماي | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | mai
6 | June | جْوان | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | juin
7 | July | جْوِيلِْية | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | juillet
8 | August | أُوت | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | août
9 | September | سِبْتُمْبر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | septembre
10 | October | أُكْتُوبر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | octobre
11 | November | نُوفُمْبر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | novembre
12 | December | دِيسُمْبر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist. | décembre

[1]

## Morocco

As Morocco was long part of the Roman Empire, the long-standing agricultural Berber calendar of the country preserves the Julian calendar and (in modified form) the names of its months. There are regional variations of the Berber calendar, since some communities did not recognise the Julian 29 February in century years where the Gregorian calendar had no equivalent date. When Morocco adopted the Gregorian calendar for civil purposes, the names of the months were taken from this local tradition.

No. | Month | Arabic name | Transliteration

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1 | January | يَنّايِر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
2 | February | فِبْرايِر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
3 | March | مارْس | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
4 | April | إبْرِيل | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
5 | May | ماي | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
6 | June | يُونِيُّو | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
7 | July | يُولِيُّوز | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
8 | August | غُشْت | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
9 | September | شُتَنْبِر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
10 | October | أُكْتُوبِر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
11 | November | نُوَنْبِر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.
12 | December | دُجَنْبِر | Script error: The function "transl" does not exist.

## See also

* Gregorian calendar
* Islamic calendar
* Solar Hijri calendar
* Assyrian calendar
* Hebrew calendar
* Iranian calendars
* Babylonian calendar
* Pre-Islamic Arabian calendar
* Rumi calendar

## References

1. ↑ "The months of the Gregorian (Christian) calendar in various languages: Arabic". http://geonames.de/months.html#ara.
2. ↑ "Libya Changes Names Of Months On Calendar - Sun Sentinel". Articles.sun-sentinel.com. 1986-06-23. http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1986-06-23/news/8602060902_1_arab-libya–-news-agency-calendar. Retrieved 2013-03-25. [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
3. ↑ "ACM: Months". Library.princeton.edu. Archived from the original on 20 June 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20100620145817/http://library.princeton.edu/departments/tsd/acm/appendix/months.html. Retrieved 2013-03-25.
4. ↑ "Libyan Arab Jamahiriya - الموقع غير الرسمى للقنصلية الليبية بالاسكندرية". https://sites.google.com/site/lyalexcons/home-english/libyan-arab-jamahiriya. Retrieved 2013-03-25.
5. ↑ "Tratamiento del árabe". Conf-dts1.unog.ch. http://conf-dts1.unog.ch/1 SPA/Tradutek/Varios/00-Tratamiento_arabe_Anexo_ManualTraductor.htm. Retrieved 2013-03-25.

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