1193 Africa

1193 AfricaDiscovery[1]

Discovered by| C. Jackson
Discovery site| Johannesburg Obs.
Discovery date| 24 April 1931
Designations

MPC designation

| (1193) Africa
Named after| Africa (continent)[2]

Alternative designations

| 1931 HB
Minor planet category| main-belt[1] * (middle)
Eunomia[3][4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc| 86.20 yr (31,484 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}| 2.9728 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}| 2.3198 AU

Semi-major axis

| 2.6463 AU
Eccentricity| 0.1234
Orbital period| 4.30 yr (1,572 days)
Mean anomaly| 9.0113°
Mean motion| 0° 13m 44.4s / day
Inclination| 14.141°
Longitude of ascending node| 49.538°

|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}

| 183.92°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions| 12.220±0.102 km[5]
13 km (est. at 0.21)
Geometric albedo| 0.21 (derived)
0.247±0.038[5]

Spectral type

| S(derived)
Absolute magnitude (H)| 11.8[1]

1193 Africa, provisional designation 1931 HB, is a stony Eunomian asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at Johannesburg Observatory on 24 April 1931.[6] The asteroid was named for the African continent.[2]

## Contents

* 1 Orbit and classification
* 2 Physical characteristics
* 2.1 Diameter and albedo
* 3 Photometry
* 4 Naming
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Orbit and classification

Africa is a member of the Eunomia family (502), a large group of typically S-type asteroids and the most prominent family in the intermediate main-belt.[3][4] It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.3–3.0 AU once every 4 years and 4 months (1,572 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Johannesburg.[6]

## Physical characteristics

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Africa measures 12.22 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.247.[5] Based on a generic magnitude-to-diameter conversion, Africa measures 13 kilometers in diameter, using an absolute magnitude of 11.8 and a standard albedo for Eunomian asteroids of 0.21, derived from 15 Eunomia, the family's largest member and namesake.[7]

## Photometry

As of 2017, no rotational lightcurve of Africa has been obtained from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, poles and shape still remain unknown.[1][8]

## Naming

This minor planet was named for Africa, the large continent on which Johannesburg is located.[2] The official naming citation was also mentioned in Paul Herget's The Names of the Minor Planets in 1955 (H 111).[2]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1193 Africa (1931 HB)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001193.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1193) Africa". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 100. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1194. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 978-0-8165-3213-1. Bibcode: 2015aste.book..297N.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Asteroid 1193 Africa – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1193+Africa#Asteroid 1193 AfricaEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J. et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 20. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...68M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "1193 Africa (1931 HB)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1193.
7. ↑ "Asteroid Size Estimator". CNEOS/JPL. https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/ast_size_est.html.
8. ↑ "LCDB Data for (1193) Africa". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1193|Africa.

## External links

* Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
* Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
* 1193 Africa at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
* Ephemeris * Observation prediction * Orbital info * Proper elements * Observational info
* 1193 Africa at the JPL Small-Body Database
* Close approach * Discovery * Ephemeris * Orbit diagram * Orbital elements * Physical parameters

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