1213 Algeria

1213 AlgeriaDiscovery[1]

Discovered by| G. Reiss
Discovery site| Algiers Obs.
Discovery date| 5 December 1931
Designations

MPC designation

| (1213) Algeria
Named after| Algeria (country)[2]

Alternative designations

| 1931 XD
Minor planet category| main-belt * (outer)[3]
Orbital characteristics
Epoch 16 February 2017 (JD 2457800.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc| 84.53 yr (30,873 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}| 3.5408 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}| 2.7442 AU

Semi-major axis

| 3.1425 AU
Eccentricity| 0.1267
Orbital period| 5.57 yr (2,035 days)
Mean anomaly| 168.11°
Mean motion| 0° 10m 36.84s / day
Inclination| 13.064°
Longitude of ascending node| 271.54°

|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}

| 108.60°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions| 29.175±0.251[4]
30.189±0.239 km[5]
30.6±3.1 km[6]
31±3 km[7]
33.08 km (derived)[3]
33.20±4.7 km (IRAS:3)[8]
33.51±0.78 km[9]
34.46±0.67 km[10]
Rotation period| 16 h[11]
Geometric albedo| 0.057±0.010[9][4]
0.0586 (derived)[3]
0.06±0.01[7]
0.07±0.01[6]
0.076±0.003[10]
0.0767±0.027 (IRAS:3)[8]
0.0934±0.0106[5]

Spectral type

| C[3]
Absolute magnitude (H)| 10.8[5][8][10]
11.1[1][3][6][7][9]
11.33±0.30[12]

1213 Algeria, provisional designation 1931 XD, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 32 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by Guy Reiss at Algiers Observatory in 1931, it was named after the North African country of Algeria.

## Contents

* 1 Discovery
* 2 Orbit and classification
* 3 Physical characteristics
* 3.1 Lightcurve
* 3.2 Diameter and albedo
* 4 Naming
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Discovery

Algeria was discovered by French astronomer Guy Reiss at the North African Algiers Observatory on 5 December 1931.[13] Three nights later, the body was independently discovered by Belgian–American astronomer George Van Biesbroeck at the U.S. Yerkes Observatory in Wisconsin.[2]

A first precovery was taken at Yerkes Observatory, extending the Algeria's observation arc by just 16 days prior to its official discovery observation.[13]

## Orbit and classification

The dark asteroid orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 7 months (2,035 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.13 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

## Physical characteristics

### Lightcurve

A rotational lightcurve of Algeria was obtained from photometric observations made by French amateur astronomer Claudine Rinner in August 2002. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 16 hours with a brightness variation of 0.19 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[11]

### Diameter and albedo

According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Algeria measures between 29.2 and 34.5 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo in the range of 0.057 to 0.093.[4][5][7][9][8][10]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.059 and a diameter of 33.1 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 11.1, and characterizes it as a C-type asteroid.[3]

## Naming

This minor planet was named in honour of the North African country Algeria, location of the discovering observatory and a French colony at the time. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 112).[2]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1213 Algeria (1931 XD)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001213. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1213) Algeria". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1213) Algeria. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 101. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1214. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "LCDB Data for (1213) Algeria". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1213|Algeria. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R. et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 791 (2): 11. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...791..121M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014ApJ...791..121M. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 25. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...90M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...90M. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Alí-Lagoa, V.; Licandro, J.; Gil-Hutton, R.; Cañ; ada-Assandri, M.; Delbo', M. et al. (June 2016). "Differences between the Pallas collisional family and similarly sized B-type asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics 591: 11. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527660. Bibcode: 2016A&A...591A..14A. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2016A&A...591A..14A. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Alí-Lagoa, V.; de León, J.; Licandro, J.; Delbó, M.; Campins, H.; Pinilla-Alonso, N. et al. (June 2013). "Physical properties of B-type asteroids from WISE data". Astronomy & Astrophysics 554: 16. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220680. Bibcode: 2013A&A...554A..71A. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2013A&A...554A..71A. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode: 2004PDSS...12.....T. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C. et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 (1): 5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...759L...8M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1213) Algeria". Geneva Observatory. http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page3cou.html#001213. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
12. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "1213 Algeria (1931 XD)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1213. Retrieved 15 May 2016.

## External links

* Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
* Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
* Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
* 1213 Algeria at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
* Ephemeris * Observation prediction * Orbital info * Proper elements * Observational info
* 1213 Algeria at the JPL Small-Body Database
* Close approach * Discovery * Ephemeris * Orbit diagram * Orbital elements * Physical parameters

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