1503 Kuopio

Lightcurve-based 3D-model of Kuopio

Discovery[1]
Discovered by| Y. Väisälä
Discovery site| Turku Obs.
Discovery date| 15 December 1938
Designations

MPC designation

| (1503) Kuopio
Named after| Kuopio (Finnish town)[2]

Alternative designations

| 1938 XD * 1935 EF
1953 LH
Minor planet category| main-belt * (middle)
Eunomia[3][4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc| 82.34 yr (30,075 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}| 2.8995 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}| 2.3499 AU

Semi-major axis

| 2.6247 AU
Eccentricity| 0.1047
Orbital period| 4.25 yr (1,553 days)
Mean anomaly| 154.93°
Mean motion| 0° 13m 54.48s / day
Inclination| 12.369°
Longitude of ascending node| 316.98°

|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}

| 177.92°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions| 18.43±1.5 km[5]
18.54 km (derived)[3]
22.33±0.34 km[6]
22.985±0.964 km[7]
Rotation period| 9.577±0.0004 h[8]
9.957±0.006 h[8]
9.9586±0.0005 h[9][10]
9.96±0.05 h[8]
9.98 h[11]
Geometric albedo| 0.223±0.008[6]
0.2995±0.056[5]
0.3243 (derived)[3]
0.399±0.262[7]

Spectral type

| S[3]
Absolute magnitude (H)| 9.81[7] * 10.5[1][3] * 10.60[5][6] * 10.65±0.69[12]

1503 Kuopio, provisional designation 1938 XD, is a stony Eunomian asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 December 1938, by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland.[13] The asteroid was named for the Finnish town of Kuopio.[2]

## Contents

* 1 Orbit and classification
* 2 Physical characteristics
* 2.1 Rotation period
* 2.2 Poles
* 2.3 Diameter and albedo
* 3 Naming
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Orbit and classification

Kuopio is a member of the Eunomia family (502), a prominent family of stony S-type asteroid and the largest one in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members.[3][4][14]: 23 It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.3–2.9 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,553 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

The body's observation arc begins with its first identification as 1935 EF at Yerkes Observatory in March 1935, more than 3 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.[13]

## Physical characteristics

### Rotation period

Several rotational lightcurves of Kuopio were obtained from photometric observations since 2001. Analysis of these lightcurves gave a rotation period between 9.577 and 9.98 hours with a brightness variation of 0.01 to 0.05 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[8][11]

### Poles

In 2011 and 2013, a modeled lightcurve using data from the Uppsala Asteroid Photometric Catalogue (UAPC) and other sources was published. In both studies, the modeled lightcurve gave a concurring period 9.9586 hours. The 2013-publication also determined two spin axis of (170.0°, −86.0°) and (27.0°, −61.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β) ({{{1}}}).[9][10]

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Kuopio measures between 18.43 and 22.99 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.223 and 0.399.[5][6][7]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.3243 and a diameter of 18.54 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.5.[3]

## Naming

This minor planet was named after the town of Kuopio in central Finland.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3928).[15]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1503 Kuopio (1938 XD)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001503. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1503) Kuopio". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 120. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1504. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "LCDB Data for (1503) Kuopio". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1503|Kuopio. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Asteroid 1503 Kuopio – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1503+Kuopio#Asteroid 1503 KuopioEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0. Retrieved 31 October 2019.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode: 2004PDSS...12.....T. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C. et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 (1): 5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...759L...8M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1503) Kuopio". Geneva Observatory. http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001503. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Hanus, J.; Durech, J.; Broz, M.; Warner, B. D.; Pilcher, F.; Stephens, R. et al. (June 2011). "A study of asteroid pole-latitude distribution based on an extended set of shape models derived by the lightcurve inversion method". Astronomy & Astrophysics 530: 16. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116738. Bibcode: 2011A&A...530A.134H. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011A&A...530A.134H. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Hanus, J.; Broz, M.; Durech, J.; Warner, B. D.; Brinsfield, J.; Durkee, R. et al. (November 2013). "An anisotropic distribution of spin vectors in asteroid families". Astronomy and Astrophysics 559: 19. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321993. Bibcode: 2013A&A...559A.134H. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2013A&A...559A.134H. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Székely, P.; Kiss, L. L.; Szabó, Gy. M.; Sárneczky, K.; Csák, B.; Váradi, M. et al. (August 2005). "CCD photometry of 23 minor planets". Planetary and Space Science 53 (9): 925–936. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2005.04.006. Bibcode: 2005P&SS...53..925S. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2005P&SS...53..925S. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
12. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "1503 Kuopio (1938 XD)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1503. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
14. ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131. Bibcode: 2015aste.book..297N.
15. ↑ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2009). "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.

## External links

* Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
* Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
* Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
* 1503 Kuopio at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
* Ephemeris * Observation prediction * Orbital info * Proper elements * Observational info
* 1503 Kuopio at the JPL Small-Body Database
* Close approach * Discovery * Ephemeris * Orbit diagram * Orbital elements * Physical parameters

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