2328 Robeson

2328 RobesonDiscovery [1]

Discovered by| T. Smirnova
Discovery site| Crimean Astrophysical Obs.
Discovery date| 19 April 1972
Designations

MPC designation

| (2328) Robeson
Named after| Paul Robeson [2]
(American singer and actor)

Alternative designations

| 1972 HW
Minor planet category| main-belt [1][3] * (inner) [4]
background [5]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc| 45.76 yr (16,714 d)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}| 2.6814 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}| 2.0009 AU

Semi-major axis

| 2.3411 AU
Eccentricity| 0.1453
Orbital period| 3.58 yr (1,308 d)
Mean anomaly| 341.08°
Mean motion| 0° 16m 30.72s / day
Inclination| 10.016°
Longitude of ascending node| 182.19°

|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}

| 340.93°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter| 7.46 km (calculated)[4]
11.75±1.4 km[6]
12.67±0.77 km[7]
12.75±4.10 km[8]
12.895±2.594 km[9]
12.90±2.59 km[9]
13.30±0.46 km[10]
Rotation period| 18.632±0.004 h[11]
Geometric albedo| 0.06±0.01[7]
0.067±0.053[8]
0.07±0.03[9]
0.074±0.034[9]
0.105±0.008[10]
0.1281±0.038[6]
0.20 (assumed)[4]

Spectral type

| SMASS = C [3] * X [12]
S (assumed)[4]
Absolute magnitude (H)| 12.50[10] * 12.80[9]
13.0[3][4] * 13.02[8]
13.16[7] * 13.52±0.24[12]

2328 Robeson, provisional designation 1972 HW, is a background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 13 kilometers (8 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 19 April 1972, by astronomer Soviet–Russian Tamara Smirnova at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula.[1] It was named after American actor and singer Paul Robeson.[2] The C/X-type asteroid has a rotation period of 18.6 hours.[4]

## Contents

* 1 Orbit and classification
* 2 Physical characteristics
* 2.1 Rotation period
* 2.2 Diameter and albedo
* 3 Naming
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Orbit and classification

Robeson is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[5] It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 7 months (1,308 days; semi-major axis of 2.34 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.15 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Nauchnij in April 1972.[1]

## Physical characteristics

In the SMASS classification Robeson is a carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[3] It has also been characterized as an X-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS' photometric survey.[12]

### Rotation period

In December 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Robeson was obtained from photometric observations at the Leura (E17) and Hunters Hill (E14) observatories in Australia. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 18.632 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.20 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[11]

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Robeson measures between 11.75 and 13.30 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.06 and 0.1281.[6][7][8][9][10]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes it to be a stony asteroid with a standard albedo of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 7.46 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 13.0.[4]

## Naming

This minor planet was named after in memory of African-American singer and actor Paul Robeson (1898–1976).[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 8 February 1982 (M.P.C. 6648).[13]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "2328 Robeson (1972 HW)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2328. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2328) Robeson". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2328) Robeson. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 190. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2329. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2328 Robeson (1972 HW)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002328. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 "LCDB Data for (2328) Robeson". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=2328|Robeson. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Asteroid 2328 Robeson – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=2328.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode: 2004PDSS...12.....T. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T. et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal 152 (3): 12. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Bibcode: 2016AJ....152...63N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2016AJ....152...63N. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C. et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 (1): 5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...759L...8M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T. et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 814 (2): 13. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...814..117N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Higgins, David; Oey, Julian (September 2007). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at Hunters Hill Observatory and Collaborating Stations - December 2006 - April 2007". The Minor Planet Bulletin 34 (3): 79–80. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode: 2007MPBu...34...79H. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2007MPBu...34...79H. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
13. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html. Retrieved 27 March 2018.

## External links

* Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
* Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
* Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
* 2328 Robeson at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
* Ephemeris * Observation prediction * Orbital info * Proper elements * Observational info
* 2328 Robeson at the JPL Small-Body Database
* Close approach * Discovery * Ephemeris * Orbit diagram * Orbital elements * Physical parameters

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