Carme (moon)

Short description: Moon of Jupiter

Carme

Carme photographed by the Haute-Provence Observatory in December 1998

Discovery [1]
Discovered by| Seth B. Nicholson
Discovery site| Mt. Wilson Observatory
Discovery date| 30 July 1938
Designations

Designation

| Jupiter XI
Pronunciation| /ˈkɑːrmiː/[2][3]
Named after| Κάρμη Karmē
Adjectives| Carmean /kɑːrˈmiːən/[4]
Orbital characteristics[5]
Epoch 17 December 2020 (JD 2459200.5)
Observation arc| 82.02 yr (29,958 days)

Semi-major axis

| 0.1509370 astronomical unit|AU (22,579,850 km)
Eccentricity| 0.2294925
Orbital period| –693.17 d
Mean anomaly| 17.48241°
Mean motion| 0° 31m 9.68s / day
Inclination| 163.53496° (to ecliptic)
Longitude of ascending node| 209.94088°

|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}

| 133.45035°
Satellite of| Jupiter
Group| Carme group
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter| 46.7±0.9 km[6]
Rotation period| 10.40±0.05 h[7]
Albedo| 0.035±0.006[6]

Spectral type

| D[6]
Apparent magnitude| 18.9[8]
Absolute magnitude (H)| 10.5[5]

Carme /ˈkɑːrmiː/ is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938.[1] It is named after the mythological Carme, mother by Zeus of Britomartis, a Cretan goddess.

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 Properties
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## History

Carme observed by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) spacecraft in 2014

Carme did not receive its present name until 1975;[9] before then, it was simply known as Jupiter XI. It was sometimes called "Pan"[10] between 1955 and 1975 (Pan is now the name of a satellite of Saturn).

It gives its name to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Its orbital elements are as of January 2000.[11] They are continuously changing due to solar and planetary perturbations.

## Properties

With a diameter of 46.7±0.9 km, it is the largest member of the Carme group and the fourth largest irregular moon of Jupiter.[6] It is light red in color (B−V=0.76, V−R=0.47), similar to D-type asteroids and consistent with Taygete, but not Kalyke.[12]

## See also

* Irregular satellites
* Jupiter's moons in fiction

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nicholson, S. B. (1938). "Two New Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 50 (297): 292–293. doi:10.1086/124963. Bibcode: 1938PASP...50..292N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0050//0000292.000.html.
2. ↑ Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
3. ↑ "Carme". Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/Carme.
4. ↑ Yenne (1987) The Atlas of the Solar System
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "M.P.C. 127087". Minor Planet Circular. Minor Planet Center. 17 November 2019. https://minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/2020/MPC_20201117.pdf.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Grav, T.Expression error: Unrecognized word "etal". (August 2015). "NEOWISE: Observations of the Irregular Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn". The Astrophysical Journal 809 (1): 9. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/3. 3. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...809....3G. https://authors.library.caltech.edu/61254/1/Grav_2015.pdf.
7. ↑ Luu, Jane (September 1991). "CCD photometry and spectroscopy of the outer Jovian satellites". Astronomical Journal 102: 1213–1225. doi:10.1086/115949. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 1991AJ....102.1213L.
8. ↑ Sheppard, Scott. "Scott S. Sheppard - Jupiter Moons". Department of Terrestrial Magnetism. Carnegie Institution for Science. https://sites.google.com/carnegiescience.edu/sheppard/moons/jupitermoons.
9. ↑ IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)
10. ↑ Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-478107-4.
11. ↑ Jacobson, R. A. (2000). "The Orbits of Outer Jovian Satellites". Astronomical Journal 120 (5): 2679–2686. doi:10.1086/316817. Bibcode: 2000AJ....120.2679J. https://trs.jpl.nasa.gov/bitstream/2014/15175/1/00-1187.pdf.
12. ↑ Grav, Tommy; Holman, M. J.; Gladman, B. J.; Aksnes, K. (2003). "Photometric survey of the irregular satellites". Icarus 166 (1): 33–45. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.07.005. Bibcode: 2003Icar..166...33G.

## External links

* Carme Profile by NASA's Solar System Exploration
* David Jewitt pages
* Jupiter's Known Satellites (by Scott S. Sheppard)

* v
* t
* e

Moons of Jupiter

Listed in approximately increasing distance from Jupiter. Provisional designations in italics.

Inner moons|

* Metis
* Adrastea
* Amalthea
* Thebe

Galilean moons|

* Io
* Europa
* Ganymede
* Callisto

Themisto group|

* Themisto

Himalia group|

* Leda
* Himalia
* Ersa
* Pandia
* Lysithea
* Elara
* Dia

Carpo group|

* Carpo

Valetudo group|

* Valetudo

Ananke group|

* S/2003 J 12(?)
* Euporie
* Eupheme
* Jupiter LV
* Jupiter LII
* Thelxinoe
* Euanthe
* Helike
* Orthosie
* Jupiter LXVIII
* Jupiter LIV
* Jupiter LXIV
* Iocaste
* S/2003 J 16(?)
* Praxidike
* Harpalyke
* Mneme
* Hermippe
* Thyone
* Jupiter LXX
* Ananke

Carme group|

* Jupiter LXXII
* Herse
* Aitne
* Kale
* Taygete
* Jupiter LXI
* Chaldene
* S/2003 J 10(?)
* Erinome
* Kallichore
* Jupiter LXVI
* Jupiter LXIX
* Kalyke
* Carme
* Jupiter LXIII
* Pasithee
* Jupiter LI
* Eukelade
* Arche
* Isonoe
* S/2003 J 9(?)
* Eirene

Pasiphae group|

* Jupiter LXVII
* Philophrosyne
* S/2003 J 23(?)
* Aoede
* Callirrhoe
* Eurydome
* Kore
* Cyllene
* Jupiter LVI
* Jupiter LIX
* S/2003 J 4(?)
* Pasiphae
* Hegemone
* Sinope
* Sponde
* Autonoe
* Megaclite
* S/2003 J 2(?)

* Rings of Jupiter
* In fiction

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