Hawking star

Short description: Theoretical type of star

A Hawking star is a theoretical type of star, where the star's core contains a very small, substellar, primordial black hole, and is partially or completely powered by energy from matter accreting into the black hole, rather than stellar fusion. It is named for Stephen Hawking, who proposed the existence of primordial black holes.[1][2][3]

The existence and frequency of Hawking stars would be a test for the existence of primordial black holes and their commonality, and test their candidacy as a form of dark matter.[2][3]

These stars are theorized to exist in the contemporary universe,[2][3] unlike a similar type of stars from the early universe, quasi-stars, where very large gas clouds directly collapse into black holes surrounded by star's envelope, also powered by black hole accretion.[4] Unlike the primordial quasi-stars, Hawking stars would be the size of contemporary stars, whereas quasi-stars would be incredibly massive.[2][3]

## Contents

* 1 See also
* 2 References
* 3 Further reading
* 4 External links

## See also

* Thorne–Żytkow object, a theoretical type of star formed by a neutron star merging with and becoming the core of another star
* Supernova progenitor, a star that could collapse into a black hole after the end of its life
* Stellar black hole, a black hole formed by the collapse of a star
* Quasar, a star-like/point-like shining object, that is a galactic core black hole powered up by an accretion disk to an extreme degree

## References

1. ↑ Max Planck Society (22 December 2023). "What happens if you put a black hole into the sun?". phys.org. https://phys.org/news/2023-12-black-hole-sun-1.html.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Adam Mann (13 December 2023). "Are tiny black holes hiding within giant stars?". Science 382 (6676). doi:10.1126/science.zckalbq. https://www.science.org/content/article/are-tiny-black-holes-hiding-within-giant-stars.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Dave Malyon (16 December 2023). "Tiny Black Holes Proposed As Dark Matter: Consumes Stars From The Inside Out With 'Observable Consequences'". KNEWZ. https://knewz.com/tiny-black-holes-dark-matter-consuming-stars/.
4. ↑ E. Alderson (15 May 2020). "Quasi-Stars: Black Holes at the Core of the Universe's Largest Stars". Medium. 38bfbc4e1b95. https://medium.com/predict/quasi-stars-black-holes-at-the-core-of-the-universes-largest-stars-38bfbc4e1b95.

## Further reading

* Earl P. Bellinger, Matt E. Caplan, Taeho Ryu, Deepika Bollimpalli, Warrick H. Ball, Florian Kühnel, R. Farmer, S. E. de Mink, Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard (13 December 2023). "Solar Evolution Models with a Central Black Hole". The Astrophysical Journal (American Astronomical Society) 959 (2): 113. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad04de. Bibcode: 2023ApJ...959..113B.
* Matthew E. Caplan, Earl P. Bellinger, Andrew D. Santarelli (2023), Is there a black hole in the center of the Sun?, Bibcode: 2023arXiv231207647C

## External links

* What If There's A Black Hole Inside The Sun? | Hawking Stars. Space Time. PBS. 20 December 2023. Q6kJaMf3Lgo on YouTube.

* v
* t
* e

Black holes

Types|

* Schwarzschild
* Rotating
* Charged
* Virtual
* Kugelblitz
* Primordial
* Planck particle

Size|

* Micro
* Extremal
* Electron
* Stellar
* Microquasar
* Intermediate-mass
* Supermassive
* Active galactic nucleus
* Quasar
* Blazar

Formation|

* Stellar evolution
* Gravitational collapse
* Neutron star
* Related links
* Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit
* White dwarf
* Related links
* Supernova
* Related links
* Hypernova
* Gamma-ray burst
* Binary black hole

Properties|

* Gravitational singularity
* Ring singularity
* Theorems
* Event horizon
* Photon sphere
* Innermost stable circular orbit
* Ergosphere
* Penrose process
* Blandford–Znajek process
* Accretion disk
* Hawking radiation
* Gravitational lens
* Bondi accretion
* M–sigma relation
* Quasi-periodic oscillation
* Thermodynamics
* Immirzi parameter
* Schwarzschild radius
* Spaghettification

Issues|

* Black hole complementarity
* Information paradox
* Cosmic censorship
* ER=EPR
* Final parsec problem
* Firewall (physics)
* Holographic principle
* No-hair theorem

Metrics|

* Schwarzschild (Derivation)
* Kerr
* Reissner–Nordström
* Kerr–Newman
* Hayward

Alternatives|

* Nonsingular black hole models
* Black star
* Dark star
* Dark-energy star
* Gravastar
* Magnetospheric eternally collapsing object
* Planck star
* Q star
* Fuzzball

Analogs|

* Optical black hole
* Sonic black hole

Lists|

* Black holes
* Most massive
* Nearest
* Quasars
* Microquasars

Related|

* Black Hole Initiative
* Black hole starship
* Compact star
* Exotic star
* Quark star
* Preon star
* Gamma-ray burst progenitors
* Gravity well
* Hypercompact stellar system
* Membrane paradigm
* Naked singularity
* Quasi-star
* Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
* Timeline of black hole physics
* White hole
* Wormhole

* Category
* Commons

* v
* t
* e

Stars

Formation|

* Accretion
* Molecular cloud
* Bok globule
* Young stellar object
* Protostar
* Pre-main-sequence
* Herbig Ae/Be
* T Tauri
* FU Orionis
* Herbig–Haro object
* Hayashi track
* Henyey track

Evolution|

* Main sequence
* Red-giant branch
* Horizontal branch
* Red clump
* Asymptotic giant branch
* Blue loop
* Protoplanetary nebula
* Planetary nebula
* PG1159
* Dredge-up
* Instability strip
* Luminous blue variable
* Blue straggler
* Stellar population
* Supernova
* Superluminous supernova / Hypernova

Spectral
classification|

* Early
* Late
* Main sequence
* O
* B
* A
* F
* G
* K
* M
* Brown dwarf
* WR
* OB
* Subdwarf
* O
* B
* Subgiant
* Giant
* Blue
* Red
* Yellow
* Bright giant
* Supergiant
* Blue
* Red
* Yellow
* Hypergiant
* Yellow
* Carbon
* S
* CN
* CH
* White dwarf
* Chemically peculiar
* Am
* Ap/Bp
* HgMn
* Helium-weak
* Barium
* Extreme helium
* Lambda Boötis
* Lead
* Technetium
* Be
* Shell
* B[e]

Remnants|

* White dwarf
* Helium planet
* Black dwarf
* Neutron
* Radio-quiet
* Pulsar
* Binary
* X-ray
* Magnetar
* Stellar black hole
* X-ray binary
* Burster

Hypothetical|

* Blue dwarf
* Green
* Black dwarf
* Exotic
* Boson
* Electroweak
* Strange
* Preon
* Planck
* Dark
* Dark-energy
* Quark
* Q
* Black
* Gravastar
* Frozen
* Quasi-star
* Thorne–Żytkow object
* Iron
* Blitzar

Stellar
nucleosynthesis|

* Deuterium burning
* Lithium burning
* Proton–proton chain
* CNO cycle
* Helium flash
* Triple-alpha process
* Alpha process
* Carbon burning
* Neon burning
* Oxygen burning
* Silicon burning
* S-process
* R-process
* Fusor
* Nova
* Symbiotic
* Remnant
* Luminous red nova

Structure|

* Core
* Convection zone
* Microturbulence
* Oscillations
* Radiation zone
* Atmosphere
* Photosphere
* Starspot
* Chromosphere
* Corona
* Stellar wind
* Bubble
* Bipolar outflow
* Accretion disk
* Asteroseismology
* Helioseismology
* Eddington luminosity
* Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism

Properties|

* Designation
* Dynamics
* Effective temperature
* Luminosity
* Kinematics
* Magnetic field
* Absolute magnitude
* Mass
* Metallicity
* Rotation
* Starlight
* Variable
* Photometric system
* Color index
* Hertzsprung–Russell diagram
* Color–color diagram

Star systems|

* Binary
* Contact
* Common envelope
* Eclipsing
* Symbiotic
* Multiple
* Cluster
* Open
* Globular
* Super
* Planetary system

Earth-centric
observations|

* Sun
* Solar System
* Sunlight
* Pole star
* Circumpolar
* Constellation
* Asterism
* Magnitude
* Apparent
* Extinction
* Photographic
* Radial velocity
* Proper motion
* Parallax
* Photometric-standard

Lists|

* Proper names
* Arabic
* Chinese
* Extremes
* Most massive
* Highest temperature
* Largest volume
* Smallest volume
* Brightest
* Historical
* Most luminous
* Nearest
* Nearest bright
* With exoplanets
* Brown dwarfs
* White dwarfs
* Milky Way novae
* Supernovae
* Candidates
* Remnants
* Planetary nebulae
* Timeline of stellar astronomy

Related articles|

* Substellar object
* Brown dwarf
* Sub-brown dwarf
* Planet
* Galactic year
* Galaxy
* Guest
* Gravity
* Intergalactic
* Starfield
* Tidal disruption event

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