Kamchatka meteor

Short description: 2018 impact event off eastern Russia

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Kamchatka meteor

The bolide captured by Himawari 8 operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency.

Date| 18 December 2018 (2018-12-18)
Time| 11:48 local time (23:48 UTC)
Location| The Bering Sea, near the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia
Coordinates|  [ ⚑ ] : 56°54′N 172°24′E﻿ / ﻿56.9°N 172.4°E﻿ / 56.9; 172.4
Cause| 10-14-meter (32-45-foot) asteroid[1]
Impact energy: 173 kiloton
Radiated energy: 130 TJ[2]

The Kamchatka meteor was a meteor that exploded in an air burst off the east coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula in eastern Russia on 18 December 2018.[3] At around midday, local time,[4] an asteroid roughly 10 meters in diameter entered the atmosphere at a speed of 32.0 km/s (72,000 mph), with a TNT equivalent energy of 173 kilotons, more than 10 times the energy of the Little Boy bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945.[3] The object entered at a steep angle of 7 degrees, close to the zenith, terminating in an air burst at an altitude of around 25 km (16 mi; 82,000 ft).[3][5]

## Overview

Based on the energy and velocity of the impact, the asteroid had a mass of 1600 tonnes and a diameter of between 10 and 14 meters (33 and 46 ft) depending on its density.[1][6][7] The impact was announced around 8 March 2019,[1] and is the largest asteroid to impact Earth since the 20-meter Chelyabinsk meteor's entry in February 2013, and the third largest recorded meteor since 1900 after that and the Tunguska event.[4]

NASA's Terra satellite and the Japanese Meteorological Agency's Himawari 8 recorded the dust trail from the event, although their observation interval was too long to image the air burst itself.[4]

The dominant period of the CTBTO infrasound was very long, on the order of 20 to 25 seconds, corresponding to energy on the order of 100 to 200 kilotons. The shockwave was strong enough to have cracked windows had the shockwave been over a built-up region.[3]

Even though it was only six years after the previous one, events as large as this are statistically estimated to occur only once every few decades on average.[8]

As of January 2017, over 723,000 asteroids were being tracked in the Solar System, with more discovered, lost and recovered daily. Since 2011, on average, 80 new minor planets of diameter 30–50 meters or more are discovered each day.[9] As of March 2019, 724 (roughly one in a thousand) are classified as potentially hazardous asteroids (PHA). Neither the Chelyabinsk nor the Kamchatka meteors were on the list and would have been too small to detect with current resources.[8]

Template:Float right clear none Template:Russian meteor events.map

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Meteor Scientist Peter Brown
2. ↑ Fireball and Bolide Reports (JPL)
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Leonard David. "Huge Meteor Explosion a Wake-Up Call for Planetary Defense". Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/huge-meteor-explosion-a-wake-up-call-for-planetary-defense/.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Rincon, Paul (18 March 2019). "US detects huge meteor explosion". BBC. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-47607696.
5. ↑ "NASA told about the big meteor explosion in Kamchatka, which nobody noticed". 24-my.info. 18 March 2019. https://24-my.info/nasa-told-about-the-big-meteor-explosion-in-kamchatka-which-nobody-noticed/.
6. ↑ "Asteroid impact calculator". http://convertalot.com/asteroid_impact_calculator.html.
7. ↑ Molina, Brett (19 March 2019). "Scientists explain why we're just now learning about a giant meteor that exploded over Earth last year" (in en). USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2019/03/19/meteor-exploded-over-bering-sea-biggest-blast-since-2013-says-nasa/3211856002/.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Robin Andrews (18 March 2019). "A Meteor Caused A Huge Explosion Over The Bering Sea. Here's Everything You Need To Know". https://www.forbes.com/sites/robinandrews/2019/03/18/a-meteor-caused-a-huge-explosion-over-the-bering-sea-heres-everything-you-need-to-know/.
9. ↑ "Running Tallies – Minor Planets Discovered". IAU Minor Planet Center. http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/.

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Modern impact events

On Earth|

| Pre-2000|

* 1490 Ch'ing-yang
* 1783 Great Meteor
* 1860 Great Meteor
* 1896 Madrid Meteor
* 1908 Tunguska
* 1913 Great Meteor Procession
* 1930 Curuçá River
* 1938 Chicora meteor
* 1947 Sikhote-Alin meteorite
* 1969 Murchison meteorite
* 1972 Great Daylight Fireball
* 1990 Earth-grazing meteoroid

|

Post-2000|

* 2002 Eastern Mediterranean
* 2002 Vitim
* 2007 Carancas
* 2008 TC3 impact
* 2008 Buzzard Coulee meteorite
* 2009 Sulawesi superbolide
* 2012 Sutter's Mill meteorite
* 2012 UK meteoroid
* 2012 Novato meteorite
* 2013 Chelyabinsk meteor
* Chelyabinsk meteorite
* 2014 AA impact
* 2014 Ontario fireball
* 2015 Kerala meteorite
* 2015 Thailand bolide
* WT1190F impact
* 2017 China bolide
* 2018 LA impact
* 2018 Kamchatka meteor
* 2019 MO impact

On Jupiter|

* 1994 Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9
* 2009 Jupiter impact
* 2010 Jupiter impact

Lists|

* Asteroid close approaches to Earth
* Comets
* Bolides
* Meteor air bursts
* Meteorite falls
* Minor planets
* crossing Earth's orbit

See also|

* Asteroid impact prediction
* Asteroid impact avoidance
* Bolide
* Earth-grazing fireball
* Meteor procession
* Meteor shower
* Meteorite
* Meteoroid
* Near-Earth object
* Potentially hazardous object

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2018 in space

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Space probe launches |

* TESS (lunar flyby; Apr 2018)
* InSight / Mars Cube One (mission to Mars; May 2018)
* Parker Solar Probe (solar space mission; Aug 2018)
* BepiColombo (mission to Mercury; Oct 2018)
* Chang'e 4 / Yutu-2 (mission to the Moon; Dec 2018)

Impact events|

* 2018 LA
* Kamchatka meteor

Selected NEOs|

* Asteroid close approaches
* 2010 WC9
* 2017 VR12
* 2017 YE5
* 2017 YZ1
* 2018 AH
* 2018 BD
* 2018 BF3
* 2018 CB
* 2018 CC
* 2018 CF2
* 2018 CL
* 2018 CN2
* 2018 CY2
* 2018 DV1
* 2018 GE3
* 2018 PD20
* 2018 LF16
* 2018 WV1
* (276033) 2002 AJ129
* (163899) 2003 SD220
* (505657) 2014 SR339

Exoplanets |

* Gliese 1132 c
* K2-141b
* K2-146b
* K2-148b
* K2-155d
* K2-229b
* K2-239b
* K2-239c
* K2-239d
* K2-288Bb
* Barnard's Star b
* EPIC 211945201 b
* HD 89345 b
* KELT-21b
* NGTS-3Ab

Discoveries|

* AT2018cow
* Novae (List)
* Carina
* Musca
* Perseus
* MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1
* Hyperion proto-supercluster
* 2015 TH367 (orbit announced)
* 2015 TG387 (orbit announced)
* 2017 OF69 (announced)
* 2018 VG18

Comets |

* C/2018 V1
* 46P/Wirtanen
* Hyperbolic comets
* C/2017 U7 (announced in 2018)
* C/2018 C2 (Lemmon)
* C/2018 F4 (PANSTARRS)

Space exploration|

* Hayabusa2 (asteroid Ryugu arrival; June 2018)
* OSIRIS-REx (asteroid Bennu arrival; Dec 2018)
* New Horizons (encounter with 486958 Arrokoth; Dec 2018 / Jan 2019)
* Dawn retirement
* Kepler retirement

* Category:2017 in space — Category:2018 in space — Category:2019 in space

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2019 in space

* « 2018

2020 »

Space probe launches |

* Beresheet (lunar lander; Feb 2019)
* Chandrayaan-2 / Vikram / Pragyan (lunar obiter, lander and rover; Jul 2019)

Impact events|

* Kamchatka meteor (announced)
* 2019 MO

Selected NEOs|

* Asteroid close approaches
* 2016 AZ8
* 2018 XB4
* (12538) 1998 OH
* 66391 Moshup
* 1620 Geographos
* 2100 Ra-Shalom
* 2006 QV89
* 2019 SU3
* 2019 TA7
* 2019 UN13

Exoplanets |

* K2-288Bb
* Wolf 359 b and c
* Struve 2398 Bb and Bc
* Luyten's Star d and e
* L 1159-16 b, c, and d
* Gliese 687 c
* AD Leonis b
* Gliese 251 c
* LP 816-60 b
* Gliese 754 b
* Gliese 588 b and c
* Gliese 784 b
* Gliese 555 b
* Teegarden's Star b and c

Discoveries|

* 2019 AQ3
* ASASSN-19bt
* EPIC 204376071
* FarFarOut
* K2-18b water vapor detected on exoplanet
* Messier 87 supermassive black hole M87* imaged
* 2I/Borisov
* WD 0145+234 detection of exoasteroid disruption
* WD J0914+1914

Comets |

* 289P/Blanpain
* 78P/Gehrels
* 168P/Hergenrother
* 163P/NEAT
* 138P/Shoemaker–Levy
* 171P/Spahr

Space exploration|

* New Horizons (encounter with 486958 Arrokoth; Dec 2018 / Jan 2019)
* Chang'e 4 / Yutu-2 (landing on the far side of the Moon; Jan 2019)
* Hayabusa2 (departure from 162173 Ryugu; Dec 2019)

* Category:2018 in space — Category:2019 in space — Category:2020 in space

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