Kronberger 61

Kronberger 61Emission nebula

Planetary nebula

Image of the Kronberger 61 nebula taken by the Gemini Observatory

Observation data: J2000 epoch
Right ascension|  19h 21m 38.936s[1]
Declination| +38° 18′ 57.2420″[1]
Apparent dimensions (V)| 1' 30"
Constellation| Cygnus
Designations| Kronberger 61, Soccer Ball Nebula[1]
See also: Lists of nebulae

Kronberger 61, also known as the "soccer ball", is a planetary nebula discovered by an amateur astronomer in January, 2011, with the newer images having been taken by the Gemini Observatory.[2] The nebula is named for Austrian Mattias Kronberger,[3] who is a member of the amateur group Deep Sky Hunters. The object is estimated to lie 13,000 light-years away. They discovered the nebula while searching near the northern constellation of Cygnus.[4] It is hoped that the discovery will help resolve a decades-old debate, regarding the role of stellar companions in the formation and structure of planetary nebulae.[5]

The nebula is within a relatively small area, which is currently being monitored by NASA's Kepler planet finding mission and the light of the nebula is primarily due to the emissions from doubly ionized oxygen.[5]

## See also

* IRAS 19475+3119, protoplanetary nebula of Cygnus
* List of largest nebulae

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "NAME Soccer Ball Nebula". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=NAME+Soccer+Ball+Nebula.
2. ↑ Mosher, Dave. "'Soccer Ball' Nebula Discovered by Amateur Astronomer". National Geographic. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/07/110726-soccer-ball-nebula-space-science-stars/?source=link_fb20110727soccerballnebula.
3. ↑ "Österreichischer Hobby-Astronom entdeckt prachtvollen Planetarischen Nebel" (in de-AT). https://www.derstandard.at/story/1310512292723/kronberger-61-oesterreichischer-hobby-astronom-entdeckt-prachtvollen-planetarischen-nebel.
4. ↑ Moore, Kurt (July 28, 2011). "New Planetary Nebula Found By Amateur Astronomer". KRIV (TV). http://www.myfoxhouston.com/dpps/dpg_original/new-planetary-nebula-found-by-amateur-astronomer-dpgoh-20110728-ch_14326206.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Jacoby, George (8 August 2011). "Gemini Observatory Image Release". Gemini Observatory. http://www.gemini.edu/node/11656.

* v
* t
* e

Constellation of Cygnus

* List of stars in Cygnus

Stars|

| Bayer|

* α (Deneb)
* β (Albireo)
* γ (Sadr)
* δ (Fawaris)
* ε (Aljanah)
* ζ
* η
* θ
* ι1
* ι2
* κ
* λ
* μ
* ν
* ξ
* π1 (Azelfafage)
* π2
* ρ
* σ
* τ
* υ
* φ
* χ
* ψ
* ω1
* ω2
* P
* Q

|

Flamsteed|

* 2
* 4
* 8
* 9
* 14
* 15
* 16 (c)
* 17
* 20 (d)
* 22
* 23
* 26 (e)
* 27 (b1)
* 28 (b2)
* 29 (b3)
* 30
* 31
* 32
* 33
* 35
* 39
* 41
* 47
* 52
* 55
* 56
* 57
* 59 (f1)
* 61
* 63 (f2)
* 68 (A)
* 71 (g)
* 72
* 74
* 75

Variable|

* R
* T
* W
* RW
* SS
* TT
* BC
* BI
* CH
* KY
* V404
* V476
* V1057
* V1143
* V1191
* V1489
* V1500
* V1668
* V1974
* V2513

HR|

* 7633
* 7912
* 8193

HD|

* 185269
* 185435
* 187123
* 188753
* 191806

Gliese|

* 777
* 806
* 1245

Kepler|

* 5
* 6
* 11
* 15
* 16
* 17
* 18
* 22
* 23
* 27
* 28
* 29
* 31
* 32
* 33
* 34
* 35
* 36
* 39
* 40
* 41
* 42
* 43
* 44
* 45
* 47
* 51
* 56
* 61
* 66
* 67
* 68
* 69
* 70
* 78
* 80
* 84
* 86
* 89
* 107
* 182
* 186
* 223
* 371
* 419
* 432
* 451
* 452
* 1229
* 1520
* 1625

Other|

* AFGL 2591
* BD+40° 4210
* BD+43 3654
* Cygnus OB2 #8A
* Cygnus OB2 #12
* Cygnus X-1
* Cygnus X-3
* G 208-44
* G 208-45
* HAT-P-7
* HAT-P-11
* HAT-P-17
* KELT-9
* KIC 8462852
* KIC 9832227
* KIC 11026764
* KOI-74
* KOI-81
* KOI-256
* KPD 1930+2752
* MWC 349
* N6946-BH1
* NML Cygni
* PH1
* PSR J2032+4127
* W75N(B)-VLA2
* WISE J2000+3629
* WR 134
* WR 135
* WR 136
* WR 137
* WR 140
* WR 142
* WR 147
* WR 148

Former|

* 3

Star
clusters|

| Association|

* Cygnus OB2
* Cygnus OB7

|

Open|

* DR 6
* IC 5146
* Messier 29
* Messier 39
* NGC 6811
* NGC 6819
* NGC 6834
* NGC 6866
* NGC 6871
* NGC 6910

Molecular
clouds|

* Cygnus X (including DR 21)

Nebulae|

| Dark|

* Barnard 146
* Barnard 147
* IC 5146
* L1014

|

H II|

* NGC 6914
* North America Nebula
* Pelican Nebula
* Sadr Region
* Sh2-101
* Sh2-106

Planetary|

* Abell 78
* Egg Nebula
* IRAS 19475+3119
* Kronberger 61
* M1-92
* NGC 6826
* NGC 6881
* NGC 6884
* NGC 7008
* NGC 7026
* NGC 7027
* NGC 7048
* Soap Bubble Nebula

WR|

* Crescent Nebula

SNR|

* Cygnus Loop (including Veil Nebula)

Galaxies|

| NGC|

* 6801
* 6946
* 7013

|

Other|

* 3C 438
* Cygnus A

* v
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2011 in space

* « 2010

2012 »

Space probe launches |

* Juno (Jupiter orbiter; Aug 2011)
* GRAIL (mission to the Moon; Sep 2011)
* Yinghuo-1 (Mars orbiter); Nov 2011)
* Mars Science Laboratory / Curiosity rover (mission to Mars; Nov 2011)
* Fobos-Grunt (mission to Mars; Nov 2011)

Selected NEOs|

* Asteroid close approaches
* (367789) 2011 AG5
* (471240) 2011 BT15
* 2011 CQ1
* 2011 ES4
* 2011 EO40
* 2011 GA
* 2009 BD
* 2011 MD
* (415029) 2011 UL21
* (436724) 2011 UW158
* (308635) 2005 YU55
* 2011 WL2
* 2011 XC2

Exoplanets |

* 82 G. Eridani (b * c * d)
* Gliese 433 b
* habitability of Gliese 581 d
* Gliese 3634 b
* HAT-P-32b
* HAT-P-33b
* HD 7199
* HD 82886 b
* HD 85512 b
* HD 98219 b
* HD 100655 b
* HD 131496 b
* HD 137388 b
* HIP 57274 (b * c * d)
* HR 7722 c
* Kepler-9d
* Kepler-10 (b * c)
* Kepler-11 (b * c * d * e * f * g)
* Kepler-14b
* Kepler-16b
* Kepler-18 (b * c * d)
* Kepler-20 (b * c * d * e * f)
* Kepler-22b
* Kepler-39b
* Kepler-70 (b * c)
* LkCa 15 b
* MOA-2009-BLG-387Lb
* PSR J1719−1438 b
* WASP-39b
* WASP-43b
* WASP-44b

Discoveries|

* UDFj-39546284
* GRB 110328A
* Kronberger 61
* WD 0806−661
* ULAS J1120+0641
* Kerberos (moon)
* PSR J1719−1438
* Uranus trojan 2011 QF99
* U1.11
* SDSS J102915+172927
* 2 moons of Jupiter
* GRB 111209A

Novae|

* SN 2010lt
* SN 2011by
* SN 2011dh
* SN 2011fe

Comets |

* P/2011 NO1 (Elenin)
* 45P/Honda–Mrkos–Pajdušáková
* C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy)

Space exploration|

* MESSENGER (Mercury orbital insertion; Apr)
* Spirit (end of mission; Mar 2010 / May 2011)
* Dawn (Vesta orbital insertion; Jul)

* Category:2010 in space — Category:2011 in space — Category:2012 in space

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