List of natural satellites

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Solar System

Objects

* by orbit
* by size
* by discovery date
* models

Lists

* Gravitationally-rounded
(equilibrium) objects

* Possible dwarf planets
* Moons (natural satellites)
* Planetary-mass moons
* Minor planets

* Comets
* Asteroids

Planets

* Mercury
* Venus
* Earth
* Mars
* Jupiter
* Saturn
* Uranus
* Neptune

* v
* t
* e

Of the Solar System's eight planets and its nine most likely dwarf planets, six planets and seven dwarf planets are known to be orbited by at least 297 natural satellites, or moons. At least 19 of them are large enough to be gravitationally rounded; of these, all are covered by a crust of ice except for Earth's Moon and Jupiter's Io.[1] Several of the largest ones are in hydrostatic equilibrium and would therefore be considered dwarf planets or planets if they were in direct orbit around the Sun and not in their current states (orbiting planets or dwarf planets).

Moons are classed into two separate categories according to their orbits: regular moons, which have prograde orbits (they orbit in the direction of their planets' rotation) and lie close to the plane of their equators, and irregular moons, whose orbits can be pro- or retrograde (against the direction of their planets' rotation) and often lie at extreme angles to their planets' equators. Irregular moons are probably minor planets that have been captured from surrounding space. Most irregular moons are less than 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) in diameter.

The earliest published discovery of a moon other than Earth's was by Galileo Galilei, who discovered the four Galilean moons orbiting Jupiter in 1610. Over the following three centuries, only a few more moons were discovered. Missions to other planets in the 1970s, most notably the Voyager 1 and 2 missions, saw a surge in the number of moons detected, and observations since the year 2000, using mostly large, ground-based optical telescopes, have discovered many more, all of which are irregular.

## Contents

* 1 Moons by primary
* 2 List
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Moons by primary

Some moons, minor planets and comets of the Solar System to scale (major planets not to scale) Selected moons, with Earth to scale. Nineteen moons are large enough to be round, and one, Titan, has a substantial atmosphere. The number of moons discovered in each year until November 2019

Mercury, the smallest and innermost planet, has no moons, or at least none that can be detected to a diameter of 1.6 km (1.0 mi).[2] For a very short time in 1974, Mercury was thought to have a moon.

Venus also has no moons,[3] though reports of a moon around Venus have circulated since the 17th century.

Earth has one Moon, the largest moon of any rocky planet in the Solar System. Earth also has more than 20 known co-orbitals, including the asteroids 3753 Cruithne and 469219 Kamoʻoalewa, and the occasional temporary satellite, like 2020 CD3; however, since they do not permanently orbit Earth, they are not considered moons. (See Other moons of Earth and Quasi-satellite.)

Mars has two known moons, Phobos and Deimos ("fear" and "dread", after attendants of Ares, the Greek god of war, equivalent to the Roman Mars). Searches for more satellites have been unsuccessful, putting the maximum radius of any other satellites at 90 m (100 yd).[4]

Jupiter has 95 moons with known orbits; 72 of them have received permanent designations, and 57 have been named. Its eight regular moons are grouped into the planet-sized Galilean moons and the far smaller Amalthea group. They were named after lovers of Zeus, the Greek equivalent of Jupiter. Among them is Ganymede, the largest and most massive moon in the Solar System. Its 87 known irregular moons are organized into two categories: prograde and retrograde. The prograde satellites consist of the Himalia group and three others in groups of one. The retrograde moons are grouped into the Carme, Ananke and Pasiphae groups.

Saturn has 146 moons with known orbits; 66 of them have received permanent designations, and 63 have been named. Most of them are quite small. Seven moons are large enough to be in hydrostatic equilibrium, including Titan, the second largest moon in the Solar System. Including these large moons, 24 of Saturn's moons are regular, and traditionally named after Titans or other figures associated with the mythological Saturn. The remaining 122 are irregular, and classified by their orbital characteristics into Inuit, Norse, and Gallic groups, and their names are chosen from the corresponding mythologies the groups are named after. The rings of Saturn are made up of icy objects ranging in size from one centimetre to hundreds of metres, each of which is on its own orbit about the planet. Thus, a precise number of Saturnian moons cannot be given, as there is no objective boundary between the countless small anonymous objects that form Saturn's ring system and the larger objects that have been named as moons. At least 150 "moonlets" embedded in the rings have been detected by the disturbance they create in the surrounding ring material, though this is thought to be only a small sample of the total population of such objects.

Uranus has 27 known moons, five of which are massive enough to have achieved hydrostatic equilibrium. There are 13 moons that orbit within Uranus's ring system, and another nine outer irregular moons. Unlike most planetary moons, which are named from antiquity, all the moons of Uranus are named after characters from the works of Shakespeare and Alexander Pope's work The Rape of the Lock.

Neptune has 14 known moons; the largest, Triton, accounts for more than 99.5 percent of all the mass orbiting the planet. Triton is large enough to have achieved hydrostatic equilibrium, but, uniquely for a large moon, has a retrograde orbit, suggesting it was a dwarf planet that was captured. Neptune also has seven known inner regular satellites, and six outer irregular satellites.

Pluto, a dwarf planet, has five moons. Its largest moon Charon, named after the ferryman who took souls across the River Styx, is more than half as large as Pluto itself, and large enough to orbit a point outside Pluto's surface. In effect, each orbits the other, forming a binary system informally referred to as a double-dwarf-planet. Pluto's four other moons, Nix, Hydra, Kerberos and Styx are far smaller and orbit the Pluto–Charon system.[5]

Among the other dwarf planets, Ceres has no known moons. It is 90 percent certain that Ceres has no moons larger than 1 km in size, assuming that they would have the same albedo as Ceres itself.[6] Eris has one large known moon, Dysnomia. Accurately determining its size is difficult: one indicative estimate of its radius is 350±57.5 km.[7]

Two objects were named as dwarf planets, under the expectation that they would prove to be so (though this remains uncertain). Haumea has two moons, Hiʻiaka and Namaka, of radii ~195 and ~100 km, respectively.[8] Makemake has one moon, discovered in April 2016.

A number of other objects in the Kuiper belt and scattered disk may turn out to be dwarf planets. Orcus, Quaoar, Gonggong, and Sedna are generally agreed to be dwarf planets among astronomers, and all but Sedna are known to have moons.[9] A number of other smaller objects, such as Salacia, Varda, and 2013 FY27, also have moons, although their dwarf planethood is more doubtful. This list includes all objects with a best estimated diameter above 700 km, including 2003 AZ84 whose satellite has not been seen since its initial discovery.

As of October 2022[update], 365 asteroid moons and 128 trans-Neptunian moons (including those of Pluto and the other dwarf planets) had been discovered.[10]

Summary – number of moons  Planet  | Mercury | Venus | Earth | Mars | Jupiter | Saturn | Uranus | Neptune

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Number of moons  | 0  | 0  | 1 | 2 | 95 | 146 | 27 | 14

Likely dwarf planets  | Ceres | Orcus | Pluto | Haumea | Quaoar | Makemake | Gonggong | Eris | Sedna

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Number of moons | 0  | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1  | 1  | 1  | 1 | 0

Possible dwarf planet candidates  | 2003 AZ84 | Ixion | Salacia | 2002 MS4 | Varda | 2002 AW197 | 2013 FY27

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Number of moons | 1 | 0  | 1 | 0  | 1  | 0  | 1

Minor planet

See list

Due to Earth's varying distance from these planets (as well as their distance to the Sun), the limits at which we are able to detect new moons are very inconsistent. As the below graph demonstrates, the absolute magnitude (total inherent brightness, abbreviated H) of moons we have detected around planets peaks at H = 17 for Jupiter, H = 16 for Saturn, H = 13 for Uranus, and H = 11 for Neptune.[clarification needed] Smaller moons may (and most likely do) exist around each of these planets, but are currently undetectable from Earth. Although spacecraft have visited all of these planets, Earth-based telescopes continue to outperform them in moon-detection ability due to their greater availability for wide-field surveys.[citation needed]

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## List

This is a list of the recognized moons of the planets and of the largest potential dwarf planets of the Solar System, ordered by their official Roman numeral designations. Moons that do not yet have official Roman numeral designations (because their orbits are not yet known well enough) are listed after those that do.

The 19 moons that are known to be large enough to have been rounded by their own gravity are listed in bold. The seven largest moons, which are larger than any of the known dwarf planets, are listed in bold and italic. Sidereal period differs from semi-major axis because a moon's speed depends both on the mass of its primary and its distance from it.

Satellites of planets

Satellite of Earth | Satellites of Jupiter | Satellites of Uranus
Satellites of Mars | Satellites of Saturn | Satellites of Neptune
Satellites of generally agreed dwarf planets
Satellite of Orcus | Satellites of Pluto | Satellites of Haumea
Satellite of Quaoar | Satellite of Makemake | Satellite of Gonggong
Satellite of Eris |  |
Satellites of other dwarf planet candidates
Satellite of 2003 AZ84 | Satellite of Salacia | Satellite of Varda
Satellite of 2013 FY27 |  |
Name  | Image  | Parent  | Numeral  | Mean radius (km)  | Orbital semi-major axis (km)  | Sidereal period (d)
(r = retrograde)  | Discovery year  | Year Announced  | Discovered by  | Notes  | Ref(s)

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Moon |  | Earth | I (1) | 01738 1,738  | 384,399 | 27.321582  | 0 Prehistoric | 0 Prehistory  | — | Synchronous rotation (Binary) | [11]
Phobos |  | Mars | I (1) | 00011.267 11.267  | 9,380 | 0.319  | 1877 | 1877 | Hall | Synchronous rotation | [12][13][14]
Deimos |  | Mars | II (2) | 0006.2 6.2±0.18 | 23,460 | 1.262  | 1877 | 1877 | Hall | Synchronous rotation | [12][13][14]
Io |  | Jupiter | I (1) | 1821.6 1,821.6±0.5 | 421,800 | 1.769  | 1610 | 1610 | Galileo | Main-group moon (Galilean) | [14][15]
Europa |  | Jupiter | II (2) | 01560.8 1,560.8±0.5 | 671,100 | 3.551  | 1610 | 1610 | Galileo | Main-group moon (Galilean) | [14][15]
Ganymede |  | Jupiter | III (3) | 2634.1 2,634.1±0.3 | 1,070,400 | 7.155  | 1610 | 1610 | Galileo | Main-group moon (Galilean) | [14][15]
Callisto |  | Jupiter | IV (4) | 02410.3 2,410.3±1.5 | 1,882,700 | 16.69  | 1610 | 1610 | Galileo | Main-group moon (Galilean) | [14][15]
Amalthea |  | Jupiter | V (5) | 0083.5 83.5±2 | 181,400 | 0.498  | 1892 | 1892 | Barnard | Inner moon (Amalthea) | [13][14][16]
Himalia |  | Jupiter | VI (6) | 00069.8 69.8  | 11,461,000 | 250.56  | 1904 | 1905 | Perrine | Prograde irregular (Himalia) | [13][14][17][18]
Elara |  | Jupiter | VII (7) | 00043 43  | 11,741,000 | 259.64  | 1905 | 1905 | Perrine | Prograde irregular (Himalia) | [13][14][19]
Pasiphae |  | Jupiter | VIII (8) | 00030 30  | 23,624,000 | 743.63 (r)  | 1908 | 1908 | Melotte | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14][20]
Sinope |  | Jupiter | IX (9) | 00019 19  | 23,939,000 | 758.90 (r)  | 1914 | 1914 | Nicholson | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14][21]
Lysithea |  | Jupiter | X (10) | 00018 18  | 11,717,000 | 259.20  | 1938 | 1938 | Nicholson | Prograde irregular (Himalia) | [13][14][22]
Carme |  | Jupiter | XI (11) | 00023 23  | 23,404,000 | 734.17 (r)  | 1938 | 1938 | Nicholson | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][22]
Ananke |  | Jupiter | XII (12) | 00014 14  | 21,276,000 | 629.77 (r)  | 1951 | 1951 | Nicholson | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14][23]
Leda |  | Jupiter | XIII (13) | 00010 10  | 11,165,000 | 240.92  | 1974 | 1974 | Kowal | Prograde irregular (Himalia) | [13][14][24]
Thebe |  | Jupiter | XIV (14) | 0049.3 49.3±2.0 | 221,900 | 0.675  | 1979 | 1980 | Synnott (Voyager 1) | Inner moon (Amalthea) | [13][14][25]
Adrastea |  | Jupiter | XV (15) | 0008.2 8.2±2.0 | 129,000 | 0.298  | 1979 | 1979 | Jewitt, Danielson (Voyager 1) | Inner moon (Amalthea) | [13][14][26]
Metis |  | Jupiter | XVI (16) | 0021.5 21.5±2.0 | 128,000 | 0.295  | 1979 | 1980 | Synnott (Voyager 1) | Inner moon (Amalthea) | [13][14][27]
Callirrhoe |  | Jupiter | XVII (17) | 00004.5 4.5  | 24,103,000 | 758.77 (r)  | 1999 | 2000 | Scotti, Spahr, McMillan, Larsen, Montani, Gleason, Gehrels | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14][28]
Themisto |  | Jupiter | XVIII (18) | 00004 4  | 7,284,000 | 130.02  | 1975/2000 | 1975/2000 | Kowal and Roemer (original); Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier (rediscovery) | Prograde irregular (Themisto) | [13][14][29][30]
Megaclite |  | Jupiter | XIX (19) | 0002.7 2.7  | 23,493,000 | 752.86 (r)  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14][31]
Taygete |  | Jupiter | XX (20) | 0002.5 2.5  | 23,280,000 | 732.41 (r)  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][31]
Chaldene |  | Jupiter | XXI (21) | 0001.90 1.9  | 23,100,000 | 723.72 (r)  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][31]
Harpalyke |  | Jupiter | XXII (22) | 0002.2 2.2  | 20,858,000 | 623.32 (r)  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14][31]
Kalyke |  | Jupiter | XXIII (23) | 0002.6 2.6  | 23,483,000 | 742.06 (r)  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][31]
Iocaste |  | Jupiter | XXIV (24) | 0002.6 2.6  | 21,060,000 | 631.60 (r)  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14][31]
Erinome |  | Jupiter | XXV (25) | 00001.60 1.6  | 23,196,000 | 728.46 (r)  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][31]
Isonoe |  | Jupiter | XXVI (26) | 00001.9 1.9  | 23,155,000 | 726.23 (r)  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][31]
Praxidike |  | Jupiter | XXVII (27) | 00003.5 3.5  | 20,908,000 | 625.39 (r)  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14][31]
Autonoe |  | Jupiter | XXVIII (28) | 00002 2  | 24,046,000 | 760.95 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) |
Thyone |  | Jupiter | XXIX (29) | 00002 2  | 20,939,000 | 627.21 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14][32]
Hermippe |  | Jupiter | XXX (30) | 00002 2  | 21,131,000 | 633.9 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14][32]
Aitne |  | Jupiter | XXXI (31) | 0001.50 1.5  | 23,229,000 | 730.18 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][32]
Eurydome |  | Jupiter | XXXII (32) | 0001.50 1.5  | 22,865,000 | 717.33 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14][32]
Euanthe |  | Jupiter | XXXIII (33) | 0001.50 1.5  | 20,797,000 | 620.49 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14][32]
Euporie |  | Jupiter | XXXIV (34) | 00001 1  | 19,304,000 | 550.74 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14][32]
Orthosie |  | Jupiter | XXXV (35) | 00001 1  | 20,720,000 | 622.56 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14][32]
Sponde |  | Jupiter | XXXVI (36) | 00001 1  | 23,487,000 | 748.34 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14][32]
Kale |  | Jupiter | XXXVII (37) | 00001 1  | 23,217,000 | 729.47 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][32]
Pasithee |  | Jupiter | XXXVIII (38) | 00001 1  | 23,004,000 | 719.44 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][32]
Hegemone |  | Jupiter | XXXIX (39) | 0001.50 1.5  | 23,577,000 | 739.88 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14]
Mneme |  | Jupiter | XL (40) | 00001 1  | 21,035,000 | 620.04 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Gladman, Allen | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14]
Aoede |  | Jupiter | XLI (41) | 00002 2  | 23,980,000 | 761.50 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14]
Thelxinoe |  | Jupiter | XLII (42) | 00001 1  | 21,164,000 | 628.09 (r)  | 2003 | 2004 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14]
Arche |  | Jupiter | XLIII (43) | 0001.50 1.5  | 23,355,000 | 731.95 (r)  | 2002 | 2002 | Sheppard, Meech, Hsieh, Tholen, Tonry | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14][32]
Kallichore |  | Jupiter | XLIV (44) | 00001 1  | 23,288,000 | 728.73 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14]
Helike |  | Jupiter | XLV (45) | 00002 2  | 21,069,000 | 626.32 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14]
Carpo |  | Jupiter | XLVI (46) | 0001.50 1.5  | 17,058,000 | 456.30  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen, Jewitt, Kleyna | Prograde irregular (Carpo) | [13][14]
Eukelade |  | Jupiter | XLVII (47) | 00002 2  | 23,328,000 | 730.47 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14]
Cyllene |  | Jupiter | XLVIII (48) | 00001 1  | 23,809,000 | 752 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14]
Kore |  | Jupiter | XLIX (49) | 00001 1  | 24,543,000 | 779.17 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14]
Herse |  | Jupiter | L (50) | 00001 1  | 22,983,000 | 714.51 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][14]
S/2010 J 1 |  | Jupiter | LI (51) | 00001 1  | 23,314,300 | 723.2 (r)  | 2010 | 2011 | Jacobson, Brozović, Gladman, Alexandersen | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [33]
S/2010 J 2 |  | Jupiter | LII (52) | 0000.50 0.5  | 20,307,200 | 588.1 (r)  | 2010 | 2011 | Veillet | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [33]
Dia |  | Jupiter | LIII (53) | 00002 2  | 12,118,000 | 287.0  | 2000 | 2001 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh | Prograde irregular (Himalia) | [33]
S/2016 J 1 |  | Jupiter | LIV (54) | 00001 1  | 20,595,500 | 602.7 (r)  | 2016 | 2017 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [33]
S/2003 J 18 |  | Jupiter | LV (55) | 00001 1  | 20,274,000 | 588.0 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [33]
S/2011 J 2 |  | Jupiter | LVI (56) | 0000.50 0.5  | 23,329,700 | 726.8 (r)  | 2011 | 2012 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [33]
Eirene |  | Jupiter | LVII (57) | 00002 2  | 23,731,800 | 759.7 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [33]
Philophrosyne |  | Jupiter | LVIII (58) | 00001 1  | 22,820,000 | 701.3 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [33]
S/2017 J 1 |  | Jupiter | LIX (59) | 00002 2  | 23,484,000 | 734.2 (r)  | 2017 | 2017 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [33]
Eupheme |  | Jupiter | LX (60) | 00001 1  | 21,199,710 | 627.8 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [33]
S/2003 J 19 |  | Jupiter | LXI (61) | 00001 1  | 22,757,000 | 697.6 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [33]
Valetudo |  | Jupiter | LXII (62) | 0000.50 0.5  | 18,928,100 | 532.0  | 2016 | 2018 | Sheppard | Prograde irregular (Valetudo) | [33]
S/2017 J 2 |  | Jupiter | LXIII (63) | 00001 1  | 23,241,000 | 723.8 (r)  | 2017 | 2018 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [33]
S/2017 J 3 |  | Jupiter | LXIV (64) | 00001 1  | 20,639,300 | 605.8 (r)  | 2017 | 2018 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [33]
Pandia |  | Jupiter | LXV (65) | 00001.5 1.5  | 11,494,800 | 251.8  | 2017 | 2018 | Sheppard | Prograde irregular (Himalia) | [33]
S/2017 J 5 |  | Jupiter | LXVI (66) | 00001 1  | 23,169,400 | 720.5 (r)  | 2017 | 2018 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [33]
S/2017 J 6 |  | Jupiter | LXVII (67) | 00001 1  | 22,394,700 | 684.7 (r)  | 2017 | 2018 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [33]
S/2017 J 7 |  | Jupiter | LXVIII (68) | 00001 1  | 20,571,500 | 602.8 (r)  | 2017 | 2018 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [33]
S/2017 J 8 |  | Jupiter | LXIX (69) | 0000.50 0.5  | 23,174,400 | 720.7 (r)  | 2017 | 2018 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [33]
S/2017 J 9 |  | Jupiter | LXX (70) | 00001 1  | 21,430,000 | 640.9 (r)  | 2017 | 2018 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [33]
Ersa |  | Jupiter | LXXI (71) | 1.5 | 11,453,000 | 250.4  | 2018 | 2018 | Sheppard | Prograde irregular (Himalia) | [33]
S/2011 J 1 |  | Jupiter | LXXII (72) | 0000.50 0.5  | 20,155,300 | 580.7 (r)  | 2011 | 2012 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [33]
S/2003 J 2  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 20,554,400 | 602.02 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14]
S/2003 J 4  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 22,048,600 | 668.85 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, Hsieh | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14]
S/2003 J 9  |  | Jupiter | — | 0000.50 0.5  | 24,168,700 | 767.6 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [13][34]
S/2003 J 10  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 22,896,000 | 707.78 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández | Retrograde irregular (Carme?) | [13][14]
S/2003 J 12  |  | Jupiter | — | 0000.50 0.5  | 21,557,700 | 646.64 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][14]
S/2003 J 16  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 20,512,500 | 600.18 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [13][35]
S/2003 J 23  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 24,678,100 | 792.00 (r)  | 2003 | 2004 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [13][14]
S/2003 J 24  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001.5 1.5  | 23,088,000 | 715.4 (r)  | 2003 | 2021 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Gladman, Veillet | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [36]
S/2011 J 3  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001.5 1.5  | 11,797,200 | 261.77  | 2011 | 2022 | Sheppard | Prograde irregular (Himalia) | [37]
S/2016 J 3  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 22,213,500 | 676.37 (r)  | 2016 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [38]
S/2016 J 4  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 23,664,100 | 743.69 (r)  | 2016 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) | [39]
S/2018 J 2  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001.5 1.5  | 11,467,500 | 250.88  | 2018 | 2022 | Sheppard | Prograde irregular (Himalia) | [40]
S/2018 J 3  |  | Jupiter | — | 00000.50 0.5  | 22,826,600 | 704.56 (r)  | 2018 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [41]
S/2018 J 4  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 16,504,300 | 433.16  | 2018 | 2023 | Sheppard | Prograde irregular (Carpo) | [42]
S/2021 J 1  |  | Jupiter | — | 00000.50 0.5  | 20,667,200 | 606.99 (r)  | 2021 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [43]
S/2021 J 2  |  | Jupiter | — | 00000.50 0.5  | 21,140,600 | 627.96 (r)  | 2021 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [44]
S/2021 J 3  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 21,495,700 | 643.85 (r)  | 2021 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [45]
S/2021 J 4  |  | Jupiter | — | 00000.50 0.5  | 22,946,700 | 710.13 (r)  | 2021 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [46]
S/2021 J 5  |  | Jupiter | — | 00001 1  | 22,831,800 | 704.80 (r)  | 2021 | 2023 | Sheppard, Tholen, Trujillo | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [47]
S/2021 J 6  |  | Jupiter | — | 00000.50 0.5  | 23,427,200 | 732.55 (r)  | 2021 | 2023 | Sheppard, Tholen, Trujillo | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [48]
S/2022 J 1  |  | Jupiter | — | 00000.50 0.5  | 22,015,500 | 667.34 (r)  | 2022 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [49]
S/2022 J 2  |  | Jupiter | — | 00000.50 0.5  | 22,413,200 | 685.51 (r)  | 2022 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Carme) | [50]
S/2022 J 3  |  | Jupiter | — | 00000.50 0.5  | 20,912,400 | 617.82 (r)  | 2022 | 2023 | Sheppard | Retrograde irregular (Ananke) | [51]
Mimas |  | Saturn | I (1) | 0198.2 198.2±0.4 | 185,540 | 0.942  | 1789 | 1789 | Herschel | Main-group moon | [13][14]
Enceladus |  | Saturn | II (2) | 00252.1 252.1±0.2 | 238,040 | 1.370  | 1789 | 1789 | Herschel | Main-group moon | [13][14]
Tethys |  | Saturn | III (3) | 00533 533.1±0.7 | 294,670 | 1.888  | 1684 | 1686 | Cassini | Main-group moon (Sidera Lodoicea) | [13][14]
Dione |  | Saturn | IV (4) | 00561.4 561.4±0.4 | 377,420 | 2.737  | 1684 | 1686 | Cassini | Main-group moon (Sidera Lodoicea) | [13][14]
Rhea |  | Saturn | V (5) | 00763.8 763.8±1.0 | 527,070 | 4.518  | 1672 | 1673 | Cassini | Main-group moon (Sidera Lodoicea) | [13][14]
Titan |  | Saturn | VI (6) | 02574.73 2,574.73±0.09 | 1,221,870 | 15.95  | 1655 | 1656 | Huygens | Main-group moon | [13][14]
Hyperion |  | Saturn | VII (7) | 00135 135  | 1,500,880 | 21.28  | 1848 | 1848 | W.Bond, G. Bond, and Lassell | Main-group moon | [13][14]
Iapetus |  | Saturn | VIII (8) | 00735.6 735.6±1.5 | 3,560,840 | 79.33  | 1671 | 1673 | Cassini | Main-group moon (Sidera Lodoicea) | [13][14]
Phoebe |  | Saturn | IX (9) | 00106.5 106.5±0.7 | 12,947,780 | 550.31 (r)  | 1898 | 1899 | Pickering | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Janus |  | Saturn | X (10) | 00089.5 89.5±1.4 | 151,460 | 0.695  | 1966 | 1967 | Dollfus; Voyager 1 (confirmed) | Inner moon (co-orbital) | [13][14]
Epimetheus |  | Saturn | XI (11) | 00058.1 58.1±1.8 | 151,410 | 0.694  | 1966 | 1967 | Walker; Voyager 1 (confirmed) | Inner moon (co-orbital) | [13][14]
Helene |  | Saturn | XII (12) | 00017.6 17.6±0.4 | 377,420 | 2.737  | 1980 | 1980 | Laques, Lecacheux | Main-group trojan | [13][14]
Telesto |  | Saturn | XIII (13) | 00012.4 12.4±0.4 | 294,710 | 1.888  | 1980 | 1980 | Smith, Reitsema, Larson, Fountain (Voyager 1) | Main-group trojan | [13][14]
Calypso |  | Saturn | XIV (14) | 00010.7 10.7±0.7 | 294,710 | 1.888  | 1980 | 1980 | Pascu, Seidelmann, Baum, Currie | Main-group trojan | [13][14]
Atlas |  | Saturn | XV (15) | 00015.1 15.1±0.9 | 137,670 | 0.602  | 1980 | 1980 | Terrile (Voyager 1) | Inner moon (shepherd) | [13][14]
Prometheus |  | Saturn | XVI (16) | 00043.1 43.1±2.7 | 139,380 | 0.613  | 1980 | 1980 | Collins (Voyager 1) | Inner moon (shepherd) | [13][14]
Pandora |  | Saturn | XVII (17) | 00040.7 40.7±1.5 | 141,720 | 0.629  | 1980 | 1980 | Collins (Voyager 1) | Inner moon (shepherd) | [13][14]
Pan |  | Saturn | XVIII (18) | 00014.1 14.1  | 133,580 | 0.575  | 1981 | 1990 | Showalter (Voyager 2) | Inner moon (shepherd) | [13][14]
Ymir |  | Saturn | XIX (19) | 0009 9  | 23,140,400 | 1,315.58 (r)  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Paaliaq |  | Saturn | XX (20) | 0011 11  | 15,200,000 | 686.95  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Paaliaq) | [13][14]
Tarvos |  | Saturn | XXI (21) | 0007.5 7.5  | 17,983,000 | 926.23  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman, Kavelaars | Prograde irregular (Gallic) | [13][14]
Ijiraq |  | Saturn | XXII (22) | 0006 6  | 11,124,000 | 451.42  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman, Kavelaars | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq) | [13][14]
Suttungr |  | Saturn | XXIII (23) | 0003.5 3.5  | 19,459,000 | 1,016.67 (r)  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman, Kavelaars | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Kiviuq |  | Saturn | XXIV (24) | 0008 8  | 11,110,000 | 449.22  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq) | [13][14]
Mundilfari |  | Saturn | XXV (25) | 0003.5 3.5  | 18,628,000 | 952.77 (r)  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman, Kavelaars | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Albiorix |  | Saturn | XXVI (26) | 0016 16  | 16,182,000 | 783.45  | 2000 | 2000 | Holman, Spahr | Prograde irregular (Gallic) | [13][14]
Skathi |  | Saturn | XXVII (27) | 0004 4  | 15,540,000 | 728.20 (r)  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman, Kavelaars | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Erriapus |  | Saturn | XXVIII (28) | 0005 5  | 17,343,000 | 871.19  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman, Kavelaars | Prograde irregular (Gallic) | [13][14]
Siarnaq |  | Saturn | XXIX (29) | 0020 20  | 18,015,400 | 896.44  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman, Kavelaars | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) | [13][14]
Thrymr |  | Saturn | XXX (30) | 0003.5 3.5  | 20,314,000 | 1,094.11 (r)  | 2000 | 2000 | Gladman, Kavelaars | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Narvi |  | Saturn | XXXI (31) | 0003.5 3.5  | 19,007,000 | 1,003.86 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Methone |  | Saturn | XXXII (32) | 0001.45 1.45  | 194,440 | 1.010  | 2004 | 2004 | Porco, Charnoz, Brahic, Dones (Cassini–Huygens) | Alkyonide moon | [14]
Pallene |  | Saturn | XXXIII (33) | 00002.22 2.22  | 212,280 | 1.154  | 2004 | 2004 | Gordon, Murray, Beurle, et al. (Cassini–Huygens) | Alkyonide moon | [14]
Polydeuces |  | Saturn | XXXIV (34) | 00001.3 1.3  | 377,200 | 2.737  | 2004 | 2004 | Porco et al. (Cassini–Huygens) | Main-group trojan | [14]
Daphnis |  | Saturn | XXXV (35) | 0003.80 3.8±0.8 | 136,500 | 0.594  | 2005 | 2005 | Porco et al. (Cassini–Huygens) | Inner moon (shepherd) | [14]
Aegir |  | Saturn | XXXVI (36) | 0003 3  | 20,751,000 | 1,117.52 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Bebhionn |  | Saturn | XXXVII (37) | 0003 3  | 17,119,000 | 834.84  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Prograde irregular (Gallic) | [13][14]
Bergelmir |  | Saturn | XXXVIII (38) | 0003 3  | 19,336,000 | 1,005.74 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Bestla |  | Saturn | XXXIX (39) | 0003.5 3.5  | 20,192,000 | 1,088.72 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Farbauti |  | Saturn | XL (40) | 0002.5 2.5  | 20,377,000 | 1,085.55 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Fenrir |  | Saturn | XLI (41) | 0002 2  | 22,454,000 | 1,260.35 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Fornjot |  | Saturn | XLII (42) | 0003 3  | 25,146,000 | 1,494.2 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Hati |  | Saturn | XLIII (43) | 0003 3  | 19,846,000 | 1,038.61 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
Hyrrokkin |  | Saturn | XLIV (44) | 0004 4  | 18,437,000 | 931.86 (r)  | 2004 | 2006 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
Kari |  | Saturn | XLV (45) | 0003.5 3.5  | 22,089,000 | 1,230.97 (r)  | 2006 | 2006 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
Loge |  | Saturn | XLVI (46) | 0003 3  | 23,058,000 | 1,311.36 (r)  | 2006 | 2006 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
Skoll |  | Saturn | XLVII (47) | 0003 3  | 17,665,000 | 878.29 (r)  | 2006 | 2006 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
Surtur |  | Saturn | XLVIII (48) | 0003 3  | 22,704,000 | 1,297.36 (r)  | 2006 | 2006 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
Anthe |  | Saturn | XLIX (49) | 0000.90 0.9  | 197,700 | 1.0365  | 2007 | 2007 | Porco et al. (Cassini–Huygens) | Alkyonide moon | [52]
Jarnsaxa |  | Saturn | L (50) | 0003 3  | 18,811,000 | 964.74 (r)  | 2006 | 2006 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
Greip |  | Saturn | LI (51) | 0003 3  | 18,206,000 | 921.19 (r)  | 2006 | 2006 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
Tarqeq |  | Saturn | LII (52) | 0003.5 3.5  | 18,009,000 | 887.48  | 2007 | 2007 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) | [14]
Aegaeon |  | Saturn | LIII (53) | 0000.33 0.33  | 167,500 | 0.808  | 2008 | 2009 | Cassini Imaging Science Team Cassini–Huygens | G-ring moonlet | [53][54]
Gridr |  | Saturn | LIV (54) | 0003 3  | 19,418,000 | 1,010.55 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [55]
Angrboda |  | Saturn | LV (55) | 0003 3  | 20,636,000 | 1,107.13 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [56]
Skrymir |  | Saturn | LVI (56) | 0004 4  | 21,163,000 | 1,149.82 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [57]
Gerd |  | Saturn | LVII (57) | 0004 4  | 21,174,000 | 1,150.69 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [58]
S/2004 S 26 |  | Saturn | LVIII (58) | 0004 4  | 26,676,000 | 1,627.18 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [59]
Eggther |  | Saturn | LIX (59) | 0006 6  | 19,976,000 | 1,054.45 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden, Jacobson | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [60]
S/2004 S 29 |  | Saturn | LX (60) | 0004 4  | 16,981,000 | 826.44  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Prograde irregular (Gallic) | [61]
Beli |  | Saturn | LXI (61) | 0003 3  | 20,396,000 | 1,087.84 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [62]
Gunnlod |  | Saturn | LXII (62) | 0004 4  | 21,214,000 | 1,153.96 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [63]
Thiazzi |  | Saturn | LXIII (63) | 0004 4  | 24,168,000 | 1,403.18 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [64]
S/2004 S 34 |  | Saturn | LXIV (64) | 0003 3  | 24,299,000 | 1,414.59 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [65]
Alvaldi |  | Saturn | LXV (65) | 0006 6  | 22,412,000 | 1,253.08 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [66]
Geirrod |  | Saturn | LXVI (66) | 0004 4  | 21,908,000 | 1,211.02 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [67]
S/2004 S 7  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 20,999,000 | 1,140.24 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse?) | [13][14]
S/2004 S 12  |  | Saturn | — | 0002.5 2.5  | 19,878,000 | 1,046.19 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [13][14]
S/2004 S 13  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 18,404,000 | 933.48 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse?) | [13][14]
S/2004 S 17  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 19,447,000 | 1,014.70 (r)  | 2004 | 2005 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse?) | [13][14]
S/2004 S 21  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 22,645,000 | 1,272.61 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [68]
S/2004 S 24  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 22,901,000 | 1,294.25  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Prograde irregular (group unknown, possibly Gallic) | [69]
S/2004 S 28  |  | Saturn | — | 0004 4  | 22,020,000 | 1,220.31 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Retrograde irregular (Norse?) | [70]
S/2004 S 31  |  | Saturn | — | 0004 4  | 17,568,000 | 869.65  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) | [71]
S/2004 S 36  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 23,192,000 | 1,319.07 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [72]
S/2004 S 37  |  | Saturn | — | 0004 4  | 15,892,000 | 748.18 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [73]
S/2004 S 39  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 23,575,000 | 1,351.83 (r)  | 2004 | 2019 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [74]
S/2004 S 40  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 16,075,600 | 765.92 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [75]
S/2004 S 41  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 18,095,000 | 895.76 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [76]
S/2004 S 42  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 18,240,800 | 910.61 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [77]
S/2004 S 43  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 18,935,000 | 971.48 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [78]
S/2004 S 44  |  | Saturn | — | 0002.5 2.5  | 19,515,400 | 1,014.98 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [79]
S/2004 S 45  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 19,693,600 | 1,058.95 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [80]
S/2004 S 46  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 20,513,000 | 1,107.57 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [81]
S/2004 S 47  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 16,050,600 | 755.69 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [82]
S/2004 S 48  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 22,136,700 | 1,248.52 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [83]
S/2004 S 49  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 22,399,700 | 1,290.34 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [84]
S/2004 S 50  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 22,346,000 | 1,219.11 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [85]
S/2004 S 51  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 25,208,200 | 1,544.65 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [86]
S/2004 S 52  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 26,448,100 | 1,573.49 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [87]
S/2004 S 53  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 23,279,800 | 1,367.72 (r)  | 2004 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [88]
S/2005 S 4  |  | Saturn | — | 0002.5 2.5  | 11,324,500 | 448.63  | 2005 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq) | [89]
S/2005 S 5  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 21,366,200 | 1,138.62 (r)  | 2005 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [90]
S/2006 S 1  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 18,790,000 | 963.37 (r)  | 2006 | 2006 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
S/2006 S 3  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 22,096,000 | 1,227.21 (r)  | 2006 | 2006 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
S/2006 S 9  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 14,406,600 | 648.71 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [91]
S/2006 S 10  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 18,979,900 | 965.26 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [92]
S/2006 S 11  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 19,711,900 | 1,018.45 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [93]
S/2006 S 12  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 19,569,800 | 1,043.16  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Prograde irregular (group unknown, possibly Gallic) | [94]
S/2006 S 13  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 19,953,800 | 1,061.74 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [95]
S/2006 S 14  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 21,062,100 | 1,150.64 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [96]
S/2006 S 15  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 21,799,400 | 1,183.57 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [97]
S/2006 S 16  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 21,720,700 | 1,217.36 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [98]
S/2006 S 17  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 22,384,900 | 1,262.48 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [99]
S/2006 S 18  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 22,760,700 | 1,324.09 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [100]
S/2006 S 19  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 23,801,100 | 1,324.68 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [101]
S/2006 S 20  |  | Saturn | — | 0002.5 2.5  | 13,193,800 | 563.89 (r)  | 2006 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [102]
S/2007 S 2  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 16,725,000 | 808.08 (r)  | 2007 | 2007 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [14]
S/2007 S 3  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 18,975,000 | 977.8 (r)  | 2007 | 2007 | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna | Retrograde irregular (Norse?) | [14]
S/2007 S 5  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 15,835,700 | 748.50 (r)  | 2007 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [103]
S/2007 S 6  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 18,544,900 | 944.31 (r)  | 2007 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [104]
S/2007 S 7  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 15,931,700 | 742.79 (r)  | 2007 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [105]
S/2007 S 8  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 17,049,000 | 826.94  | 2007 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Prograde irregular (Gallic) | [106]
S/2007 S 9  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 20,174,600 | 1,099.69 (r)  | 2007 | 2023 | Sheppard et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [107]
S/2009 S 1  |  | Saturn | — | 0000.15 0.15  | 117,000 | 0.471  | 2009 | 2009 | Cassini Imaging Science Team Cassini–Huygens | B-ring moonlet | [108]
S/2019 S 1  |  | Saturn | — | 0003 3  | 11,221,000 | 443.8  | 2019 | 2021 | Ashton, Gladman, Petit, Alexandersen | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq) | [109]
S/2019 S 2  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 16,559,900 | 796.22 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [110]
S/2019 S 3  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 17,077,200 | 836.68 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [111]
S/2019 S 4  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 17,956,700 | 898.40 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [112]
S/2019 S 5  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 19,076,900 | 971.54 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [113]
S/2019 S 6  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 18,198,700 | 905.41  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) | [114]
S/2019 S 7  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 20,181,300 | 1,093.86 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [115]
S/2019 S 8  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 20,284,400 | 1,080.60 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [116]
S/2019 S 9  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 20,359,000 | 1,104.27 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [117]
S/2019 S 10  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 20,713,400 | 1,129.53 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [118]
S/2019 S 11  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 20,663,700 | 1,097.33 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [119]
S/2019 S 12  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 20,904,500 | 1,130.40 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [120]
S/2019 S 13  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 20,965,800 | 1,132.90 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [121]
S/2019 S 14  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 17,853,000 | 902.00  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) | [122]
S/2019 S 15  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 21,189,700 | 1,156.21 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [123]
S/2019 S 16  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 23,266,700 | 1,360.26 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [124]
S/2019 S 17  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 22,724,100 | 1,322.15 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [125]
S/2019 S 18  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 23,140,700 | 1,349.74 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [126]
S/2019 S 19  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 23,047,200 | 1,342.57 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [127]
S/2019 S 20  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 23,678,600 | 1,343.58 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [128]
S/2019 S 21  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 26,439,000 | 1,572.06 (r)  | 2019 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [129]
S/2020 S 1  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 11,338,700 | 450.83  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq) | [130]
S/2020 S 2  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 17,869,300 | 907.00 (r)  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [131]
S/2020 S 3  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 18,054,700 | 896.35  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) | [132]
S/2020 S 4  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 18,235,500 | 910.34  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Prograde irregular (Gallic) | [133]
S/2020 S 5  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 18,391,300 | 933.52  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) | [134]
S/2020 S 6  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 21,265,300 | 1,149.11 (r)  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [135]
S/2020 S 7  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 17,400,000 | 844.85 (r)  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [136]
S/2020 S 8  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 21,966,700 | 1,201.72 (r)  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [137]
S/2020 S 9  |  | Saturn | — | 0002 2  | 25,434,100 | 1,565.23 (r)  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [138]
S/2020 S 10  |  | Saturn | — | 0001.5 1.5  | 25,314,800 | 1,479.87 (r)  | 2020 | 2023 | Ashton et al. | Retrograde irregular (Norse) | [139]
Ariel |  | Uranus | I (1) | 0578.9 578.9±0.6 | 190,900 | 2.520  | 1851 | 1851 | Lassell | Main-group moon | [13][14]
Umbriel |  | Uranus | II (2) | 0584.7 584.7±2.8 | 266,000 | 4.144  | 1851 | 1851 | Lassell | Main-group moon | [13][14]
Titania | File:Titania (moon) color cropped.jpg | Uranus | III (3) | 00788.9 788.9±1.8 | 436,300 | 8.706  | 1787 | 1787 | Herschel | Main-group moon | [13][14]
Oberon |  | Uranus | IV (4) | 0761.4 761.4±2.6 | 583,500 | 13.46  | 1787 | 1787 | Herschel | Main-group moon | [13][14]
Miranda |  | Uranus | V (5) | 0235.8 235.8±0.7 | 129,900 | 1.413  | 1948 | 1949 | Kuiper | Main-group moon | [13][14]
Cordelia |  | Uranus | VI (6) | 0020.1 20.1±3 | 49,800 | 0.335  | 1986 | 1986 | Terrile (Voyager 2) | Inner moon (shepherd) | [13][14]
Ophelia |  | Uranus | VII (7) | 0021.4 21.4±4 | 53,800 | 0.376  | 1986 | 1986 | Terrile (Voyager 2) | Inner moon (shepherd) | [13][14]
Bianca |  | Uranus | VIII (8) | 0025.7 25.7±2 | 59,200 | 0.435  | 1986 | 1986 | Smith (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Cressida |  | Uranus | IX (9) | 0039.8 39.8±2 | 61,800 | 0.464  | 1986 | 1986 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Desdemona |  | Uranus | X (10) | 00032 32±4 | 62,700 | 0.474  | 1986 | 1986 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Juliet |  | Uranus | XI (11) | 0046.8 46.8±4 | 64,400 | 0.493  | 1986 | 1986 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Portia |  | Uranus | XII (12) | 0067.6 67.6±4.0 | 66,100 | 0.513  | 1986 | 1986 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Rosalind |  | Uranus | XIII (13) | 00036 36±6 | 69,900 | 0.558  | 1986 | 1986 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Belinda |  | Uranus | XIV (14) | 0040.3 40.3±8 | 75,300 | 0.624  | 1986 | 1986 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Puck |  | Uranus | XV (15) | 00081 81±2 | 86,000 | 0.762  | 1985 | 1986 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Caliban |  | Uranus | XVI (16) | 00036.4 36.4  | 7,231,100 | 579.73 (r)  | 1997 | 1997 | Gladman, Nicholson, Burns, Kavelaars | Retrograde irregular | [140][14]
Sycorax |  | Uranus | XVII (17) | 00093 93  | 12,179,400 | 1,288.38 (r)  | 1997 | 1997 | Gladman, Nicholson, Burns, Kavelaars | Retrograde irregular | [140][14]
Prospero |  | Uranus | XVIII (18) | 00025 25  | 16,256,000 | 1,978.29 (r)  | 1999 | 1999 | Gladman, Holman, Kavelaars, Petit, Scholl | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Setebos |  | Uranus | XIX (19) | 00024 24  | 17,418,000 | 2,225.21 (r)  | 1999 | 1999 | Gladman, Holman, Kavelaars, Petit, Scholl | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Stephano |  | Uranus | XX (20) | 00016 16  | 8,004,000 | 677.36 (r)  | 1999 | 1999 | Gladman, Holman, Kavelaars, Petit, Scholl | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Trinculo |  | Uranus | XXI (21) | 00009.5 9.5  | 8,504,000 | 749.24 (r)  | 2001 | 2002 | Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Francisco |  | Uranus | XXII (22) | 00011 11  | 4,276,000 | 266.56 (r)  | 2001 | 2003 | Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic, Gladman | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Margaret |  | Uranus | XXIII (23) | 00010 10  | 14,345,000 | 1,687.01  | 2003 | 2003 | Sheppard, Jewitt | Prograde irregular | [13][14]
Ferdinand |  | Uranus | XXIV (24) | 00010 10  | 20,901,000 | 2,887.21 (r)  | 2001 | 2003 | Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic, et al. | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Perdita |  | Uranus | XXV (25) | 0015 15  | 76,417 | 0.638  | 1986 | 1999/2003 | Karkoschka (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [14]
Mab |  | Uranus | XXVI (26) | 00012 12  | 97,736 | 0.923  | 2003 | 2003 | Showalter, Lissauer | Inner moon | [14]
Cupid |  | Uranus | XXVII (27) | 0009 9  | 74,392 | 0.613  | 2003 | 2003 | Showalter, Lissauer | Inner moon | [14]
Triton |  | Neptune | I (1) | 1353.4 1,353.4±0.9 | 354,800 | 5.877 (r)  | 1846 | 1846 | Lassell | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Nereid |  | Neptune | II (2) | 00170 170±25 | 5,513,820 | 360.14  | 1949 | 1949 | Kuiper | Prograde irregular | [141][14]
Naiad |  | Neptune | III (3) | 00033 33±3 | 48,224 | 0.294  | 1989 | 1989 | Terrile (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Thalassa |  | Neptune | IV (4) | 00041 41±3 | 50,075 | 0.311  | 1989 | 1989 | Terrile (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Despina |  | Neptune | V (5) | 00078 78±4.7 | 52,526 | 0.335  | 1989 | 1989 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Galatea |  | Neptune | VI (6) | 00088 88±4 | 61,953 | 0.429  | 1989 | 1989 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Larissa |  | Neptune | VII (7) | 00097 97±3 | 73,548 | 0.555  | 1981/1989 | 1981/1989 | Reitsema, Hubbard, Lebofsky, Tholen (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Proteus |  | Neptune | VIII (8) | 0210 210±7 | 117,647 | 1.122  | 1989 | 1989 | Synnott (Voyager 2) | Inner moon | [13][14]
Halimede |  | Neptune | IX (9) | 00031 31  | 15,728,000 | 1,879.71 (r)  | 2002 | 2003 | Holman, Kavelaars, Grav, Fraser, Milisavljevic | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Psamathe |  | Neptune | X (10) | 00020 20  | 46,695,000 | 9,115.91 (r)  | 2003 | 2003 | Jewitt, Kleyna, Sheppard, Holman, Kavelaars | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Sao |  | Neptune | XI (11) | 00022 22  | 22,422,000 | 2,914.07  | 2002 | 2003 | Holman, Kavelaars, Grav, Fraser, Milisavljevic | Prograde irregular | [13][14]
Laomedeia |  | Neptune | XII (12) | 00021 21  | 23,571,000 | 3,167.85  | 2002 | 2003 | Holman, Kavelaars, Grav, Fraser, Milisavljevic | Prograde irregular | [13][14]
Neso |  | Neptune | XIII (13) | 00030 30  | 48,387,000 | 9,740.73 (r)  | 2002 | 2003 | Holman, Kavelaars, Grav, Fraser, Milisavljevic | Retrograde irregular | [13][14]
Hippocamp |  | Neptune | XIV (14) | 0017.4 17.4  | 105,283 | 0.9362  | 2004/2013 | 2013 | Showalter et al. | Inner moon | [142]
Vanth |  | Orcus | I (1) | 0221 221±5 | 9000 9,000±9 | 9.539  | 2005 | 2007 | Brown & Suer | Synchronous rotation (Binary) | [143]
S/2005 (208996) 1 |  | (208996) 2003 AZ84 | — | 00072 72±12 | 7200 7,200±300 | 12 ≈12

| 2005 | 2007 | Brown & Suer | unrecovered natural satellite | [144]
Charon |  | Pluto | I (1) | 00606 606±0.5 | 19,591 | 6.387  | 1978 | 1978 | Christy | Synchronous rotation (Binary) | [13][14]
Nix  |  | Pluto | II (2) | 22.5 | 48,671 | 24.85  | 2005 | 2005 | Weaver, Stern, Buie, et al. | Chaotic rotation | [13][14]
Hydra  |  | Pluto | III (3) | 27.5 | 64,698 | 38.20  | 2005 | 2005 | Weaver, Stern, Buie, et al. | Chaotic rotation | [13][14]
Kerberos  |  | Pluto | IV (4) | 7 | 57,729 | 32.17  | 2011 | 2011 | Showalter (Hubble) | Chaotic rotation | [13][14][145][146]
Styx  |  | Pluto | V (5) | 5.5 | 42,393 | 20.16  | 2012 | 2012 | Showalter (Hubble) | Chaotic rotation | [13][14][147]
Actaea |  | Salacia | I (1) | 00142 142±5 | 5724 5,724±27 | 5.494  | 2006 | 2006 | Noll et al. | Binary system | [143]
Hiʻiaka  |  | Haumea | I (1) | 00160 ≈160  | 49,880 | 49.12  | 2005 | 2005 | Brown et al. | assuming a chaotic rotation | [8][148][149]
Namaka  | Haumea | II (2) | 00085 ≈85  | 25,657 | 18.2783  | 2005 | 2005 | Brown et al. | assuming a chaotic rotation | [8][148][149]
Weywot  |  | Quaoar | I (1) | 00040.5 40.5±5.5

[150] || 14500 14,500±800

| 12.438  | 2006 | 2007 | Brown | Binary system | [150][151]
S/2015 (136472) 1  |  | Makemake | — | 0087.5 ≈87.5  | 21000 >21,000  | 12.4 >12.4

| 2015 | 2016 | Parker et al. |  | [152][153]
Ilmarë  |  | Varda | I (1) | 00163 163±18

[154] || 4809 4,809±39

| 5.751  | 2009 | 2011 | Noll et al. | Binary system | [155]
S/2018 (532037) 1 |  | (532037) 2013 FY27 | — | 0095 ≈95

[156] || 09800 >9,800 ± 40

| 19 ≈19  | 2018 | 2018 | Sheppard | likely a prograde orbit | [157]
Xiangliu  |  | Gonggong | I (1) | 00100 <100[158] | 24020 24,020±200 | 25.22073 25.221

| 2010 | 2016 | Marton, Kiss & Müller | assuming a prograde orbit | [158]
Dysnomia |  | Eris | I (1) | 00350 350±60[7] | 37273 37,273±64 | 15.786  | 2005 | 2005 | Brown, Rabinowitz, Trujillo et al. | Synchronous rotation (Binary) | [159]

## See also

* List of exomoon candidates
* Lists of exoplanets
* List of dwarf planets
* List of Solar System objects by size
* List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun
* List of black holes
* Lists of stars
* Lists of stars by constellation
* List of IAU designated constellations
* List of multiplanetary systems
* List of galaxies
* List of largest cosmic structures
* Lists of astronomical objects

## References

1. ↑ Ice in the Solar System – NASA
2. ↑ Warell, J.; Karlsson, O. (2007). "A search for natural satellites of Mercury". Planetary and Space Science 55 (14): 2037–2041. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2007.06.004. Bibcode: 2007P&SS...55.2037W.
3. ↑ "Solar System Exploration: Planets: Venus: Moons". NASA. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/venus/moons.
4. ↑ Sheppard, Scott (2004). "A Survey for Outer Satellites of Mars: Limits to Completeness". The Astronomical Journal 128 (5): 2542–2546. doi:10.1086/424541. Bibcode: 2004AJ....128.2542S.
5. ↑ Buie, Marc W.; Grundy, William M.; Young, Eliot F.; Young, Leslie A.; Stern, S. Alan (2006). "Orbits and Photometry of Pluto's Satellites: Charon, S/2005 P1, and S/2005 P2". The Astronomical Journal 132 (1): 290–298. doi:10.1086/504422. Bibcode: 2006AJ....132..290B. . a, i, e per JPL (site updated 2008 Aug 25)
6. ↑ Bieryla, Allyson; Parker, J. W. (December 2006). "Search for Satellites around Ceres". 2007 AAS/AAPT Joint Meeting, American Astronomical Society Meeting 209, #25.02; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 38: 933. Bibcode: 2006AAS...209.2502B.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Johnston, W. R. (30 December 2008). "(136199) Eris and Dysnomia". http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-136199.html.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Dumas, C.; Carry, B.; Hestroffer, D.; Merlin, F. (2011). "High-contrast observations of (136108) Haumea". Astronomy & Astrophysics 528: A105. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015011. Bibcode: 2011A&A...528A.105D.
9. ↑ Daniel W. E. Green (2007-02-22). "IAUC 8812: Sats OF 2003 AZ_84, (50000), (55637), (90482)". IAU Circular. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08800/08812.html.
10. ↑ Johnston, Wm. Robert (1 October 2022). "Asteroids with Satellites". Johnston's Archive. http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoons.html.
11. ↑ Wieczorek, M. (2006). "The constitution and structure of the lunar interior". Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 60 (1): 221–364. doi:10.2138/rmg.2006.60.3. Bibcode: 2006RvMG...60..221W.
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Notes: The Satellites of Mars". The Observatory 1 (6): 181–185. 20 September 1877. Bibcode: 1877Obs.....1..181.. http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/Obs../0001//0000181.000.html. Retrieved 9 March 2008.
13. ↑ 13.000 13.001 13.002 13.003 13.004 13.005 13.006 13.007 13.008 13.009 13.010 13.011 13.012 13.013 13.014 13.015 13.016 13.017 13.018 13.019 13.020 13.021 13.022 13.023 13.024 13.025 13.026 13.027 13.028 13.029 13.030 13.031 13.032 13.033 13.034 13.035 13.036 13.037 13.038 13.039 13.040 13.041 13.042 13.043 13.044 13.045 13.046 13.047 13.048 13.049 13.050 13.051 13.052 13.053 13.054 13.055 13.056 13.057 13.058 13.059 13.060 13.061 13.062 13.063 13.064 13.065 13.066 13.067 13.068 13.069 13.070 13.071 13.072 13.073 13.074 13.075 13.076 13.077 13.078 13.079 13.080 13.081 13.082 13.083 13.084 13.085 13.086 13.087 13.088 13.089 13.090 13.091 13.092 13.093 13.094 13.095 13.096 13.097 13.098 13.099 13.100 13.101 13.102 13.103 13.104 13.105 13.106 13.107 13.108 13.109 13.110 13.111 13.112 13.113 13.114 13.115 13.116 13.117 13.118 13.119 13.120 13.121 13.122 13.123 13.124 13.125 13.126 13.127 13.128 13.129 13.130 13.131 13.132 13.133 13.134 13.135 13.136 "Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters". JPL, NASA. 19 February 2015. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_phys_par. , and references therein.
14. ↑ 14.000 14.001 14.002 14.003 14.004 14.005 14.006 14.007 14.008 14.009 14.010 14.011 14.012 14.013 14.014 14.015 14.016 14.017 14.018 14.019 14.020 14.021 14.022 14.023 14.024 14.025 14.026 14.027 14.028 14.029 14.030 14.031 14.032 14.033 14.034 14.035 14.036 14.037 14.038 14.039 14.040 14.041 14.042 14.043 14.044 14.045 14.046 14.047 14.048 14.049 14.050 14.051 14.052 14.053 14.054 14.055 14.056 14.057 14.058 14.059 14.060 14.061 14.062 14.063 14.064 14.065 14.066 14.067 14.068 14.069 14.070 14.071 14.072 14.073 14.074 14.075 14.076 14.077 14.078 14.079 14.080 14.081 14.082 14.083 14.084 14.085 14.086 14.087 14.088 14.089 14.090 14.091 14.092 14.093 14.094 14.095 14.096 14.097 14.098 14.099 14.100 14.101 14.102 14.103 14.104 14.105 14.106 14.107 14.108 14.109 14.110 14.111 14.112 14.113 14.114 14.115 14.116 14.117 14.118 14.119 14.120 14.121 14.122 14.123 14.124 14.125 14.126 14.127 14.128 14.129 14.130 14.131 14.132 14.133 14.134 14.135 14.136 14.137 14.138 14.139 14.140 14.141 14.142 14.143 14.144 14.145 14.146 14.147 14.148 14.149 14.150 14.151 14.152 14.153 14.154 14.155 14.156 14.157 14.158 14.159 14.160 "Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters". JPL, NASA. 23 August 2013. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_elem. , and references therein.
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 Showman, Adam P.; Malhotra, Renu (1999). "The Galilean Satellites". Science 286 (5437): 77–84. doi:10.1126/science.286.5437.77. PMID 10506564. http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~showman/publications/showman-malhotra-1999.pdf. Retrieved 10 March 2008.
16. ↑ Barnard, E. E. (1892). "Discovery and Observation of a Fifth Satellite to Jupiter". Astronomical Journal 12: 81–85. doi:10.1086/101715. Bibcode: 1892AJ.....12...81B. http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/AJ.../0012//0000081.000.html.
17. ↑ Crommelin, A. C. D. (10 March 1905). "Provisional Elements of Jupiter's Satellite VI". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 65 (5): 524–527. doi:10.1093/mnras/65.5.524. Bibcode: 1905MNRAS..65..524C. https://zenodo.org/record/1431871.
18. ↑ Porco, Carolyn C. (March 2003). "Cassini Imaging of Jupiter's Atmosphere, Satellites, and Rings". Science 299 (5612): 1541–1547. doi:10.1126/science.1079462. PMID 12624258. Bibcode: 2003Sci...299.1541P. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/10867818.
19. ↑ Perrine, C. D. (1905). "The Seventh Satellite of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 17 (101): 62–63. doi:10.1086/121624. Bibcode: 1905PASP...17...56..
20. ↑ Melotte, P. J. (1908). "Note on the Newly Discovered Eighth Satellite of Jupiter, Photographed at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 68 (6): 456–457. doi:10.1093/mnras/68.6.456. Bibcode: 1908MNRAS..68..456..
21. ↑ Nicholson, S. B. (1914). "Discovery of the Ninth Satellite of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 26 (1): 197–198. doi:10.1086/122336. PMID 16586574. Bibcode: 1914PASP...26..197N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0026//0000197.000.html.
22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Nicholson, S.B. (1938). "Two New Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 50 (297): 292–293. doi:10.1086/124963. Bibcode: 1938PASP...50..292N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0050//0000292.000.html.
23. ↑ Nicholson, S. B. (1951). "An unidentified object near Jupiter, probably a new satellite". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 63 (375): 297–299. doi:10.1086/126402. Bibcode: 1951PASP...63..297N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0063//0000297.000.html.
24. ↑ Kowal, C. T.; Aksnes, K.; Marsden, B. G.; Roemer, E. (1974). "Thirteenth satellite of Jupiter". Astronomical Journal 80: 460–464. doi:10.1086/111766. Bibcode: 1975AJ.....80..460K. http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/AJ.../0080//0000460.000.html.
25. ↑ Synnott, S.P. (1980). "1979J2: The Discovery of a Previously Unknown Jovian Satellite". Science 210 (4471): 786–788. doi:10.1126/science.210.4471.786. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17739548. Bibcode: 1980Sci...210..786S.
26. ↑ Jewitt, D. C.; Danielson, G.E.; Synnott, S.P. (1979). "Discovery of a New Jupiter Satellite". Science 206 (4421): 951. doi:10.1126/science.206.4421.951. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17733911. Bibcode: 1979Sci...206..951J.
27. ↑ Synnott, S.P. (1981). "1979J3: Discovery of a Previously Unknown Satellite of Jupiter". Science 212 (4501): 1392. doi:10.1126/science.212.4501.1392. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17746259. Bibcode: 1981Sci...212.1392S.
28. ↑ "IAUC 7460: S/1999 J 1". 20 July 2000. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07400/07460.html.
29. ↑ "IAUC 2845: Probable New Satellite of Jupiter". 3 October 1975. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/02800/02845.html.
30. ↑ "IAUC 7525: S/1975 J 1 = S/2000 J 1". 25 November 2000. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07500/07525.html.
31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 31.5 31.6 31.7 31.8 "IAUC 7555: Satellites of Jupiter". 5 January 2001. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07500/07555.html.
32. ↑ 32.00 32.01 32.02 32.03 32.04 32.05 32.06 32.07 32.08 32.09 32.10 32.11 "IAUC 7900: Satellites of Jupiter". 16 May 2002. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07900/07900.html.
33. ↑ 33.00 33.01 33.02 33.03 33.04 33.05 33.06 33.07 33.08 33.09 33.10 33.11 33.12 33.13 33.14 33.15 33.16 33.17 33.18 33.19 33.20 33.21 "Jupiter's Known Satellites". http://home.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/jupsatdata.html.
34. ↑ "MPEC 2020-V19: S/2003 J 9". Minor Planet Center. 5 November 2020. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K20/K20V19.html.
35. ↑ "MPEC 2020-V10: S/2003 J 16". Minor Planet Center. 4 November 2020. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K20/K20V10.html.
36. ↑ "MPEC 2021-V333: S/2003 J 24". https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K21/K21VX3.html.
37. ↑ "MPEC 2022-Y69: S/2011 J 3". 20 December 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K22/K22Y69.html.
38. ↑ "MPEC 2023-A13: S/2016 J 3". 5 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23A13.html.
39. ↑ "MPEC 2023-B96: S/2016 J 4". 24 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B96.html.
40. ↑ "MPEC 2022-Y68: S/2018 J 2". 20 December 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K22/K22Y68.html.
41. ↑ "MPEC 2023-B38: S/2018 J 3". 19 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B38.html.
42. ↑ "MPEC 2023-B51: S/2018 J 4". 20 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B51.html.
43. ↑ "MPEC 2023-A14: S/2021 J 1". 5 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23A14.html.
44. ↑ "MPEC 2023-B37: S/2021 J 2". 19 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B37.html.
45. ↑ "MPEC 2023-B39: S/2021 J 3". 19 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B39.html.
46. ↑ "MPEC 2023-B40: S/2021 J 4". 19 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B40.html.
47. ↑ "MPEC 2023-B41: S/2021 J 5". 19 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B41.html.
48. ↑ "MPEC 2023-B50: S/2021 J 6". 20 January 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B50.html.
49. ↑ "MPEC 2023-D44: S/2022 J 1". 22 February 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23D44.html.
50. ↑ "MPEC 2023-D45: S/2022 J 2". 22 February 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23D45.html.
51. ↑ "MPEC 2023-D46: S/2022 J 3". 22 February 2023. https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23D45.html.
52. ↑ C. Porco; the Cassini Imaging Team (18 July 2007). "S/ 2007 S 4". IAU Circular 8857. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08800/08857.html.
53. ↑ "IAU Circular No. 9023". International Astronomical Union. 2009. http://ciclops.org/view/5518/S2008_S_1?js=1.
54. ↑ Thomas, P. C.; Burns, J. A.; Tiscareno, M. S.; Hedman, M. M.; Helfenstein, P. (2013). "Saturn's Mysterious Arc-Embedded Moons: Recycled Fluff?". pp. 1598. http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/1598.pdf. Retrieved 2013-05-21.
55. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T126: S/2004 S 20". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TC6.html.
56. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T128: S/2004 S 22". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TC8.html.
57. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T129: S/2004 S 23". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TC9.html.
58. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T132: S/2004 S 25". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD2.html.
59. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T133: S/2004 S 26". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD3.html.
60. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T134: S/2004 S 27". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD4.html.
61. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T136: S/2004 S 29". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD6.html.
62. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T137: S/2004 S 30". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD7.html.
63. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T154: S/2004 S 32". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF4.html.
64. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T155: S/2004 S 33". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF5.html.
65. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T156: S/2004 S 34". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF6.html.
66. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T157: S/2004 S 35". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF7.html.
67. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T160: S/2004 S 38". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TG0.html.
68. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T127: S/2004 S 21". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TC7.html.
69. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T131: S/2004 S 24". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD1.html.
70. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T135: S/2004 S 28". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD5.html.
71. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T153: S/2004 S 31". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF3.html.
72. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T158: S/2004 S 36". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF8.html.
73. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T159: S/2004 S 37". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF9.html.
74. ↑ "MPEC 2019-T161: S/2004 S 39". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TG1.html.
75. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J24: S/2004 S 40". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J24.html.
76. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J37: S/2004 S 41". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J41.html.
77. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J41: S/2004 S 42". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J41.html.
78. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J45: S/2004 S 43". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J45.html.
79. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J46: S/2004 S 44". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J46.html.
80. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J47: S/2004 S 45". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J47.html.
81. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J60: S/2004 S 46". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J60.html.
82. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J62: S/2004 S 47". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J62.html.
83. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J166: S/2004 S 48". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JG6.html.
84. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J168: S/2004 S 49". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JG8.html.
85. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J169: S/2004 S 50". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JG9.html.
86. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J177: S/2004 S 51". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH7.html.
87. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J179: S/2004 S 52". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH9.html.
88. ↑ "MPEC 2023-K03: S/2004 S 53". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23K03.html.
89. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J79: S/2005 S 4". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J79.html.
90. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J85: S/2005 S 5". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J85.html.
91. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J22: S/2006 S 9". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J22.html.
92. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J42: S/2006 S 10". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J42.html.
93. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J48: S/2006 S 11". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J48.html.
94. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J49: S/2006 S 12". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J49.html.
95. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J56: S/2006 S 13". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J56.html.
96. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J64: S/2006 S 14". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J64.html.
97. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J163: S/2006 S 15". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JG3.html.
98. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J164: S/2006 S 16". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JG4.html.
99. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J165: S/2006 S 17". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JG5.html.
100. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J170: S/2006 S 18". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH0.html.
101. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J176: S/2006 S 19". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH6.html.
102. ↑ "MPEC 2023-K118: S/2006 S 20". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23KB8.html.
103. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J34: S/2007 S 5". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J34.html.
104. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J40: S/2007 S 6". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J40.html.
105. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J80: S/2007 S 7". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J80.html.
106. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J81: S/2007 S 8". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J81.html.
107. ↑ "MPEC 2023-K02: S/2007 S 9". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23K02.html.
108. ↑ "IAU Circular No. 9091". International Astronomical Union. 2009. http://ciclops.org/view_popup.php?id=5926.
109. ↑ "MPEC 2021-W14: S/2019 S 1". https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K21/K21W14.html.
110. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J25: S/2019 S 2". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J25.html.
111. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J26: S/2019 S 3". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J26.html.
112. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J36: S/2019 S 4". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J36.html.
113. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J43: S/2019 S 5". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J43.html.
114. ↑ "MPEC 2023-N12: S/2019 S 6". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23N12.html.
115. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J57: S/2019 S 7". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J57.html.
116. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J58: S/2019 S 8". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J58.html.
117. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J59: S/2019 S 9". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J59.html.
118. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J61: S/2019 S 10". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J61.html.
119. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J63: S/2019 S 11". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J63.html.
120. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J67: S/2019 S 12". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J67.html.
121. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J69: S/2019 S 13". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J69.html.
122. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J83: S/2019 S 14". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J83.html.
123. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J84: S/2019 S 15". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J84.html.
124. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J171: S/2019 S 16". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH1.html.
125. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J172: S/2019 S 17". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH2.html.
126. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J173: S/2019 S 18". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH3.html.
127. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J174: S/2019 S 19". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH4.html.
128. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J175: S/2019 S 20". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH5.html.
129. ↑ "MPEC 2023-K05: S/2019 S 21". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23K05.html.
130. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J21: S/2020 S 1". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J21.html.
131. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J27: S/2020 S 2". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J27.html.
132. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J35: S/2020 S 3". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J35.html.
133. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J38: S/2020 S 4". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J38.html.
134. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J39: S/2020 S 5". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J39.html.
135. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J68: S/2020 S 6". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J68.html.
136. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J82: S/2020 S 7". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J82.html.
137. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J167: S/2020 S 8". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JG7.html.
138. ↑ "MPEC 2023-J178: S/2020 S 9". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH8.html.
139. ↑ "MPEC 2023-K04: S/2020 S 10". https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23K04.html.
140. ↑ 140.0 140.1 Farkas-Takács, A. et al. (September 2017). "Properties of the Irregular Satellite System around Uranus Inferred from K2, Herschel, and Spitzer Observations". The Astronomical Journal 154 (3): 13. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa8365. 119. Bibcode: 2017AJ....154..119F.
141. ↑ Kiss, C. et al. (April 2016). "Nereid from space: Rotation, size and shape analysis from K2, Herschel and Spitzer observations". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 457 (3): 2908–2917. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw081. Bibcode: 2016MNRAS.457.2908K. https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/457/3/2908/8000447/stw081.pdf.
142. ↑ Kelly Beatty (2013-07-15). "Neptune's Newest Moon". Sky & Telescope. http://www.skyandtelescope.com/astronomy-news/neptunes-newest-moon/.
143. ↑ 143.0 143.1 Grundy, W. M.; Noll, K. S.; Roe, H. G.; Buie, M. W.; Porter, S. B.; Parker, A. H.; Nesvorný, D.; Benecchi, S. D. et al. (2019). "Mutual Orbit Orientations of Transneptunian Binaries". Icarus 334: 62–78. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.03.035. ISSN 0019-1035. Bibcode: 2019Icar..334...62G. http://www2.lowell.edu/~grundy/abstracts/preprints/2019.TNB_orbits.pdf. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
144. ↑ Johnston, Wm. Robert (20 September 2014). "(208996) 2003 AZ84". Johnston's Archive. http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-208996.html.
145. ↑ Showalter, M. R.; Hamilton, D. P. (20 July 2011). "New Satellite of (134340) Pluto: S/2011 (134340) 1". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iau/cbet/002700/CBET002769.txt.
146. ↑ "NASA's Hubble Discovers Another Moon Around Pluto". NASA. http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2011/23/full/.
147. ↑ "Hubble Discovers a Fifth Moon Orbiting Pluto". NASA. http://www.hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2012/32/.
148. ↑ 148.0 148.1 D. C. Fabrycky; M. J. Holman; D. Ragozzine; M. E. Brown; T. A. Lister; D. M. Terndrup; J. Djordjevic; E. F. Young et al. (2008). "Mutual Events of 2003 EL61 and its Inner Satellite". AAS DPS Conference 2008 40: 36.08. Bibcode: 2008DPS....40.3608F.
149. ↑ 149.0 149.1 Ragozzine, D.; Brown, M.E. (2009). "Orbits and Masses of the Satellites of the Dwarf Planet Haumea = 2003 EL61". The Astronomical Journal 137 (6): 4766–4776. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/6/4766. Bibcode: 2009AJ....137.4766R.
150. ↑ 150.0 150.1 Johnston, Wm. Robert (21 September 2014). "(50000) Quaoar and Weywot". Johnston's Archive. http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-50000.html.
151. ↑ Fraser, Wesley C.; Brown, Michael E. (May 2010). "Quaoar: A Rock in the Kuiper Belt". The Astrophysical Journal 714 (2): 1547–1550. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/714/2/1547. Bibcode: 2010ApJ...714.1547F.
152. ↑ "Hubble Discovers Moon Orbiting the Dwarf Planet Makemake". 2016. http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2016/18/full/.
153. ↑ Parker, A. H.; Buie, M. W.; Grundy, W. M.; Noll, K. S. (2016-04-25). "Discovery of a Makemakean Moon". The Astrophysical Journal 825 (1): L9. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/L9. Bibcode: 2016ApJ...825L...9P.
154. ↑ Grundy, W. M.; Porter, S. B.; Benecchi, S. D.; Roe, H. G.; Noll, K. S.; Trujillo, C. A.; Thirouin, A.; Stansberry, J. A. et al. (1 September 2015). "The mutual orbit, mass, and density of the large transneptunian binary system Varda and Ilmarë". Icarus 257: 130–138. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.04.036. Bibcode: 2015Icar..257..130G.
155. ↑ Grundy, W. M.; Porter, S. B.; Benecchi, S. D.; Roe, H. G.; Noll, K. S.; Trujillo, C. A. et al. (September 2015). "The mutual orbit, mass, and density of the large transneptunian binary system Varda and Ilmarë". Icarus 257: 130–138. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.04.036. Bibcode: 2015Icar..257..130G.
156. ↑ Johnston, Wm. Robert (27 May 2019). "(532037) 2013 FY27". Johnston's Archive. http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-532037.html.
157. ↑ Sheppard, Scott; Fernandez, Yanga; Moullet, Arielle (6 September 2018). "The Albedos, Sizes, Colors and Satellites of Dwarf Planets Compared with Newly Measured Dwarf Planet 2013 FY27". The Astronomical Journal 156 (6): 270. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae92a. Bibcode: 2018AJ....156..270S.
158. ↑ 158.0 158.1 Kiss, Csaba; Marton, Gabor; Parker, Alex H.; Grundy, Will; Farkas-Takacs, Aniko; Stansberry, John; Pal, Andras; Muller, Thomas et al. (October 2018). "The mass and density of the dwarf planet (225088) 2007 OR10". Icarus 334: 3–10. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.03.013. 311.02. Bibcode: 2018DPS....5031102K.
Initial publication at the American Astronomical Society DPS meeting #50, with the publication ID 311.02
159. ↑ Holler, Bryan J.; Grundy, William M.; Buie, Marc W.; Noll, Keith S. (February 2021). "The Eris/Dysnomia system I: The orbit of Dysnomia". Icarus 355: 114130. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114130. 114130. Bibcode: 2021Icar..35514130H.

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