List of stars with resolved images

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The following is a list of stars with resolved images, that is, stars whose images have been resolved beyond a point source.[clarification needed] Aside from the Sun, observed from Earth, stars are exceedingly small in apparent size, requiring the use of special high-resolution equipment and techniques to image. For example, Betelgeuse, the first star other than the Sun to be directly imaged, has an angular diameter of only 50 milliarcseconds (mas).[1]

## List

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

List of stars with resolved images  Star | Image  | Diameter  | Distance
(ly)  | First imager  | Year  | Notes

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Angular (mas)  | Geometric (Sun = 1)
Sun |  | 2000000 | 1 | 0.0000158 | Louis Fizeau and Léon Foucault[2] | 1845 |
Altair
α Aql  |  | 3.2 | 1.66±0.01 (polar)
2.02±0.01 (equator)  | 16.77±0.08 | CHARA array – MIRC[3] | 2006 |
Rasalhague
α Oph A  |  | 1.62±0.03 | 2.39±0.01 (polar)
2.87±0.02 (equator)  | 48.6±0.8 | CHARA array – MIRC[4] | 2006 |
Alderamin
α Cep  |  | 1.35±0.02 (polar)
1.75±0.03 (equator)  | 2.20±0.04 (polar)
2.74±0.04 (equator)  | 48.8±0.36 | CHARA array – MIRC[4] | 2006 |
Caph
β Cas  |  | 1.70±0.04 | 3.1±0.1 (polar)
3.8±0.1 (equator)  | 54.7±0.3 | CHARA array – MIRC[5] | 2007 |
Regulus
α Leo Aa  |  | 1.24±0.02 | 3.2±0.1 (polar)
4.2±0.1 (equator)  | 79.3±0.7 | CHARA array – MIRC[5] | 2008 |
Algol
β Per Aa1  |
| 0.88±0.05 | 4.13 | 93±2 | CHARA array – MIRC[6] | 2006 | stationary object in the animation
β Per Aa2  | 1.12±0.07 | 3 | orbiting object in the animation
β Per Ab  | 0.56±0.10 | 0.9 |  |  | Observed radius of Algol Ab is an instrumental artifact, caused by bandwidth smearing.
Actual radius is 1.73 ± 0.33 R☉.
Alkaid
η UMa  |  | 0.834±0.060 | 2.86±0.21 | 103.9±0.8 | CHARA array[7] | 2012 |
Markab
α Peg  |  | 1.052±0.066 | 4.62±0.29 | 133±1 | CHARA array[7] | 2012 |
Elnath
β Tau  |  | 1.09±0.076 | 4.82±0.34 | 134±2 | CHARA array[7] | 2012 |
ζ And Aa  |  | 2.502±0.008 | 15.0±0.8 (polar)  | 189±3 | CFHT[8][9] | 1996 | First direct imaging of starspots on a star outside the Solar System.
R Dor |  | 57±5 | 370±50 | 204±9 | New Technology Telescope[10] | 1993 | 2nd largest known star by apparent diameter in Earth's sky, after the Sun.
Mira
ο Cet A  |  | 50 | up to 700 | 420 | Hubble – FOC[11] | 1997[citation needed] |
T Lep |  | 5.8
15 for molecular layer | 100 | 500 | Very Large Telescope – VLTI[12]/AMBER[13] | 2009[citation needed] |
π1 Gru |  | 18.37[citation needed] | 694 | 530 | Very Large Telescope – VLTI/PIONIER[14] | 2017[citation needed] | First directly observed granulation patterns on a star's surface outside the Solar System.
Antares
α Sco A  |  | 41.3±0.1 | 700 | 620 | Very Large Telescope – VLTI/AMBER[15] | 2017[citation needed] |
Betelgeuse
α Ori  |  | 50 | 630 | 643±146 | Hubble – GHRS[1] | 1995 | First star with a resolved image outside the Solar System.
Sheliak
β Lyr Aa  |  | 0.46 | 6 | 960±50 | CHARA array – MIRC[16] | 2007 | Both Aa1 and Aa2 are visible in the animation.
θ1 Ori C |  | 0.2 | 10.6±1.5 | 1400 | Very Large Telescope – AMBER[17] | 2009 | In the image, the right inset is θ1 Ori C and the left inset is θ1 Ori F.
θ1 Ori F |  |  |  | Very Large Telescope – VLTI/GRAVITY[18] | 2016[citation needed]
Almaaz
ε Aur A  |  | 2.27 | 3.7±0.7 | ca. 2000 | CHARA array – MIRC[19] | 2009 | Supergiant with an eclipsing companion surrounded by a massive, opaque debris disk
RW Cephei |  | 2.45 | 900–1760 | 11000+4600
−2600–22000+5200
−3300 | CHARA array – MIRC-X and MYSTIC[20] | 2022 | Hypergiant star currently undergoing a great dimming event
HR 5171 Aa  |  | 4.1±0.8 | 1575±400 | 11740±1630 | Very Large Telescope – VLTI/PIONIER[21] | 2014 | Eclipsing and potential contact binary yellow hypergiant

## See also

* Doppler imaging which produces maps of the surfaces of stars
* Zeeman–Doppler imaging which maps the magnetic fields of stars
* List of directly imaged exoplanets
* Angular resolution
* Angular diameter
* List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 H.Uitenbroek; Dupree, A. K.; Gilliland, R. L. (1998). "Spatially Resolved Hubble Space Telescope Spectra of the Chromosphere of alpha Orionis". Astronomical Journal 116 (5): 2501. doi:10.1086/300596. Bibcode: 1998AJ....116.2501U.
2. ↑ "NASA – Sun–Earth Day – Technology Through Time". 2006. https://sunearthday.nasa.gov/2006/locations/firstphoto.php.
3. ↑ J.D. Monnier (2007). "Imaging the Surface of Altair". Science 317 (5836): 342–5. doi:10.1126/science.1143205. PMID 17540860. Bibcode: 2007Sci...317..342M.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 M. Zhao (2009). "Imaging And Modeling Rapidly Rotating Stars: Alpha Cephei And Alpha Ophiuchi". The Astrophysical Journal 701 (1): 209–224. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/209. Bibcode: 2009ApJ...701..209Z.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 X. Che (2011). "Colder And Hotter: Interferometric Imaging Of Beta Cassiopeiae And ?lpha Leonis". The Astrophysical Journal 732 (2): 68. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/732/2/68. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...732...68C.
6. ↑ Baron, F.; Monnier, J.; Pedretti, E.; Zhao, M.; Schaefer, G.; Parks, R.; Che, X.; Thureau, N. et al. (2012). "Imaging the Algol Triple System in the H Band with the CHARA Interferometer". The Astrophysical Journal 752 (1): 20. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/752/1/20. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...752...20B.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Gordon, Kathryn D.; Gies, Douglas R.; Schaefer, Gail H.; Huber, Daniel; Ireland, Michael (7 March 2019). "Angular Sizes, Radii, and Effective Temperatures of B-type Stars from Optical Interferometry with the CHARA Array". The Astrophysical Journal 873 (1): 91. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab04b2. Bibcode: 2019ApJ...873...91G.
8. ↑ Kővári, Zs.; Bartus, J.; Strassmeier, K. G.; Oláh, K.; Weber, M.; Rice, J. B.; Washuettl, A. (2007). "Doppler imaging of stellar surface structure. XXIII. The ellipsoidal K giant binary ζ Andromedae". Astronomy and Astrophysics 463 (3): 1071. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065982. Bibcode: 2007A&A...463.1071K.
9. ↑ Roettenbacher, R.M.; Monnier, J.D.; Korhonen, H.; Aarnio, A.N.; Baron, F.; Che, X.; Harmon, R.O.; Kővári, Zs. et al. (2016). "No Sun-like dynamo on the active star ζ Andromedae from starspot asymmetry". Nature 533 (7602): 217–220. doi:10.1038/nature17444. PMID 27144357. Bibcode: 2016Natur.533..217R.
10. ↑ "The Biggest Star in the Sky". ESO. March 11, 1997. http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso9706/. Retrieved 2010-06-26.
11. ↑ "Hubble Separates Stars in the Mira Binary System". HubbleSite. 6 August 1997. http://hubblesite.org/news_release/news/1997-26. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
12. ↑ "Hundred metre virtual telescope captures unique detailed colour image". European Southern Observatory. 18 February 2009. http://www.eso.org/public/unitedkingdom/news/eso0906/. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
13. ↑ J.-B. Le Bouquin, S. Lacour, S. Renard, E. Thiébaut, A. Merand, T. Verhoelst, Pre-maximum spectro-imaging of the Mira star T Leporis with AMBER/VLTI, Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume 496, Number 1, March II 2009, L1–L4.
14. ↑ "Giant Bubbles on Red Giant Star's Surface". European Southern Observatory. https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1741/. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
15. ↑ "Astronomers Capture Best-Ever Image of Alien Star". Scientific American. 24 August 2017. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/astronomers-capture-best-ever-image-of-alien-star. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
16. ↑ M. Zhao (2008). "First Resolved Images Of The Eclipsing And Interacting Binary Beta Lyrae". The Astrophysical Journal 684 (2): L95–L98. doi:10.1086/592146. Bibcode: 2008ApJ...684L..95Z.
17. ↑ "The orbit of Theta1 Orionis C". European Southern Observatory. 18 February 2009. https://www.eso.org/public/unitedkingdom/images/eso0906d/. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
18. ↑ "First Light For Future Black Hole Probe". European Southern Observatory. 13 January 2016. https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1601/. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
19. ↑ B. Kloppenborg (2010). "Infrared images of the transiting disk in the Epsilon Aurigae system". Nature 464 (7290): 370–2. doi:10.1038/nature08968. PMID 20376144. Bibcode: 2010Natur.464..870K.
20. ↑ Anugu, Narsireddy; Baron, Fabien; Gies, Douglas R.; Lanthermann, Cyprien; Schaefer, Gail H.; Shepard, Katherine A.; ten Brummelaar, Theo; Monnier, John D. et al. (July 2023). "The Great Dimming of the hypergiant star RW Cephei: CHARA Array images and spectral analysis". The Astronomical Journal 166 (2): 78. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ace59d. Bibcode: 2023AJ....166...78A.
21. ↑ Wittkowski, M; Abellan, F. J; Arroyo-Torres, B; Chiavassa, A; Guirado, J. C; Marcaide, J. M; Alberdi, A; De Wit, W. J et al. (28 September 2017). "Multi-epoch VLTI-PIONIER imaging of the supergiant V766 Cen: Image of the close companion in front of the primary". Astronomy & Astrophysics 1709: L1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731569. Bibcode: 2017A&A...606L...1W.

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