ODINUS

Logo used in a mission proposal is a combination of the astronomical symbols for the planets Uranus and Neptune.

Mission type| Orbiter
Operator| European Space Agency
Website| http://odinus.iaps.inaf.it/
Spacecraft properties
Dry mass| 500-600 kg
Start of mission
Launch date| 2034 (proposed)
Neptune orbiter
Spacecraft component| Freyja
Uranus orbiter
Spacecraft component| Freyr

Cosmic Vision

ODINUS (Origins, Dynamics, and Interiors of the Neptunian and Uranian Systems) is a space mission concept proposed to the European Space Agency's Cosmic Vision programme. The ODINUS mission concept proposes to expand the Uranus orbiter and probe mission to two twin orbiters— dubbed Freyr and Freyja, the twin gods of the Norse pantheon.[1][2] Their primary mission would be to study Neptune and Uranus with one orbiter each.[3] If selected, ODINUS would launch in 2034.[4]

## Instruments

The following six instruments are considered essential to the mission:

* Camera (Wide and Narrow Angle) – Designed to image the planet at the same level of detail as missions to the two gas giants have provided.
* VIS-NIR Image Spectrometer
* Magnetometer – To study the magnetic fields of Neptune.
* Mass Spectrometer (Ions and Neutrals, INMS)
* Doppler Spectro-Imager – To take seismic measurements.
* Microwave Radiometer

The following two additional instruments are strongly desired by the mission proposers:

* Energetic Neutral Atoms Detector – To complement the measurements of the INMS.
* High-sensitivity Accelerometer – To be used in the atmospheric descent phase.

## See also

* Exploration of Neptune
* Exploration of Uranus

Uranus mission proposals

* Uranus Orbiter and Probe
* MUSE
* OCEANUS
* Uranus Pathfinder

## References

1. ↑ The ODINUS Mission Concept. White paper submitted to the European Space Agency call for L2 and L3 science themes (2013). Diego Turrini, Romolo Politi, Roberto Peron, Davide Grassi, Christina Plainaki, Mauro Barbieri, David M. Lucchesi, Gianfranco Magni, Francesca Altieri, Valeria Cottini, Nicolas Gorius, Patrick Gaulme, François-Xavier Schmider, Alberto Adriani, Giuseppe Piccioni.
2. ↑ Turrini, Diego; Politi, Romolo; Peron, Roberto; Grassi, Davide; Plainaki, Christina; Barbieri, Mauro; Lucchesi, David M.; Magni, Gianfranco; Altieri, Francesca; Cottini, Valeria; Gorius, Nicolas; Gaulme, Patrick; Schmider, François-Xavier; Adriani, Alberto; Piccioni, Giuseppe (2014). "The ODINUS Mission Concept – The Scientific Case for a Mission to the Ice Giant Planets with Twin Spacecraft to Unveil the History of our Solar System". arXiv:1402.2472 [astro-ph.EP].
3. ↑ Noreika, Alius (13 February 2014). "Uranus and Neptune exploration could be the next ESA milestone". http://www.technology.org/2014/02/13/exploration-ice-giant-planets-uranus-neptune-next-esa-milestone/.
4. ↑ Gilster, Paul (18 June 2014). "Return to the Ice Giants". Centauri Dreams. http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=30870.

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Future missions in italics

* Category
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Uranus (Outline of Uranus

Geography|

* Atmosphere
* Climate
* Dark Spot
* Magnetosphere
* Rings

NASA image of Uranus

Moons|

* Ariel
* Miranda
* Oberon
* Puck
* Titania
* Umbriel

Astronomy|

| Discovery|

* William Herschel
* Gerard Kuiper
* James L. Elliot
* William Lassell

|

General|

* 15 Orionis
* Uranus-crossing minor planets

Trojans|

* 2011 QF99
* 2014 YX49

Exploration|

| Past|

* Voyager 2 (1986 flyby)

|

Proposals|

* MUSE
* Oceanus
* ODINUS
* NASA Uranus orbiter and probe
* Uranus Pathfinder

Related|

* Fiction

* Category

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Neptune

* Outline of Neptune

Geography|

* Great Dark Spot
* Small Dark Spot
* Rings

NASA image of Neptune

Moons|

* Despina
* Galatea
* Halimede
* Hippocamp
* Laomedeia
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* Neso
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* Triton

Astronomy|

| Discovery|

* Urbain Le Verrier
* Johann Gottfried Galle
* John Couch Adams
* Heinrich Louis d'Arrest
* William Lassell

|

General|

* Kuiper belt
* Neptune-crossing minor planets

Trojans|

* 2001 QR322
* 2004 KV18
* 2004 UP10
* 2005 TN53
* 2005 TO74
* 2006 RJ103
* (527604) 2007 VL305
* 2008 LC18
* 2011 HM102

Exploration|

| Past|

* Voyager 2 (1989 flyby)

|

Proposals|

* ODINUS
* Triton Hopper
* Argo
* Trident

Cancelled|

* Mariner Mark II
* Neptune Orbiter
* New Horizons 2

Related|

* Fiction
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* Book
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