Venus In situ Composition Investigations

Short description: Concept lander mission to Venus

Tessera terrain in the Maxwell Montes seen in white on the right of the image. Eastern edge of Lakshmi Planum seen in gray on the left. Model of crustal plateau and tessera terrain formation via mantle downwelling after Gilmore (1998).

Venus In situ Composition Investigations (VICI) is a concept lander mission to Venus in order to answer long-standing questions about its origins and evolution, and provide new insights needed to understand terrestrial planet formation, evolution, and habitability.

VICI was one of 12 considerations for New Frontiers 4, but was not one of the two missions selected to be finalists in late 2017.

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 2 Scientific payload
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Overview

The mission concept was proposed in 2017 to NASA's New Frontiers program to compete for funding and development,[1][2] but it was not selected.[3] However, on 20 December 2017, it was awarded technology development funds to prepare it for future mission competitions.[4] The funds are meant to further develop the Venus Element and Mineralogy Camera to operate under the extreme heat and pressure on Venus. The instrument uses lasers on a lander to measure the mineralogy and elemental composition of rocks on the surface of Venus.[4]

If selected and developed at some future opportunity, the VICI mission would send two identical landers to unexplored Tesserae regions thought to be ancient exposed surfaces that had not undergone volcanic resurfacing.[2] The two landers would measure atmospheric composition and structure during their descent at a level of detail that has not been possible on earlier missions. The landers would also analyze surface chemistry, mineralogy, and morphology at their landing site.

## Scientific payload

VICI's proposed payloads includes a copy of the neutral mass spectrometer and tunable laser spectrometer currently used by the Curiosity rover to provide surface mineralogy and elemental composition.[2] A gamma-ray spectrometer would perform measurements of naturally radioactive elements to a depth of ~10 cm.[2]

## See also

* Venus In Situ Atmospheric and Geochemical Explorer (VISAGE), a competing mission concept to Venus
* Venus In Situ Explorer (VISE), a concept mission to Venus
* Venus Origins Explorer (VOX), a competing mission concept to Venus

## References

1. ↑ "Proposed New Frontiers Missions". Future Planetary Exploration. 4 August 2017. http://futureplanets.blogspot.com/2017/08/proposed-new-frontiers-missions.html.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 VICI: Venus In situ Composition Investigations. (PDF) L. Glaze, J. Garvin, N. Johnson, G. Arney, D. Atkinson, S. Atreya, A. Beck, B. Bezard, J. Blacksberg, B. Campbell, S. Clegg, D. Crisp, D. Dyar, F. Forget, M. Gilmore, D. Grinspoon, Juliane Gross, S. Guzewich, N. Izenberg, J. Johnson, W. Kiefer, D. Lawrence, S. Lebonnois, R. Lorenz, P. Mahaffy, S. Maurice, M. McCanta, A. Parsons, A. Pavlov, S. Sharma, M. Trainer, C. Webster, R. Wiens, K. Zahnle, M. Zolotov. EPSC Abstracts, Vol. 11, EPSC2017-346, 2017. European Planetary Science Congress 2017.
3. ↑ NASA's New Frontier Mission Will Search For Alien Life Or Reveal The Solar System's History. Elana Glowatz, IB Times. 20 December 2017.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 NASA Invests in Concept Development for Missions to Comet, Saturn Moon Titan. NASA News. 20 December 2017.

## External links

* Goddard Venus Lander Prototype at YouTube (42 seconds video)

* v
* t
* e

Venus

* Outline of Venus

Geography|

| General|

* Arachnoid
* Atmosphere
* Dune fields
* Features
* Mapping of Venus

|

Regions|

| Regio|

* Alpha Regio
* Asteria Regio
* Beta Regio
* Ovda Regio

|

Terrae|

* Aphrodite Terra
* Ishtar Terra
* Lada Terra

Mountains
and
volcanoes|

* Abeona Mons
* Akna Montes
* Anala Mons
* Artemis Corona
* Ba'het Corona
* Boala Corona
* Ciuacoatl Mons
* Fand Mons
* Fotla Corona
* Gula Mons
* Heng-O Corona
* Iaso Tholus
* Irnini Mons
* Jaszai Patera
* Maat Mons
* Maxwell Montes
* Nightingale Corona
* Onatah Corona
* Ozza Mons
* Quetzalpetlatl Corona
* Pancake dome
* Renpet Mons
* Sacajawea Patera
* Sachs Patera
* Sapas Mons
* Santa Corona
* Scalloped margin dome
* Siddons Patera
* Sif Mons
* Skadi Mons
* Theia Mons
* Ushas Mons
* Zisa Corona
* List of coronae on Venus

Plains and
plateaus|

* Guinevere Planitia
* Lakshmi Planum
* Sedna Planitia

Canyons and
valleys|

* Aikhulu Chasma
* Artemis Chasma
* Baltis Vallis
* Dali Chasma
* Devana Chasma
* Diana Chasma
* Ganis Chasma

Craters|

* Addams
* Adivar
* Agnesi
* Alcott
* Ariadne
* Aurelia
* Balch
* Barton
* Buck
* Cleopatra
* Cunitz
* Danilova
* De Lalande
* Dickinson
* Goeppert-Mayer
* Golubkina
* Grimke
* Gregory
* Guilbert
* Isabella
* Jeanne
* Maria Celeste
* Mariko
* Mead
* Meitner
* Merit Ptah
* Mona Lisa
* Nanichi
* Riley
* Ruth
* Stefania
* Wanda
* Wheatley
* Yablochkina

Other|

* Geodynamics
* Geology
* Surface features
* Venus snow
* Venusquake

Moons|

* Neith (hypothetical moon)

Astronomy|

| General|

* Aspects
* Orbit
* Phases

|

Transits|

* 1631
* 1639
* 1769
* 1874
* 1882
* 2004
* 2012

Asteroids|

* Venus-crosser asteroid
* 2002 VE68

Exploration|

| Past|

* Sputnik programme
* Sputnik 7
* Venera program
* Venera 1
* Sputnik 19
* Sputnik 20
* Sputnik 21
* Kosmos 21
* Venera 1964A
* Kosmos 27
* Venera 2
* Venera 3
* Kosmos 96
* Venera 4
* Kosmos 167
* Venera 5
* Venera 6
* Venera 7
* Venera 8
* Kosmos 482
* Venera 9
* Venera 10
* Venera 11
* Venera 12
* Venera 13
* Venera 14
* Venera 15
* Venera 16
* Mariner program
* Mariner 1
* Mariner 2
* Mariner 5
* Mariner 10
* Zond program
* Zond 1
* Pioneer Venus
* Pioneer Venus Orbiter / Pioneer 12
* Pioneer Venus Multiprobe / Pioneer 13
* Vega program
* Vega 1
* Vega 2
* Magellan
* Galileo
* Cassini–Huygens
* IKAROS
* MESSENGER
* Shin'en
* Venus Express

|

Current|

* Akatsuki
* BepiColombo

Planned|

* Venera-D

Proposed|

* EnVision
* European Venus Explorer
* VAMP
* VISE
* VISAGE
* VICI
* VOX
* Shukrayaan-1

Proposed
crewed|

* Colonization
* Inspiration Mars (flyby)
* Terraforming

Other|

* Geological mapping of Venus
* Artificial objects on Venus

Related|

* Cytherean
* culture
* Fiction
* Hesperus
* Life
* Mythology
* Phosphorus
* Venusians

* Book
* Category
* Portal

* v
* t
* e

Spacecraft missions to Venus

Active missions|

| Orbiters|

* Akatsuki

|

Flybys|

* Parker Solar Probe (en route)
* BepiColombo (en route)

Past missions|

| Orbiters|

* Magellan
* Pioneer Venus Orbiter
* Venera 9
* 10
* 15
* 16
* Venus Express

|

Flybys|

* Venera 1†
* Mariner 2
* Zond 1†
* Venera 2†
* Mariner 5
* 10
* Venera 11
* 12
* 13
* 14
* Vega 1
* 2
* Galileo
* Cassini–Huygens
* MESSENGER
* IKAROS
* Shin-en†

Descent probes|

* Venera 3†
* 4
* 5
* 6
* Pioneer Venus Multiprobe

Landers|

* Venera 7
* 8
* 9
* 10
* 11
* 12
* 13
* 14
* Vega 1
* 2
* Pioneer Venus Small Probes

Balloon probes|

* Vega 1
* 2

Failed launches|

* Tyazhely Sputnik
* Mariner 1
* 2MV-1 No.1
* 2MV-1 No.2
* 2MV-2 No.1
* Kosmos 21
* 3MV-1 No.2
* Kosmos 27
* 96
* 167
* 482

Planned missions|

| Flybys|

* Solar Orbiter (2020)
* Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (2022)
* Dragonfly (2026)

|

Proposed missions|

| Venus missions|

* CUVE
* DAVINCI
* EnVision
* HAVOC
* HOVER
* Shukrayaan-1
* VAMP
* Venera-D
* VERITAS
* VICI
* VISAGE
* VISE
* VOX
* Zephyr

|

Flybys|

* Europa Clipper
* Hayabusa2
* Mercury-P
* Laplace-P
* NASA Uranus orbiter and probe

Cancelled / concepts|

* European Venus Explorer
* Inspiration Mars
* TMK-Mavr
* Venus Orbiting Imaging Radar
* Vesta

Program overviews|

* Venera
* 3MV
* Mariner
* Pioneer Venus
* Vega

Related|

* Colonization
* Observations and explorations
* List of artificial objects on Venus
* List of missions
* Manned Venus flyby
* Terraforming
* VeSpR

* Missions are ordered by launch date. † indicates failure en route or before any data returned.

* v
* t
* e

NASAPlanetary Missions Program Office|Planetary Missions Program Office]]

Discovery program

| Missions|

| Main|

* NEAR Shoemaker
* Mars Pathfinder
* Lunar Prospector
* Stardust
* Genesis
* CONTOUR†
* MESSENGER
* Deep Impact
* Dawn
* Kepler
* GRAIL
* InSight
* Lucy
* Psyche

|

Opportunity - instruments|

* ASPERA-3 (on Mars Express)
* Moon Mineralogy Mapper (on Chandrayaan-1)
* Strofio (on BepiColombo MPO)
* MEGANE (on Martian Moons Exploration)

Opportunity - retasking|

* EPOXI
* NExT

Proposals|

| Finalists|

* Mission 12
* Comet Hopper
* Titan Mare Explorer
* Mission 13 and 14
* DAVINCI
* NEOCam
* VERITAS

|

Candidates|

* Enceladus Life Finder
* Icebreaker Life
* Io Volcano Observer
* ISOCHRON
* JET
* LIFE
* MANTIS
* Mars Geyser Hopper
* Moon Diver
* PADME
* Phobos Surveyor
* Trident
* Whipple

New Frontiers program

| Missions|

| Main|

* New Horizons
* Juno
* OSIRIS-REx
* Dragonfly

|

Proposals|

| Finalists|

* Mission 2
* MoonRise
* Mission 3
* MoonRise
* SAGE
* Mission 4
* CAESAR

|

Candidates|

* CONDOR
* CORSAIR
* ELF
* ELSAH
* Oceanus (Titan orbiter)
* SPRITE
* VICI
* VISAGE
* VOX

Concepts|

* Camilla
* FIRE
* Io Volcano Observer
* New Horizons 2
* Oceanus (Uranus orbiter)
* Saturn Atmospheric Entry Probe
* THEO
* Venus In Situ Explorer

Solar System Exploration program

| Missions|

| Main|

* DART
* Europa Clipper

|

Opportunity - instruments|

* UVS (on JUICE)

* Green titles indicates active current missions
* Italics indicate missions yet to launch
* Symbol † indicates failure en route or before intended mission data returned

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus In situ Composition Investigations. Read more

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