Gilbert Stork

Born| (1921-12-31)31 December 1921

Brussels, Belgium

Died| 21 October 2017(2017-10-21) (aged 95)[1]

New York City, U.S.

Citizenship| Belgium
United States
Alma mater| University of Florida (BS)
University of Wisconsin–Madison (PhD)
Awards| ACS Award in Pure Chemistry (1957)
William H. Nichols Medal (1980)
NAS Award in Chemical Sciences (1982)
National Medal of Science (1982)
Wolf Prize (1996)
The Ryoji Noyori Prize (2003)
Scientific career
Fields| Organic chemistry
Institutions| Harvard University
Columbia University
Thesis| The synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted piperidines (1945)
Doctoral advisor| Samuel M. McElvain
Notable students|

* Eugene van Tamelen (1951)
* John E. McMurry (1967)
* Paul Grieco (1970)
* Michael E. Jung (1973)
* Samuel J. Danishefsky
* Adusumilli Srikrishna
* Clayton Heathcock (1963‑64)
* Steven M. Weinreb (1966‑67)
* Andreas Pfaltz (1978‑79)
* Eiichi Nakamura (1978‑80)
* Varinder Aggarwal (1986‑88)

Gilbert Stork (December 31, 1921 – October 21, 2017)[2] was a Belgian-American organic chemist. For a quarter of a century he was the Eugene Higgins Professor of Chemistry Emeritus at Columbia University.[3] He is known for making significant contributions to the total synthesis of natural products, including a lifelong fascination with the synthesis of quinine. In so doing he also made a number of contributions to mechanistic understanding of reactions, and performed pioneering work on enamine chemistry, leading to development of the Stork enamine alkylation.[3]: 111 [4] It is believed he was responsible for the first planned stereocontrolled synthesis as well as the first natural product to be synthesised with high stereoselectivity.[5]

Stork was also an accomplished mentor of young chemists and many of his students have gone on to make significant contributions in their own right.

## Contents

* 1 Early life
* 2 Education
* 3 Career
* 4 Elected to
* 5 Incidents
* 5.1 The explosive steak
* 6 Awarded Honorary Fellowship or membership
* 7 Awards
* 8 References
* 9 External links

## Early life

Gilbert Stork was born in the Ixelles municipality of Brussels, Belgium on December 31, 1921.[6][7] The oldest of 3 children, his middle brother Michel died in infancy, but he remained close with his younger sister Monique his whole life. His family had Jewish origins, although Gilbert himself didn't recall them being religiously active.[6] The family moved to Nice when Gilbert was about 14 (circa. 1935) and remained there until 1939. During this period, Gilbert completed his lycée studies, distinguishing himself in French literature and writing. Characterizing himself during those years as "not terribly self-confident," and uncertain whether he could find employment in a profession he enjoyed, Gilbert considered applying for a colonial civil service job in French Indochina.[5] However, the outbreak of World War II that year led the family to flee to New York, where his father's older brother, Sylvain, had already emigrated.

## Education

Gilbert studied for a Bachelor of Science at the University of Florida, from 1940 to 1942. He then moved to the University of Wisconsin–Madison for this PhD, which he obtained in 1945 under the supervision of Samuel M. McElvain.[8] While at Wisconsin he met Carl Djerassi, with whom he would go on to form a lasting friendship.

## Career

* 1946 Harvard University: Instructor; 1948 Assistant Professor
* 1953 Columbia University: Associate Professor; 1955 Professor; 1967–1993 Eugene Higgins Professor; *1993 Professor Emeritus[9]

## Elected to

* U.S. National Academy of Sciences, 1961
* American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1962
* Foreign Member of the French Academy of Sciences, 1989
* American Philosophical Society, 1995[10]
* The Royal Society, UK 1999

## Incidents

### The explosive steak

During his time at the University of Wisconsin, Stork kept a steak on his windowsill in the winter in order to keep it refrigerated. The steak began to degrade and to dispose of it Stork put it in a hot acid bath used to clean glassware which contained nitric and sulphuric acids. He was then concerned he would produce nitroglycerine due to the glycerine in the steak and the presence of nitric and sulphuric acids. However, due to the high temperature of the bath, the oxidation of glycerol was much faster than the nitration of glycerin thus preventing the formation of explosives.[5]

## Awarded Honorary Fellowship or membership

* Chemists' Club of New York, 1974[11]
* Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 1973[11]
* Chemical Society of Japan, 2002[11]
* Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, 1983[12]
* Chairman Organic Division of the American Chemical Society, 1966–1967[11]

## Awards

Professor Stork received a number of awards and honors including the following:[11]

* 1957 Award in Pure Chemistry of the American Chemical Society
* 1959 Guggenheim Foundation Fellow
* 1961 Baekeland Medal, North Jersey ACS
* 1962 Harrison Howe Award
* 1966 Edward Curtis Franklin Memorial Award, Stanford University
* 1967 ACS Award for Creative Work in Synthetic Organic Chemistry
* 1971 Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association Gold Medal
* 1973 Nebraska Award
* 1978 Roussel Prize, Paris
* 1980 Nichols Medal, New York ACS, Arthur C. Cope Award, ACS
* 1982 Edgar Fahs Smith Award, Philadelphia ACS
* 1982 Willard Gibbs Medal, Chicago ACS
* 1982 National Academy of Sciences Award in Chemical Sciences
* 1982 National Medal of Science from Ronald Reagan;[6] Linus Pauling Award
* 1985 Tetrahedron Prize
* 1986 Remsen Award, Maryland ACS[13]
* 1986 Cliff S. Hamilton Award
* 1987 Monie A Ferst Award and Medal, Georgia Tech.
* 1991 Roger Adams Award
* 1992 George Kenner Award, Liverpool
* 1992 Robert Robinson Lectureship, University of Manchester
* 1992 Chemical Pioneer Award, American Institute of Chemists
* 1993 Welch Award in Chemistry, Robert A. Welch Foundation
* 1994 Allan R. Day Award, Philadelphia Organic Chemists Club
* 1995 Wolf Prize, Israel
* 2002 Sir Derek Barton Gold medal, Royal Society of Chemistry
* 2005 Herbert C. Brown Award, American Chemical Society[14]

Stork also held honorary doctorates from Lawrence University, the University of Wisconsin–Madison, the University of Paris, the University of Rochester, and Columbia University.[14][15]

The inaugural Gilbert Stork Lecture was held in his honor in 2014 at his alma mater, the University of Wisconsin-Madison.[3][16] Gilbert Stork named lecture series are also held at other institutions, including Columbia University[17] and the University of Pennsylvania, as a result of his endowments.[18]

He was fêted for his sense of humor and colorful personality by historian of chemistry Jeffrey I. Seeman who published a collection of "Storkisms".[19]

## References

1. ↑ Wender, Paul A. (2017). "Gilbert Stork (1921–2017)". Nature 551 (7682): 566. doi:10.1038/d41586-017-07527-8. PMID 29189811.
2. ↑ Nakamura, Eiichi; Winkler, Jeffrey D.; Aggarwal, Varinder K. (2018). "Gilbert Stork (1921–2017)" (in en). Angewandte Chemie International Edition 57 (1): 36. doi:10.1002/anie.201711474. ISSN 1521-3773. PMID 29193592.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hargittai, István; Hargittai, Magdolna (2003). More conversations with famous chemists ([Verschiedene Aufl.] ed.). London: Imperial College Press. pp. 109–119. ISBN 978-1-86094-336-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=_uu3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA109. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
4. ↑ Stork, Gilbert; Terrell, Ross; Szmuszkovicz, Jacob (April 1954). "A New Synthesis of 2-Alkyl and 2-Acyl Ketones". Journal of the American Chemical Society 76 (7): 2029–2030. doi:10.1021/ja01636a103. Bibcode: 1954JAChS..76.2029S.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Seeman, Jeffrey I. (March 19, 2012). "Gilbert Stork: In His Own Words and in the Musings of His Friends" (in en). Angewandte Chemie International Edition 51 (12): 3012–3023. doi:10.1002/anie.201200033. ISSN 1521-3773. PMID 22383434.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Stork, Gilbert (December 2011). "Chemical reminiscences". Tetrahedron 67 (51): 9754–9764. doi:10.1016/j.tet.2011.10.007. http://doc.sciencenet.cn/upload/file/201229164333861.pdf. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
7. ↑ "C&EN's Top 75". Chemical and Engineering News. January 12, 1998. http://pubs.acs.org/cen/hotarticles/cenear/980112/top.html. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
8. ↑ "UW Madison Chemistry Newsletter for February 17, 2014 Mon". https://www.chem.wisc.edu/content/uw-madison-chemistry-newsletter-2172014.
9. ↑ Hoffman, Frances (1982). "Gilbert Stork: A Celebration of 35 Years in Research & Teaching". Aldrichimica Acta 15: 1–10.
10. ↑ "Faculty Named to Learned Society". Columbia University Record 20 (29). May 17, 1995. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/record/archives/vol20/vol20_iss29/record2029.15.html. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 "Emeritus Professor Gilbert Stork (Columbia University) was awarded an honorary member from the Chemical Society of Japan.". http://www.chem.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~common/stork/StorkE.html.
12. ↑ "Gilbert Stork". https://royalsociety.org/people/gilbert-stork-12356/.
13. ↑ "Ira Remsen Award". November 14, 2018. https://maryland.sites.acs.org/remsenaward.htm.
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Morris, Colin (January 10, 2005). "Chemistry Department Continues Award-Winning Legacy". Columbia News. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/news/04/10/chemistry.html.
15. ↑ Richardson, Lynda (May 20, 1993). "COMMENCEMENTS; Columbia Chief Stresses Role of Teacher". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/20/nyregion/commencements-columbia-chief-stresses-role-of-teacher.html.
16. ↑ "Seminars". UW Madison Chemistry Newsletter. October 27, 2014. https://www.chem.wisc.edu/content/uw-madison-chemistry-newsletter-10272014.
17. ↑ "Named Lecture The Gilbert Stork Lecture". http://chem.columbia.edu/events/named-lecture/the-gilbert-stork-lecture/.
18. ↑ "Gilbert Stork Lecture". https://www.chem.upenn.edu/content/gilbert-stork-lecture.
19. ↑ Halford, Bethany (March 6, 2012). "Gilbert Stork on How Not to Dispose of a Steak". http://cenblog.org/newscripts/2012/03/gilbert-stork-on-how-not-to-dispose-of-a-steak/.

## External links

* Finding aid to the Gilbert Stork papers at Columbia University Rare Book & Manuscript Library

* v
* t
* e

Laureates of the Wolf Prize in Chemistry

1970s|

* Carl Djerassi (1978)
* Herman Mark (1979)

1980s|

* Henry Eyring (1980)
* Joseph Chatt (1981)
* John Charles Polanyi / George C. Pimentel (1982)
* Herbert S. Gutowsky / Harden M. McConnell / John S. Waugh (1983/4)
* Rudolph A. Marcus (1984/5)
* Elias James Corey / Albert Eschenmoser (1986)
* David C. Phillips / David Blow (1987)
* Joshua Jortner / Raphael David Levine (1988)
* Duilio Arigoni / Alan R. Battersby (1989)

1990s|

* Richard R. Ernst / Alexander Pines (1991)
* John Pople (1992)
* Ahmed Zewail (1993)
* Richard Lerner / Peter Schultz (1994/5)
* Gilbert Stork / Samuel J. Danishefsky (1995/6)
* Gerhard Ertl / Gabor A. Somorjai (1998)
* Raymond Lemieux (1999)

2000s|

* F. Albert Cotton (2000)
* Henri B. Kagan / Ryōji Noyori / K. Barry Sharpless (2001)
* Harry B. Gray (2004)
* Richard N. Zare (2005)
* Ada Yonath / George Feher (2006/7)
* William E. Moerner / Allen J. Bard (2008)

2010s|

* Stuart A. Rice / Ching W. Tang / Krzysztof Matyjaszewski (2011)
* Paul Alivisatos / Charles M. Lieber (2012)
* Robert S. Langer (2013)
* Chi-Huey Wong (2014)
* K. C. Nicolaou / Stuart Schreiber (2016)
* Robert G. Bergman (2017)
* Omar M. Yaghi / Makoto Fujita (2018)
* Stephen L. Buchwald / John F. Hartwig (2019)

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United States National Medal of Science laureates

Behavioral and social science

| 1960s|

1964
Roger Adams
Othmar H. Ammann
Theodosius Dobzhansky
Neal Elgar Miller

|

1980s|

1986
Herbert A. Simon
1987
Anne Anastasi
George J. Stigler
1988
Milton Friedman

1990s|

1990
Leonid Hurwicz
Patrick Suppes
1991
Robert W. Kates
George A. Miller
1992
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1994
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1995
Roger N. Shepard
1996
Paul Samuelson
1997
William K. Estes
1998
William Julius Wilson
1999
Robert M. Solow

2000s|

2000
Gary Becker
2001
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2003
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2004
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2005
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2008
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2009
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2010s|

2011
Anne Treisman
2014
Robert Axelrod
2015
Albert Bandura

Biological sciences

| 1960s|

1963
C. B. van Niel
1964
Marshall W. Nirenberg
1965
Francis P. Rous
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1966
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Fritz Albert Lipmann
William C. Rose
Sewall Wright
1967
Kenneth S. Cole
Harry F. Harlow
Michael Heidelberger
Alfred H. Sturtevant
1968
Horace Barker
Bernard B. Brodie
Detlev W. Bronk
Jay Lush
Burrhus Frederic Skinner
1969
Robert Huebner
Ernst Mayr

|

1970s|

1970
Barbara McClintock
Albert B. Sabin
1973
Daniel I. Arnon
Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
1974
Britton Chance
Erwin Chargaff
James V. Neel
James Augustine Shannon
1975
Hallowell Davis
Paul Gyorgy
Sterling B. Hendricks
Orville Alvin Vogel
1976
Roger Guillemin
Keith Roberts Porter
Efraim Racker
E. O. Wilson
1979
Robert H. Burris
Elizabeth C. Crosby
Arthur Kornberg
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Earl Reece Stadtman
George Ledyard Stebbins
Paul Alfred Weiss

1980s|

1981
Philip Handler
1982
Seymour Benzer
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Mildred Cohn
1983
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Berta Scharrer
1986
Stanley Cohen
Donald A. Henderson
Vernon B. Mountcastle
George Emil Palade
Joan A. Steitz
1987
Michael E. DeBakey
Theodor O. Diener
Harry Eagle
Har Gobind Khorana
Rita Levi-Montalcini
1988
Michael S. Brown
Stanley Norman Cohen
Joseph L. Goldstein
Maurice R. Hilleman
Eric R. Kandel
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1989
Katherine Esau
Viktor Hamburger
Philip Leder
Joshua Lederberg
Roger W. Sperry
Harland G. Wood

1990s|

1990
Baruj Benacerraf
Herbert W. Boyer
Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
Edward B. Lewis
David G. Nathan
E. Donnall Thomas
1991
Mary Ellen Avery
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Elvin A. Kabat
Salvador Luria
Paul A. Marks
Folke K. Skoog
Paul C. Zamecnik
1992
Maxine Singer
Howard Martin Temin
1993
Daniel Nathans
Salome G. Waelsch
1994
Thomas Eisner
Elizabeth F. Neufeld
1995
Alexander Rich
1996
Ruth Patrick
1997
James Watson
Robert A. Weinberg
1998
Bruce Ames
Janet Rowley
1999
David Baltimore
Jared Diamond
Lynn Margulis

2000s|

2000
Nancy C. Andreasen
Peter H. Raven
Carl Woese
2001
Francisco J. Ayala
Mario R. Capecchi
Ann Graybiel
Gene E. Likens
Victor A. McKusick
Harold Varmus
2002
James E. Darnell
Evelyn M. Witkin
2003
J. Michael Bishop
Solomon H. Snyder
Charles Yanofsky
2004
Norman E. Borlaug
Phillip A. Sharp
Thomas E. Starzl
2005
Anthony S. Fauci
Torsten N. Wiesel
2006
Rita R. Colwell
Nina Fedoroff
Lubert Stryer
2007
Robert J. Lefkowitz
Bert W. O'Malley
2008
Francis S. Collins
Elaine Fuchs
J. Craig Venter
2009
Susan L. Lindquist
Stanley B. Prusiner

2010s|

2010
Ralph L. Brinster
Shu Chien
Rudolf Jaenisch
2011
Lucy Shapiro
Leroy Hood
Sallie Chisholm
2014
May Berenbaum
Bruce Alberts
2015
Stanley Falkow
Rakesh K. Jain
Mary-Claire King
Simon Levin

Chemistry

| 1980s|

1982
F. Albert Cotton
Gilbert Stork
1983
Roald Hoffmann
George C. Pimentel
Richard N. Zare
1986
Harry B. Gray
Yuan Tseh Lee
Carl S. Marvel
Frank H. Westheimer
1987
William S. Johnson
Walter H. Stockmayer
Max Tishler
1988
William O. Baker
Konrad E. Bloch
Elias J. Corey
1989
Richard B. Bernstein
Melvin Calvin
Rudolph A. Marcus
Harden M. McConnell

|

1990s|

1990
Elkan Blout
Karl Folkers
John D. Roberts
1991
Ronald Breslow
Gertrude B. Elion
Dudley R. Herschbach
Glenn T. Seaborg
1992
Howard E. Simmons Jr.
1993
Donald J. Cram
Norman Hackerman
1994
George S. Hammond
1995
Thomas Cech
Isabella L. Karle
1996
Norman Davidson
1997
Darleane C. Hoffman
Harold S. Johnston
1998
John W. Cahn
George M. Whitesides
1999
Stuart A. Rice
John Ross
Susan Solomon

2000s|

2000
John D. Baldeschwieler
Ralph F. Hirschmann
2001
Ernest R. Davidson
Gábor A. Somorjai
2002
John I. Brauman
2004
Stephen J. Lippard
2006
Marvin H. Caruthers
Peter B. Dervan
2007
Mostafa A. El-Sayed
2008
Joanna Fowler
JoAnne Stubbe
2009
Stephen J. Benkovic
Marye Anne Fox

2010s|

2010
Jacqueline K. Barton
Peter J. Stang
2011
Allen J. Bard
M. Frederick Hawthorne
2014
Judith P. Klinman
Jerrold Meinwald
2015
A. Paul Alivisatos
Geraldine L. Richmond

Engineering sciences

| 1960s|

1962
Theodore von Kármán
1963
Vannevar Bush
John Robinson Pierce
1964
Charles S. Draper
1965
Hugh L. Dryden
Clarence L. Johnson
Warren K. Lewis
1966
Claude E. Shannon
1967
Edwin H. Land
Igor I. Sikorsky
1968
J. Presper Eckert
Nathan M. Newmark
1969
Jack St. Clair Kilby

|

1970s|

1970
George E. Mueller
1973
Harold E. Edgerton
Richard T. Whitcomb
1974
Rudolf Kompfner
Ralph Brazelton Peck
Abel Wolman
1975
Manson Benedict
William Hayward Pickering
Frederick E. Terman
Wernher von Braun
1976
Morris Cohen
Peter C. Goldmark
Erwin Wilhelm Müller
1979
Emmett N. Leith
Raymond D. Mindlin
Robert N. Noyce
Earl R. Parker
Simon Ramo

1980s|

1982
Edward H. Heinemann
Donald L. Katz
1983
Bill Hewlett
George Low
John G. Trump
1986
Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
Tung-Yen Lin
Bernard M. Oliver
1987
Robert Byron Bird
H. Bolton Seed
Ernst Weber
1988
Daniel C. Drucker
Willis M. Hawkins
George W. Housner
1989
Harry George Drickamer
Herbert E. Grier

1990s|

1990
Mildred Dresselhaus
Nick Holonyak Jr.
1991
George H. Heilmeier
Luna B. Leopold
H. Guyford Stever
1992
Calvin F. Quate
John Roy Whinnery
1993
Alfred Y. Cho
1994
Ray W. Clough
1995
Hermann A. Haus
1996
James L. Flanagan
C. Kumar N. Patel
1998
Eli Ruckenstein
1999
Kenneth N. Stevens

2000s|

2000
Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
2001
Andreas Acrivos
2002
Leo Beranek
2003
John M. Prausnitz
2004
Edwin N. Lightfoot
2005
Jan D. Achenbach
Tobin J. Marks
2006
Robert S. Langer
2007
David J. Wineland
2008
Rudolf E. Kálmán
2009
Amnon Yariv

2010s|

2010
Shu Chien
2011
John B. Goodenough
2014
Thomas Kailath

Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences

| 1960s|

1963
Norbert Wiener
1964
Solomon Lefschetz
H. Marston Morse
1965
Oscar Zariski
1966
John Milnor
1967
Paul Cohen
1968
Jerzy Neyman
1969
William Feller

|

1970s|

1970
Richard Brauer
1973
John Tukey
1974
Kurt Gödel
1975
John W. Backus
Shiing-Shen Chern
George Dantzig
1976
Kurt Otto Friedrichs
Hassler Whitney
1979
Joseph L. Doob
Donald E. Knuth

1980s|

1982
Marshall Harvey Stone
1983
Herman Goldstine
Isadore Singer
1986
Peter Lax
Antoni Zygmund
1987
Raoul Bott
Michael Freedman
1988
Ralph E. Gomory
Joseph B. Keller
1989
Samuel Karlin
Saunders Mac Lane
Donald C. Spencer

1990s|

1990
George F. Carrier
Stephen Cole Kleene
John McCarthy
1991
Alberto Calderón
1992
Allen Newell
1993
Martin David Kruskal
1994
John Cocke
1995
Louis Nirenberg
1996
Richard Karp
Stephen Smale
1997
Shing-Tung Yau
1998
Cathleen Synge Morawetz
1999
Felix Browder
Ronald R. Coifman

2000s|

2000
John Griggs Thompson
Karen Uhlenbeck
2001
Calyampudi R. Rao
Elias M. Stein
2002
James G. Glimm
2003
Carl R. de Boor
2004
Dennis P. Sullivan
2005
Bradley Efron
2006
Hyman Bass
2007
Leonard Kleinrock
Andrew J. Viterbi
2009
David B. Mumford

2010s|

2010
Richard A. Tapia
S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
2011
Solomon W. Golomb
Barry Mazur
2014
Alexandre Chorin
David Blackwell
2015
Michael Artin

Physical sciences

| 1960s|

1963
Luis W. Alvarez
1964
Julian Schwinger
Harold Clayton Urey
Robert Burns Woodward
1965
John Bardeen
Peter Debye
Leon M. Lederman
William Rubey
1966
Jacob Bjerknes
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Henry Eyring
John H. Van Vleck
Vladimir K. Zworykin
1967
Jesse Beams
Francis Birch
Gregory Breit
Louis Hammett
George Kistiakowsky
1968
Paul Bartlett
Herbert Friedman
Lars Onsager
Eugene Wigner
1969
Herbert C. Brown
Wolfgang Panofsky

|

1970s|

1970
Robert H. Dicke
Allan R. Sandage
John C. Slater
John A. Wheeler
Saul Winstein
1973
Carl Djerassi
Maurice Ewing
Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
Vladimir Haensel
Frederick Seitz
Robert Rathbun Wilson
1974
Nicolaas Bloembergen
Paul Flory
William Alfred Fowler
Linus Carl Pauling
Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
1975
Hans A. Bethe
Joseph O. Hirschfelder
Lewis Sarett
Edgar Bright Wilson
Chien-Shiung Wu
1976
Samuel Goudsmit
Herbert S. Gutowsky
Frederick Rossini
Verner Suomi
Henry Taube
George Uhlenbeck
1979
Richard P. Feynman
Herman Mark
Edward M. Purcell
John Sinfelt
Lyman Spitzer
Victor F. Weisskopf

1980s|

1982
Philip W. Anderson
Yoichiro Nambu
Edward Teller
Charles H. Townes
1983
E. Margaret Burbidge
Maurice Goldhaber
Helmut Landsberg
Walter Munk
Frederick Reines
Bruno B. Rossi
J. Robert Schrieffer
1986
Solomon J. Buchsbaum
H. Richard Crane
Herman Feshbach
Robert Hofstadter
Chen-Ning Yang
1987
Philip Abelson
Walter Elsasser
Paul C. Lauterbur
George Pake
James A. Van Allen
1988
D. Allan Bromley
Paul Ching-Wu Chu
Walter Kohn
Norman F. Ramsey
Jack Steinberger
1989
Arnold O. Beckman
Eugene Parker
Robert Sharp
Henry Stommel

1990s|

1990
Allan M. Cormack
Edwin M. McMillan
Robert Pound
Roger Revelle
1991
Arthur L. Schawlow
Ed Stone
Steven Weinberg
1992
Eugene M. Shoemaker
1993
Val Fitch
Vera Rubin
1994
Albert Overhauser
Frank Press
1995
Hans Dehmelt
Peter Goldreich
1996
Wallace S. Broecker
1997
Marshall Rosenbluth
Martin Schwarzschild
George Wetherill
1998
Don L. Anderson
John N. Bahcall
1999
James Cronin
Leo Kadanoff

2000s|

2000
Willis E. Lamb
Jeremiah P. Ostriker
Gilbert F. White
2001
Marvin L. Cohen
Raymond Davis Jr.
Charles Keeling
2002
Richard Garwin
W. Jason Morgan
Edward Witten
2003
G. Brent Dalrymple
Riccardo Giacconi
2004
Robert N. Clayton
2005
Ralph A. Alpher
Lonnie Thompson
2006
Daniel Kleppner
2007
Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
Charles P. Slichter
2008
Berni Alder
James E. Gunn
2009
Yakir Aharonov
Esther M. Conwell
Warren M. Washington

2010s|

2011
Sidney Drell
Sandra Faber
Sylvester James Gates
2012
Burton Richter
Sean C. Solomon
2014
Shirley Ann Jackson

* v
* t
* e

Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1999

Fellows|

* Frances Ashcroft
* Anthony Barrett
* Rosa Beddington
* Derek Briggs
* Simon Campbell
* Ian Carmichael
* Lorna Casselton
* John Brian Clegg
* David Cockayne
* David Delpy
* Derek Denton
* Raymond Dixon
* Athene Donald
* Philip England
* Douglas Fearon
* Gary Gibbons
* Timothy Gowers
* Ron Grigg
* Alan Hall
* Peter L. Knight
* John Paul Maier
* Barry Marshall
* Iain Mattaj
* Ernest McCulloch
* John G. McWhirter
* John Mollon
* John Ockendon
* John Pethica
* Dolph Schluter
* John G. Shepherd
* Joseph Silk
* James Stirling
* Alfred G. Sykes
* Janet Thornton
* John F. Toland
* Tony Trewavas
* Alan Walker
* Graham Barry Warren
* Denis Weaire
* Peter M. Williams
* Robert Williamson
* Magdi Yacoub

Foreign|

* Robert Huber
* Marc Kirschner
* G. Ledyard Stebbins
* Gilbert Stork
* Edward Witten
* Richard Zare

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert Stork. Read more

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