Jack Kilby

Kilby, early 1960s

Born|

Jack St. Clair Kilby

(1923-11-08)November 8, 1923

Jefferson City, Missouri, US

Died| June 20, 2005(2005-06-20) (aged 81)

Dallas, Texas, US

Education|

* University of Illinois (BS)
* University of Wisconsin (MS)

Known for| Invention of the integrated circuit
Spouse(s)|

Barbara Annegers (m. 1948)

Children| 2
Awards|

* Stuart Ballantine Medal (1966)
* IEEE David Sarnoff Award (1966)
* National Medal of Science (1969)
* IEEE Cledo Brunetti Award (1978)
* Holley Medal (1982, 1989)
* IEEE Medal of Honor (1986)
* Charles Stark Draper Prize (1989)
* National Medal of Technology and Innovation (1990)
* Computer Pioneer Award (1993)
* Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology (1993)
* Washington Award (1999)
* Nobel Prize in Physics (2000)
* Harold Pender Award (2000)

Scientific career
Fields| Microelectronics
Institutions| Texas Instruments (1958–1983)

Jack St. Clair Kilby (November 8, 1923 – June 20, 2005) was an American electronics engineer who took part, along with Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor, in the realization of the first integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments in 1958.[1]: 22 For this invention, Kilby shared the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics.[2]

Kilby was also a co-inventor of the handheld calculator and the thermal printer, for which he had the patents. He also had patents for seven other inventions.[3]

## Contents

* 1 Early life and education
* 2 Invention of the integrated circuit
* 3 Later career
* 4 Family
* 5 Death and legacy
* 6 Recognition
* 6.1 Awards
* 6.2 Memberships
* 6.3 National awards
* 6.4 Honorary degrees
* 7 Commemoration
* 8 See also
* 9 Notes
* 10 References
* 11 References bibliography
* 12 External links

## Early life and education

Jack St. Clair Kilby was born on November 8, 1923, in Jefferson City, Missouri. His father ran a small electric company that served customers in rural western Kansas.

Kilby grew up and attended school in Great Bend, Kansas, graduating from Great Bend High School. Today, road signs at the entrances to the town commemorate his time there, and the Commons Area at Great Bend High School has been named The Jack Kilby Commons Area.

Kilby received his B.S. and M.S. degrees, both in electrical engineering, from the University of Illinois in 1947 and the University of Wisconsin in 1950, respectively.

## Invention of the integrated circuit

Main article: Engineering:Invention of the integrated circuit

Kilby's original integrated circuit, 1958.

Kilby was vital to the invention of the integrated circuit. In mid-1958, as a newly employed engineer at Texas Instruments (TI), he did not yet have the right to a summer vacation. Kilby spent the summer working on the problem in circuit design that was commonly called the "tyranny of numbers," and he finally came to the conclusion that the manufacturing of circuit components en masse in a single piece of semiconductor material could provide a solution. On September 12, he presented his findings to company's management, which included Mark Shepherd. He showed them a piece of germanium with an oscilloscope attached, pressed a switch, and the oscilloscope showed a continuous sine wave, proving that his integrated circuit worked, and thus that he had solved the problem.[4] U.S. Patent 3,138,743 for "Miniaturized electronic circuits," the first integrated circuit, was filed on February 6, 1959.[5] It was notable for having different components (transistors, diodes, resistors, capacitors, etc.) on one single substrate.[1]: 22 Along with Robert Noyce (who independently made a similar circuit a few months later), Kilby is generally credited as co-inventor of the integrated circuit.

## Later career

Kilby went on to pioneer military, industrial, and commercial applications of microchip technology. He headed teams that created the first military system and the first computer incorporating integrated circuits. He invented the handheld calculator (along with Jerry Merryman and James Van Tassel[6]).

In 1970, Kilby took a leave of absence from TI to work as an independent inventor. He explored, among other subjects, the use of silicon technology for generating electrical power from sunlight. From 1978 to 1984, he held the position of Distinguished Professor of Electrical Engineering at Texas A&M University.

Kilby retired from Texas Instruments in 1983.

## Family

In 1948, Kilby married Barbara Annegers. They had two daughters, Ann and Janet.[7]

## Death and legacy

Kilby died of cancer on June 20, 2005, in Dallas, Texas, at the age of 81.[8]

On December 14, 2005, Texas Instruments created the Historic TI Archives. The Jack Kilby family donated his personal manuscripts and his personal photograph collection to Southern Methodist University (SMU). The collection will be cataloged and stored at DeGolyer Library, SMU.

In 2008, the SMU School of Engineering, with the DeGolyer Library and the Library of Congress, hosted a year-long celebration of the 50th anniversary of the birth of the digital age with Kilby's Nobel Prize-winning invention of the integrated circuit. Symposia and exhibits examined the many ways in which technology and engineers shaped the modern world. Kilby held an honorary doctorate of science from SMU and was a longtime associate of SMU through the Kilby Foundation.

## Recognition

### Awards

Year  | Organization  | Award  | Citation  | Ref.

|
|
|
|

1966  |  Franklin Institute  | Stuart Ballantine Medal[lower-alpha 1] | "For the development of monolithic integrated circuits (microchips)."  | [9]
1966  |  IEEE  | IEEE David Sarnoff Award  | "For his outstanding creative contribution in the field of monolithic integrated circuits, for his key inventions and for his team leadership in the application of integrated circuits to large scale systems."  | [10]
1978  |  IEEE  | IEEE Cledo Brunetti Award[lower-alpha 1] | "For contributions to miniaturization through inventions and the development of integrated circuits."  | [11]
1982  |  ASME | Holley Medal  |  | [12]
1986  |  IEEE  | IEEE Medal of Honor  | "For fundamental contributions to semiconductor integrated circuit technology."  | [13]
1989  |  ASME | Holley Medal[lower-alpha 2] |  | [12]
1989  |  National Academy of Engineering  | Charles Stark Draper Prize[lower-alpha 1] | "For their independent development of the monolithic integrated circuit."  | [14]
1993  |  IEEE Computer Society | Computer Pioneer Award | "For co-inventing the integrated circuit."  | [15]
1993  |  Inamori Foundation  | Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology  | "Creation of the Concept of the Monolithic Semiconductor Integrated Circuit and Its Demonstration."  | [16]
1999  |  Western Society of Engineers | Washington Award  | "For his distinguished electronics career, including the invention of the monolithic integrated circuit which was the foundation for modern electrics."  | [17]
2000  |  Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences  | Nobel Prize in Physics[lower-alpha 3] | "For his part in the invention of the integrated circuit."  | [2]
2000  |  University of Pennsylvania | Harold Pender Award  | "For his contribution to the invention of the integrated circuit, or microchip."  | [18]

### Memberships

Year  | Organization  | Type  | Ref.

|
|
|

1967  |  National Academy of Engineering  | Member  | [19]
2001  |  American Philosophical Society  | Member  | [20]

### National awards

Year  | Head of state  | Award  | Citation  | Ref.

|
|
|
|

1969  |  Richard Nixon  | National Medal of Science  | "For original conceptions and valuable contributions in the production and application of integrated circuits."  | [21]
1990  |  George H. W. Bush  | National Medal of Technology and Innovation  | "For original conceptions and valuable contributions in the production and application of integrated circuits."  | [22]

### Honorary degrees

Year  | University  | Degree  | Ref.

|
|
|

1988  |  University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign |  | [23]
1990  |  University of Wisconsin–Madison | Doctor of Science | [24]
1995  |  Southern Methodist University | Doctor of Science  | [25]
1996  |  Yale University | Doctor of Science  | [26]

## Commemoration

The Kilby Award Foundation was founded in 1980 in his honor, and the IEEE Jack S. Kilby Signal Processing Medal was created in 1995.

The Kilby Labs, TI's research laboratory for silicon manufacturing and integrated circuit design, is named after him.

For 2012, see 7.

A statue of Jack Kilby stands in Texas Instruments Plaza on the campus of The University of Texas at Dallas.[27]

Barton Community College in Great Bend, Kansas, holds an annual Jack Kilby STEM Day. [28]

## See also

* Geoffrey Dummer

## Notes

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Awarded jointly with Robert Noyce.
2. ↑ Awarded jointly with Jerry Merryman and James H. Van Tassel.
3. ↑ Awarded jointly with Zhores Alferov and Herbert Kroemer.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Harper, Charles A., ed (2004). Electronic materials and processes handbook. McGraw-Hill handbooks (3 ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 9780071402149.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Nobel Prize in Physics 2000". Nobel Foundation. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2000/summary/.
3. ↑ "The Chip that Jack Built". IT Invention. http://www.ti.com/corp/docs/kilbyctr/jackbuilt.shtml.
4. ↑ Das, Saswato R. (September 19, 2008). "Opinion: The chip that changed the world" (in en-US). The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/19/opinion/19iht-eddas.1.16308269.html.
5. ↑ "Miniaturized electronic circuits" US patent 3138743, issued 1964-06-23, assigned to Texas Instruments Inc
6. ↑ Stengle, Jamie (March 7, 2019). "Jerry Merryman, co-inventor of handheld electronic calculator, dies at 86". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/jerry-merryman-co-inventor-of-handheld-electronic-calculator-dies-at-86/2019/03/07/801f910c-413c-11e9-922c-64d6b7840b82_story.html.
7. ↑ "Jack S. Kilby". American Institute of Physics. https://history.aip.org/phn/11603012.html.
8. ↑ John Markoff (June 22, 2005). "Jack S. Kilby, an Inventor of the Microchip, Is Dead at 81". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/22/business/jack-s-kilby-an-inventor-of-the-microchip-is-dead-at-81.html.
9. ↑ "Jack S. Kilby". Franklin Institute. https://fi.edu/en/awards/laureates/jack-s-kilby.
10. ↑ "IEEE David Sarnoff Award Recipients". IEEE. http://www.ieee.org/documents/sarnoff_rl.pdf.
11. ↑ "IEEE Cledo Brunetti Award Recipients". IEEE. https://www.ieee.org/content/dam/ieee-org/ieee/web/org/about/awards/recipients/brunetti_rl.pdf.
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Holley Medal". https://www.asme.org/about-asme/honors-awards/achievement-awards/holley-medal.
13. ↑ "Jack St. Clair Kilby". Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://corporate-awards.ieee.org/recipient/jack-st-clair-kilby/.
14. ↑ "1989 Winners: Jack S. Kilby and Robert N. Noyce". http://draperprize.org/1989.php.
15. ↑ "Jack S. Kilby". https://www.computer.org/profiles/jack-kilby.
16. ↑ "Jack St. Clair Kilby". https://www.kyotoprize.org/en/laureates/jack_st_clair_kilby/.
17. ↑ "Recipients". https://www.washingtonaward.com/recipients/.
18. ↑ "The Harold Pender Award Lecture". University of Pennsylvania. https://events.seas.upenn.edu/distinguished-lectures/pender-lecture/.
19. ↑ "Mr. Jack S. Kilby". https://www.nae.edu/29087/Mr-Jack-S-Kilby.
20. ↑ "APS Member History". https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Jack+St.+Clair+Kilby&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced.
21. ↑ "Jack St. Clair Kilby". https://nationalmedals.org/laureate/jack-st-clair-kilby/.
22. ↑ "Jack St. Clair Kilby". https://nationalmedals.org/laureate/jack-st-clair-kilby-2/.
23. ↑ "Jack S. Kilby". https://grainger.illinois.edu/alumni/hall-of-fame/jack-kilby.
24. ↑ "Honorary Degree Recipients". https://secfac.wisc.edu/awards/honorary-degrees/recipients/.
25. ↑ "Jack St. Clair Kilby". https://s3.smu.edu/des/registrar/HonoraryDegrees/?a=bio&pid=144&name=Jack Kilby.
26. ↑ "Honorary Degrees Since 1702". Yale University. https://secretary.yale.edu/programs-services/honorary-degrees/since-1702?field_degrees_value=All&field_year_value=All&keys=Kilby,+Jack+St.+Clair.
27. ↑ "What's the Story? The TI Plaza Statue". https://magazine.utdallas.edu/2022/06/08/whats-the-story-the-ti-plaza-statue/.
28. ↑ "Barton College - Jack Kilby STEM Day". https://bartonccc.edu/jack-kilby-stem-day.

## References bibliography

* Berlin, Leslie The man behind the microchip: Robert Noyce and the invention of Silicon Valley  Publisher Oxford University Press US, 2005 ISBN 0-19-516343-5
* Lécuyer, Christophe. Making Silicon Valley: Innovation and the Growth of High Tech, 1930-1970 Published by MIT Press, 2006.ISBN 0262122812
* Nobel lectures, World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 2000.

## External links

* "Jack St. Clair Kilby: A Man of Few Words", biography by Ed Millis.
* "From concept to cosmos: How Jack Kilby's integrated circuit transformed the electronics industry" , biography by Texas Instruments.
* "Jack Kilby, Touching Lives on Micro and Macro Scales" by T.R. Reid, The Washington Post (June 2005).
* Jack S. Kilby Patents
* "Tribute to Jack Kilby", Dream 2047, November 2005

* v
* t
* e

Laureates of the Nobel Prize in Physics

1901–1925|

* 1901: Röntgen
* 1902: Lorentz / Zeeman
* 1903: Becquerel / P. Curie / M. Curie
* 1904: Rayleigh
* 1905: Lenard
* 1906: J. J. Thomson
* 1907: Michelson
* 1908: Lippmann
* 1909: Marconi / Braun
* 1910: Van der Waals
* 1911: Wien
* 1912: Dalén
* 1913: Kamerlingh Onnes
* 1914: Laue
* 1915: W. L. Bragg / W. H. Bragg
* 1916
* 1917: Barkla
* 1918: Planck
* 1919: Stark
* 1920: Guillaume
* 1921: Einstein
* 1922: N. Bohr
* 1923: Millikan
* 1924: M. Siegbahn
* 1925: Franck / Hertz

1926–1950|

* 1926: Perrin
* 1927: Compton / C. Wilson
* 1928: O. Richardson
* 1929: De Broglie
* 1930: Raman
* 1931
* 1932: Heisenberg
* 1933: Schrödinger / Dirac
* 1934
* 1935: Chadwick
* 1936: Hess / C. D. Anderson
* 1937: Davisson / G. P. Thomson
* 1938: Fermi
* 1939: Lawrence
* 1940
* 1941
* 1942
* 1943: Stern
* 1944: Rabi
* 1945: Pauli
* 1946: Bridgman
* 1947: Appleton
* 1948: Blackett
* 1949: Yukawa
* 1950: Powell

1951–1975|

* 1951: Cockcroft / Walton
* 1952: Bloch / Purcell
* 1953: Zernike
* 1954: Born / Bothe
* 1955: Lamb / Kusch
* 1956: Shockley / Bardeen / Brattain
* 1957: C. N. Yang / T. D. Lee
* 1958: Cherenkov / Frank / Tamm
* 1959: Segrè / Chamberlain
* 1960: Glaser
* 1961: Hofstadter / Mössbauer
* 1962: Landau
* 1963: Wigner / Goeppert Mayer / Jensen
* 1964: Townes / Basov / Prokhorov
* 1965: Tomonaga / Schwinger / Feynman
* 1966: Kastler
* 1967: Bethe
* 1968: Alvarez
* 1969: Gell-Mann
* 1970: Alfvén / Néel
* 1971: Gabor
* 1972: Bardeen / Cooper / Schrieffer
* 1973: Esaki / Giaever / Josephson
* 1974: Ryle / Hewish
* 1975: A. Bohr / Mottelson / Rainwater

1976–2000|

* 1976: Richter / Ting
* 1977: P. W. Anderson / Mott / Van Vleck
* 1978: Kapitsa / Penzias / R. Wilson
* 1979: Glashow / Salam / Weinberg
* 1980: Cronin / Fitch
* 1981: Bloembergen / Schawlow / K. Siegbahn
* 1982: K. Wilson
* 1983: Chandrasekhar / Fowler
* 1984: Rubbia / Van der Meer
* 1985: von Klitzing
* 1986: Ruska / Binnig / Rohrer
* 1987: Bednorz / Müller
* 1988: Lederman / Schwartz / Steinberger
* 1989: Ramsey / Dehmelt / Paul
* 1990: Friedman / Kendall / R. Taylor
* 1991: de Gennes
* 1992: Charpak
* 1993: Hulse / J. Taylor
* 1994: Brockhouse / Shull
* 1995: Perl / Reines
* 1996: D. Lee / Osheroff / R. Richardson
* 1997: Chu / Cohen-Tannoudji / Phillips
* 1998: Laughlin / Störmer / Tsui
* 1999: 't Hooft / Veltman
* 2000: Alferov / Kroemer / Kilby

2001–
present|

* 2001: Cornell / Ketterle / Wieman
* 2002: Davis / Koshiba / Giacconi
* 2003: Abrikosov / Ginzburg / Leggett
* 2004: Gross / Politzer / Wilczek
* 2005: Glauber / Hall / Hänsch
* 2006: Mather / Smoot
* 2007: Fert / Grünberg
* 2008: Nambu / Kobayashi / Maskawa
* 2009: Kao / Boyle / Smith
* 2010: Geim / Novoselov
* 2011: Perlmutter / Riess / Schmidt
* 2012: Wineland / Haroche
* 2013: Englert / Higgs
* 2014: Akasaki / Amano / Nakamura
* 2015: Kajita / McDonald
* 2016: Thouless / Haldane / Kosterlitz
* 2017: Weiss / Barish / Thorne
* 2018: Ashkin / Mourou / Strickland
* 2019: Peebles / Mayor / Queloz

* v
* t
* e

2000 Nobel Prize laureates

Chemistry|

* Alan J. Heeger (United States)
* Alan G. MacDiarmid (United States/New Zealand)
* Hideki Shirakawa (Japan)

Literature|

Gao Xingjian (China/France)

Peace|

Kim Dae-jung (South Korea)

Physics|

* Zhores Ivanovich Alferov (Russia)
* Herbert Kroemer (Germany)
* Jack St. Clair Kilby (United States)

Physiology or Medicine|

* Arvid Carlsson (Sweden)
* Paul Greengard (United States)
* Eric R. Kandel (United States)

Economic Sciences|

* James Heckman (United States)
* Daniel McFadden (United States)

Nobel Prize recipients
1990

2000

* v
* t
* e

IEEE Medal of Honor

1976–2000|

* H. Earle Vaughan (1977)
* Robert Noyce (1978)
* Richard Bellman (1979)
* William Shockley (1980)
* Sidney Darlington (1981)
* John Tukey (1982)
* Nicolaas Bloembergen (1983)
* Norman Ramsey (1984)
* John Roy Whinnery (1985)
* Jack Kilby (1986)
* Paul Lauterbur (1987)
* Calvin Quate (1988)
* C. Kumar Patel (1989)
* Robert G. Gallager (1990)
* Leo Esaki (1991)
* Amos E. Joel, Jr. (1992)
* Karl Johan Åström (1993)
* Alfred Y. Cho (1994)
* Lotfi A. Zadeh (1995)
* Robert Metcalfe (1996)
* George H. Heilmeier (1997)
* Donald Pederson (1998)
* Charles Concordia (1999)
* Andrew Grove (2000)

* v
* t
* e

Charles Stark Draper Prize recipients

1980s|

* Jack Kilby / Robert Noyce (1989)

1990s|

* Frank Whittle / Hans von Ohain (1991)
* John Backus (1993)
* John R. Pierce / Harold A. Rosen (1995)
* Vladimir Haensel (1997)
* Charles K. Kao / Robert D. Maurer / John B. MacChesney (1999)

2000s|

* Vinton Cerf / Bob Kahn / Leonard Kleinrock / Lawrence G. Roberts (2001)
* Robert Langer (2002)
* Ivan A. Getting / Bradford W. Parkinson (2003)
* Alan Kay / Butler Lampson / Robert Taylor / Charles P. Thacker (2004)
* Minoru S. Araki / Francis J. Madden / Edward A. Miller / James W. Plummer / Don H. Schoessler (2005)
* Willard Boyle / George E. Smith (2006)
* Tim Berners-Lee (2007)
* Rudolf E. Kalman (2008)
* Robert H. Dennard (2009)

2010s|

* Frances Arnold / Willem P.C. Stemmer (2011)
* George H. Heilmeier / Wolfgang Helfrich / Martin Schadt / T. Peter Brody (2012)
* Thomas Haug / Martin Cooper / Yoshihisa Okumura / Richard H. Frenkiel / Joel S. Engel (2013)
* John Goodenough / Yoshio Nishi / Rachid Yazami / Akira Yoshino (2014)
* Isamu Akasaki / George Craford / Russell Dupuis / Nick Holonyak / Shuji Nakamura (2015)
* Andrew Viterbi (2016)
* Bjarne Stroustrup (2018)

* v
* t
* e

United States National Medal of Science laureates

Behavioral and social science

| 1960s|

1964
Roger Adams
Othmar H. Ammann
Theodosius Dobzhansky
Neal Elgar Miller

|

1980s|

1986
Herbert A. Simon
1987
Anne Anastasi
George J. Stigler
1988
Milton Friedman

1990s|

1990
Leonid Hurwicz
Patrick Suppes
1991
Robert W. Kates
George A. Miller
1992
Eleanor J. Gibson
1994
Robert K. Merton
1995
Roger N. Shepard
1996
Paul Samuelson
1997
William K. Estes
1998
William Julius Wilson
1999
Robert M. Solow

2000s|

2000
Gary Becker
2001
George Bass
2003
R. Duncan Luce
2004
Kenneth Arrow
2005
Gordon H. Bower
2008
Michael I. Posner
2009
Mortimer Mishkin

2010s|

2011
Anne Treisman
2014
Robert Axelrod
2015
Albert Bandura

Biological sciences

| 1960s|

1963
C. B. van Niel
1964
Marshall W. Nirenberg
1965
Francis P. Rous
George G. Simpson
Donald D. Van Slyke
1966
Edward F. Knipling
Fritz Albert Lipmann
William C. Rose
Sewall Wright
1967
Kenneth S. Cole
Harry F. Harlow
Michael Heidelberger
Alfred H. Sturtevant
1968
Horace Barker
Bernard B. Brodie
Detlev W. Bronk
Jay Lush
Burrhus Frederic Skinner
1969
Robert Huebner
Ernst Mayr

|

1970s|

1970
Barbara McClintock
Albert B. Sabin
1973
Daniel I. Arnon
Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
1974
Britton Chance
Erwin Chargaff
James V. Neel
James Augustine Shannon
1975
Hallowell Davis
Paul Gyorgy
Sterling B. Hendricks
Orville Alvin Vogel
1976
Roger Guillemin
Keith Roberts Porter
Efraim Racker
E. O. Wilson
1979
Robert H. Burris
Elizabeth C. Crosby
Arthur Kornberg
Severo Ochoa
Earl Reece Stadtman
George Ledyard Stebbins
Paul Alfred Weiss

1980s|

1981
Philip Handler
1982
Seymour Benzer
Glenn W. Burton
Mildred Cohn
1983
Howard L. Bachrach
Paul Berg
Wendell L. Roelofs
Berta Scharrer
1986
Stanley Cohen
Donald A. Henderson
Vernon B. Mountcastle
George Emil Palade
Joan A. Steitz
1987
Michael E. DeBakey
Theodor O. Diener
Harry Eagle
Har Gobind Khorana
Rita Levi-Montalcini
1988
Michael S. Brown
Stanley Norman Cohen
Joseph L. Goldstein
Maurice R. Hilleman
Eric R. Kandel
Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
1989
Katherine Esau
Viktor Hamburger
Philip Leder
Joshua Lederberg
Roger W. Sperry
Harland G. Wood

1990s|

1990
Baruj Benacerraf
Herbert W. Boyer
Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
Edward B. Lewis
David G. Nathan
E. Donnall Thomas
1991
Mary Ellen Avery
G. Evelyn Hutchinson
Elvin A. Kabat
Salvador Luria
Paul A. Marks
Folke K. Skoog
Paul C. Zamecnik
1992
Maxine Singer
Howard Martin Temin
1993
Daniel Nathans
Salome G. Waelsch
1994
Thomas Eisner
Elizabeth F. Neufeld
1995
Alexander Rich
1996
Ruth Patrick
1997
James Watson
Robert A. Weinberg
1998
Bruce Ames
Janet Rowley
1999
David Baltimore
Jared Diamond
Lynn Margulis

2000s|

2000
Nancy C. Andreasen
Peter H. Raven
Carl Woese
2001
Francisco J. Ayala
Mario R. Capecchi
Ann Graybiel
Gene E. Likens
Victor A. McKusick
Harold Varmus
2002
James E. Darnell
Evelyn M. Witkin
2003
J. Michael Bishop
Solomon H. Snyder
Charles Yanofsky
2004
Norman E. Borlaug
Phillip A. Sharp
Thomas E. Starzl
2005
Anthony S. Fauci
Torsten N. Wiesel
2006
Rita R. Colwell
Nina Fedoroff
Lubert Stryer
2007
Robert J. Lefkowitz
Bert W. O'Malley
2008
Francis S. Collins
Elaine Fuchs
J. Craig Venter
2009
Susan L. Lindquist
Stanley B. Prusiner

2010s|

2010
Ralph L. Brinster
Shu Chien
Rudolf Jaenisch
2011
Lucy Shapiro
Leroy Hood
Sallie Chisholm
2014
May Berenbaum
Bruce Alberts
2015
Stanley Falkow
Rakesh K. Jain
Mary-Claire King
Simon Levin

Chemistry

| 1980s|

1982
F. Albert Cotton
Gilbert Stork
1983
Roald Hoffmann
George C. Pimentel
Richard N. Zare
1986
Harry B. Gray
Yuan Tseh Lee
Carl S. Marvel
Frank H. Westheimer
1987
William S. Johnson
Walter H. Stockmayer
Max Tishler
1988
William O. Baker
Konrad E. Bloch
Elias J. Corey
1989
Richard B. Bernstein
Melvin Calvin
Rudolph A. Marcus
Harden M. McConnell

|

1990s|

1990
Elkan Blout
Karl Folkers
John D. Roberts
1991
Ronald Breslow
Gertrude B. Elion
Dudley R. Herschbach
Glenn T. Seaborg
1992
Howard E. Simmons Jr.
1993
Donald J. Cram
Norman Hackerman
1994
George S. Hammond
1995
Thomas Cech
Isabella L. Karle
1996
Norman Davidson
1997
Darleane C. Hoffman
Harold S. Johnston
1998
John W. Cahn
George M. Whitesides
1999
Stuart A. Rice
John Ross
Susan Solomon

2000s|

2000
John D. Baldeschwieler
Ralph F. Hirschmann
2001
Ernest R. Davidson
Gábor A. Somorjai
2002
John I. Brauman
2004
Stephen J. Lippard
2006
Marvin H. Caruthers
Peter B. Dervan
2007
Mostafa A. El-Sayed
2008
Joanna Fowler
JoAnne Stubbe
2009
Stephen J. Benkovic
Marye Anne Fox

2010s|

2010
Jacqueline K. Barton
Peter J. Stang
2011
Allen J. Bard
M. Frederick Hawthorne
2014
Judith P. Klinman
Jerrold Meinwald
2015
A. Paul Alivisatos
Geraldine L. Richmond

Engineering sciences

| 1960s|

1962
Theodore von Kármán
1963
Vannevar Bush
John Robinson Pierce
1964
Charles S. Draper
1965
Hugh L. Dryden
Clarence L. Johnson
Warren K. Lewis
1966
Claude E. Shannon
1967
Edwin H. Land
Igor I. Sikorsky
1968
J. Presper Eckert
Nathan M. Newmark
1969
Jack St. Clair Kilby

|

1970s|

1970
George E. Mueller
1973
Harold E. Edgerton
Richard T. Whitcomb
1974
Rudolf Kompfner
Ralph Brazelton Peck
Abel Wolman
1975
Manson Benedict
William Hayward Pickering
Frederick E. Terman
Wernher von Braun
1976
Morris Cohen
Peter C. Goldmark
Erwin Wilhelm Müller
1979
Emmett N. Leith
Raymond D. Mindlin
Robert N. Noyce
Earl R. Parker
Simon Ramo

1980s|

1982
Edward H. Heinemann
Donald L. Katz
1983
Bill Hewlett
George Low
John G. Trump
1986
Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
Tung-Yen Lin
Bernard M. Oliver
1987
Robert Byron Bird
H. Bolton Seed
Ernst Weber
1988
Daniel C. Drucker
Willis M. Hawkins
George W. Housner
1989
Harry George Drickamer
Herbert E. Grier

1990s|

1990
Mildred Dresselhaus
Nick Holonyak Jr.
1991
George H. Heilmeier
Luna B. Leopold
H. Guyford Stever
1992
Calvin F. Quate
John Roy Whinnery
1993
Alfred Y. Cho
1994
Ray W. Clough
1995
Hermann A. Haus
1996
James L. Flanagan
C. Kumar N. Patel
1998
Eli Ruckenstein
1999
Kenneth N. Stevens

2000s|

2000
Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
2001
Andreas Acrivos
2002
Leo Beranek
2003
John M. Prausnitz
2004
Edwin N. Lightfoot
2005
Jan D. Achenbach
Tobin J. Marks
2006
Robert S. Langer
2007
David J. Wineland
2008
Rudolf E. Kálmán
2009
Amnon Yariv

2010s|

2010
Shu Chien
2011
John B. Goodenough
2014
Thomas Kailath

Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences

| 1960s|

1963
Norbert Wiener
1964
Solomon Lefschetz
H. Marston Morse
1965
Oscar Zariski
1966
John Milnor
1967
Paul Cohen
1968
Jerzy Neyman
1969
William Feller

|

1970s|

1970
Richard Brauer
1973
John Tukey
1974
Kurt Gödel
1975
John W. Backus
Shiing-Shen Chern
George Dantzig
1976
Kurt Otto Friedrichs
Hassler Whitney
1979
Joseph L. Doob
Donald E. Knuth

1980s|

1982
Marshall Harvey Stone
1983
Herman Goldstine
Isadore Singer
1986
Peter Lax
Antoni Zygmund
1987
Raoul Bott
Michael Freedman
1988
Ralph E. Gomory
Joseph B. Keller
1989
Samuel Karlin
Saunders Mac Lane
Donald C. Spencer

1990s|

1990
George F. Carrier
Stephen Cole Kleene
John McCarthy
1991
Alberto Calderón
1992
Allen Newell
1993
Martin David Kruskal
1994
John Cocke
1995
Louis Nirenberg
1996
Richard Karp
Stephen Smale
1997
Shing-Tung Yau
1998
Cathleen Synge Morawetz
1999
Felix Browder
Ronald R. Coifman

2000s|

2000
John Griggs Thompson
Karen Uhlenbeck
2001
Calyampudi R. Rao
Elias M. Stein
2002
James G. Glimm
2003
Carl R. de Boor
2004
Dennis P. Sullivan
2005
Bradley Efron
2006
Hyman Bass
2007
Leonard Kleinrock
Andrew J. Viterbi
2009
David B. Mumford

2010s|

2010
Richard A. Tapia
S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
2011
Solomon W. Golomb
Barry Mazur
2014
Alexandre Chorin
David Blackwell
2015
Michael Artin

Physical sciences

| 1960s|

1963
Luis W. Alvarez
1964
Julian Schwinger
Harold Clayton Urey
Robert Burns Woodward
1965
John Bardeen
Peter Debye
Leon M. Lederman
William Rubey
1966
Jacob Bjerknes
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Henry Eyring
John H. Van Vleck
Vladimir K. Zworykin
1967
Jesse Beams
Francis Birch
Gregory Breit
Louis Hammett
George Kistiakowsky
1968
Paul Bartlett
Herbert Friedman
Lars Onsager
Eugene Wigner
1969
Herbert C. Brown
Wolfgang Panofsky

|

1970s|

1970
Robert H. Dicke
Allan R. Sandage
John C. Slater
John A. Wheeler
Saul Winstein
1973
Carl Djerassi
Maurice Ewing
Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
Vladimir Haensel
Frederick Seitz
Robert Rathbun Wilson
1974
Nicolaas Bloembergen
Paul Flory
William Alfred Fowler
Linus Carl Pauling
Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
1975
Hans A. Bethe
Joseph O. Hirschfelder
Lewis Sarett
Edgar Bright Wilson
Chien-Shiung Wu
1976
Samuel Goudsmit
Herbert S. Gutowsky
Frederick Rossini
Verner Suomi
Henry Taube
George Uhlenbeck
1979
Richard P. Feynman
Herman Mark
Edward M. Purcell
John Sinfelt
Lyman Spitzer
Victor F. Weisskopf

1980s|

1982
Philip W. Anderson
Yoichiro Nambu
Edward Teller
Charles H. Townes
1983
E. Margaret Burbidge
Maurice Goldhaber
Helmut Landsberg
Walter Munk
Frederick Reines
Bruno B. Rossi
J. Robert Schrieffer
1986
Solomon J. Buchsbaum
H. Richard Crane
Herman Feshbach
Robert Hofstadter
Chen-Ning Yang
1987
Philip Abelson
Walter Elsasser
Paul C. Lauterbur
George Pake
James A. Van Allen
1988
D. Allan Bromley
Paul Ching-Wu Chu
Walter Kohn
Norman F. Ramsey
Jack Steinberger
1989
Arnold O. Beckman
Eugene Parker
Robert Sharp
Henry Stommel

1990s|

1990
Allan M. Cormack
Edwin M. McMillan
Robert Pound
Roger Revelle
1991
Arthur L. Schawlow
Ed Stone
Steven Weinberg
1992
Eugene M. Shoemaker
1993
Val Fitch
Vera Rubin
1994
Albert Overhauser
Frank Press
1995
Hans Dehmelt
Peter Goldreich
1996
Wallace S. Broecker
1997
Marshall Rosenbluth
Martin Schwarzschild
George Wetherill
1998
Don L. Anderson
John N. Bahcall
1999
James Cronin
Leo Kadanoff

2000s|

2000
Willis E. Lamb
Jeremiah P. Ostriker
Gilbert F. White
2001
Marvin L. Cohen
Raymond Davis Jr.
Charles Keeling
2002
Richard Garwin
W. Jason Morgan
Edward Witten
2003
G. Brent Dalrymple
Riccardo Giacconi
2004
Robert N. Clayton
2005
Ralph A. Alpher
Lonnie Thompson
2006
Daniel Kleppner
2007
Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
Charles P. Slichter
2008
Berni Alder
James E. Gunn
2009
Yakir Aharonov
Esther M. Conwell
Warren M. Washington

2010s|

2011
Sidney Drell
Sandra Faber
Sylvester James Gates
2012
Burton Richter
Sean C. Solomon
2014
Shirley Ann Jackson

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack Kilby. Read more

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