John Vane

Sir John Vane

Born|

John Robert Vane

(1927-03-29)29 March 1927

Tardebigge, Worcestershire, England

Died| 19 November 2004(2004-11-19) (aged 77)

Kent, England

Citizenship| United Kingdom
Alma mater|

* University of Birmingham (BSc)
* University of Oxford (DPhil)

Known for| Research on prostaglandins
Spouse(s)|

Elizabeth Daphne Page (m. 1948)

Awards|

* FRS (1974)[1]
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1982)
* Royal Medal (1989)
* Lasker Award (1977)

Scientific career
Fields| Pharmacology
Institutions|

* University of London
* Yale University

Thesis| Blood flow and its relation to secretion in the stomach and smaller intestine (1952)
Doctoral advisor| Geoffrey S. Dawes

Sir John Robert Vane FRS (29 March 1927 – 19 November 2004)[1] was a British pharmacologist who was instrumental in the understanding of how aspirin produces pain-relief and anti-inflammatory effects and his work led to new treatments for heart and blood vessel disease and introduction of ACE inhibitors. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1982 along with Sune Bergström and Bengt Samuelsson for "their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances".[2]

## Contents

* 1 Education and early life
* 2 Career and research
* 2.1 University of London
* 2.2 Wellcome Foundation
* 2.3 Return to academia
* 3 Awards and honours
* 4 Personal life
* 5 See also
* 6 References
* 7 External links

## Education and early life

Born in Tardebigge, Worcestershire, John Vane was one of three children and grew up in suburban Birmingham. His father, Maurice Vane, was the son of Jewish Russian immigrants[3] and his mother, Frances Vane, came from a Worcestershire farming family.[2] He attended a local state school from age 5, before moving on to King Edward's School in Edgbaston, Birmingham. An early interest in chemistry was to prove the inspiration for studying the subject at the University of Birmingham in 1944.

During his undergraduate studies, Vane became disenchanted with chemistry but still enjoyed experimentation. When Maurice Stacey, the Professor of Chemistry at Birmingham, was asked by Harold Burn to recommend a student to go to Oxford and study pharmacology, Vane jumped at the chance and moved to Burn's department in 1946. Under Burn's guidance, Vane found motivation and enthusiasm for pharmacology, writing: "[the] laboratory gradually became the most active and important centre for pharmacological research in the U.K. and the main school for training of young pharmacologists."[2] Vane completed a Bachelor of Science degree in pharmacology and briefly went to work at the University of Sheffield, before coming back to Oxford to complete his Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1953[4] supervised by Geoffrey Dawes.[5]

## Career and research

After completing his DPhil, Vane worked as an assistant professor the Department of Pharmacology at Yale University before moving back to the United Kingdom to take up a post as a senior lecturer in the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences at the University of London in 1955.[6][7]

### University of London

John Vane and Salvador Moncada in the 1960s

Vane held a post at the University of London for 18 years, progressing from senior lecturer to Professor of Experimental Pharmacology in 1966 (at the Royal College of Surgeons). During that time he developed certain bioassay techniques and focussed his research on both angiotensin-converting enzyme and the actions of aspirin, eventually leading to the publication with Priscilla Piper of the relationship between aspirin and the prostaglandins that earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1982.[8][9][10][11]

### Wellcome Foundation

In 1973, Vane left his academic post at the Royal College of Surgeons and took up the position as Director of Research at the Wellcome Foundation, taking a number of his colleagues with him who went on to form the Prostaglandin Research department. Under the leadership of Salvador Moncada, this group continued important research that eventually led to the discovery of prostacyclin.[6]

### Return to academia

In 1985, Vane returned to academic life and founded[12] the William Harvey Research Institute at the Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital (now Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry.[13] At the William Harvey Research Institute, Vane's work focused on selective inhibitors of COX-2, and the interplay between nitric oxide and endothelin in the regulation of vascular function.[6]

## Awards and honours

Vane was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1974.[1] He was also awarded honorary doctorate degrees from Jagiellonian University Medical College (formerly Copernicus Academy of Medicine) in 1977, Paris Descartes University in 1978, Mount Sinai School of Medicine in 1980, the University of Aberdeen in 1983 and Fu Jen Catholic University in 2011.[2][14] He was awarded the Lasker Award in 1977 for the discovery of prostacyclin and was knighted in 1984 for his contributions to science. In 2000, Vane received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.[15]

## Personal life

John Vane married, in 1948, (Elizabeth) Daphne Page and had 2 daughters. He died on 19 November 2004 in Princess Royal University Hospital, Kent, from long-term complications arising from leg and hip fractures he sustained in May of that year.[16] Lady Vane died in 2021.[17]

## See also

* List of Jewish Nobel laureates

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Moncada, S. (2006). "Sir John Robert Vane. 29 March 1927 -- 19 November 2004: Elected FRS 1974". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 52: 401–411. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2006.0027. PMID 18551797. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/sir-john-robert-vane-29-march-1927--19-november-2004(64fc0720-c729-4a9b-92d5-ae432614285b).html.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Miss nobel-id as parameter , accessed 12 October 2020
3. ↑ According to an interview published in Candid Science II, by István Hargittai (Imperial College Press, London, 2002, p. 562).
4. ↑ Vane, John Robert (1952). Blood flow and its relation to secretion in the stomach and smaller intestine (DPhil thesis). University of Oxford.
5. ↑ Liggins, G. (1998). "Geoffrey Sharman Dawes, C. B. E. 21 January 1918-6 May 1996". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 44: 111–125. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1998.0008. PMID 11623979.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Sir John R. Vane FRS, Nobel Laureate (1927–2004)" . William Harvey Research Foundation.
7. ↑ List of publications from Microsoft Academic
8. ↑ Moncada; Ferreira, SH; Vane, JR (1975). "Inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis as the mechanism of analgesia of aspirin-like drugs in the dog knee joint". European Journal of Pharmacology 31 (2): 250–60. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(75)90047-3. PMID 1149792.
9. ↑ Ferreira; Moncada, S; Vane, JR (1973). "Further experiments to establish that the analgesic action of aspirin-like drugs depends on the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis". British Journal of Pharmacology 47 (3): 629P–630P. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08193.x. PMID 4199867.
10. ↑ Ferreira; Moncada, S; Vane, JR (1971). "Indomethacin and aspirin abolish prostaglandin release from the spleen". Nature New Biology 231 (25): 237–9. doi:10.1038/newbio231237a0. PMID 5284362.
11. ↑ Vane (1971). "Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs". Nature New Biology 231 (25): 232–5. doi:10.1038/newbio231232a0. PMID 5284360.
12. ↑ "William Harvey Research Institute". Queen Mary, University of London, UK. http://www.whri.qmul.ac.uk/.
13. ↑ "Queen Mary, University of London Notable Alumni and Staff". http://www.qmul.ac.uk/alumni/alumninetwork/notablealumni/index.html.
14. ↑ 輔仁大學 校史室 >>輔仁歷史軌跡
15. ↑ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". American Academy of Achievement. https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#science-exploration.
16. ↑ Obituary:Sir John Vane. guardian.co.uk. 25 November 2004.
17. ↑ VANE Lady, (Elizabeth) Daphne (née Page)

## External links

* Miss nobel-id as parameter

* v
* t
* e

Laureates of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

1901–1925|

* 1901: Emil Behring
* 1902: Ronald Ross
* 1903: Niels Finsen
* 1904: Ivan Pavlov
* 1905: Robert Koch
* 1906: Camillo Golgi / Santiago Ramón y Cajal
* 1907: Alphonse Laveran
* 1908: Élie Metchnikoff / Paul Ehrlich
* 1909: Emil Kocher
* 1910: Albrecht Kossel
* 1911: Allvar Gullstrand
* 1912: Alexis Carrel
* 1913: Charles Richet
* 1914: Róbert Bárány
* 1915
* 1916
* 1917
* 1918
* 1919: Jules Bordet
* 1920: August Krogh
* 1921
* 1922: Archibald Hill / Otto Meyerhof
* 1923: Frederick Banting / John Macleod
* 1924: Willem Einthoven
* 1925

1926–1950|

* 1926: Johannes Fibiger
* 1927: Julius Wagner-Jauregg
* 1928: Charles Nicolle
* 1929: Christiaan Eijkman / Frederick Gowland Hopkins
* 1930: Karl Landsteiner
* 1931: Otto Warburg
* 1932: Charles Scott Sherrington / Edgar Adrian
* 1933: Thomas Morgan
* 1934: George Whipple / George Minot / William Murphy
* 1935: Hans Spemann
* 1936: Henry Dale / Otto Loewi
* 1937: Albert Szent-Györgyi
* 1938: Corneille Heymans
* 1939: Gerhard Domagk
* 1940
* 1941
* 1942
* 1943: Henrik Dam / Edward Doisy
* 1944: Joseph Erlanger / Herbert Gasser
* 1945: Alexander Fleming / Ernst Chain / Howard Florey
* 1946: Hermann Muller
* 1947: Carl Cori / Gerty Cori / Bernardo Houssay
* 1948: Paul Müller
* 1949: Walter Hess / António Egas Moniz
* 1950: Edward Kendall / Tadeusz Reichstein / Philip Hench

1951–1975|

* 1951: Max Theiler
* 1952: Selman Waksman
* 1953: Hans Krebs / Fritz Lipmann
* 1954: John Enders / Thomas Weller / Frederick Robbins
* 1955: Hugo Theorell
* 1956: André Cournand / Werner Forssmann / Dickinson W. Richards
* 1957: Daniel Bovet
* 1958: George Beadle / Edward Tatum / Joshua Lederberg
* 1959: Severo Ochoa / Arthur Kornberg
* 1960: Frank Burnet / Peter Medawar
* 1961: Georg von Békésy
* 1962: Francis Crick / James Watson / Maurice Wilkins
* 1963: John Eccles / Alan Hodgkin / Andrew Huxley
* 1964: Konrad Bloch / Feodor Lynen
* 1965: François Jacob / André Lwoff / Jacques Monod
* 1966: Francis Rous / Charles B. Huggins
* 1967: Ragnar Granit / Haldan Hartline / George Wald
* 1968: Robert W. Holley / Har Khorana / Marshall Nirenberg
* 1969: Max Delbrück / Alfred Hershey / Salvador Luria
* 1970: Bernard Katz / Ulf von Euler / Julius Axelrod
* 1971: Earl Sutherland Jr.
* 1972: Gerald Edelman / Rodney Porter
* 1973: Karl von Frisch / Konrad Lorenz / Nikolaas Tinbergen
* 1974: Albert Claude / Christian de Duve / George Palade
* 1975: David Baltimore / Renato Dulbecco / Howard Temin

1976–2000|

* 1976: Baruch Blumberg / Daniel Gajdusek
* 1977: Roger Guillemin / Andrew Schally / Rosalyn Yalow
* 1978: Werner Arber / Daniel Nathans / Hamilton O. Smith
* 1979: Allan Cormack / Godfrey Hounsfield
* 1980: Baruj Benacerraf / Jean Dausset / George Snell
* 1981: Roger Sperry / David H. Hubel / Torsten Wiesel
* 1982: Sune Bergström / Bengt I. Samuelsson / John Vane
* 1983: Barbara McClintock
* 1984: Niels Jerne / Georges Köhler / César Milstein
* 1985: Michael Brown / Joseph L. Goldstein
* 1986: Stanley Cohen / Rita Levi-Montalcini
* 1987: Susumu Tonegawa
* 1988: James W. Black / Gertrude B. Elion / George H. Hitchings
* 1989: J. Michael Bishop / Harold E. Varmus
* 1990: Joseph Murray / E. Donnall Thomas
* 1991: Erwin Neher / Bert Sakmann
* 1992: Edmond Fischer / Edwin G. Krebs
* 1993: Richard J. Roberts / Phillip Sharp
* 1994: Alfred G. Gilman / Martin Rodbell
* 1995: Edward B. Lewis / Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard / Eric F. Wieschaus
* 1996: Peter C. Doherty / Rolf M. Zinkernagel
* 1997: Stanley B. Prusiner
* 1998: Robert F. Furchgott / Louis Ignarro / Ferid Murad
* 1999: Günter Blobel
* 2000: Arvid Carlsson / Paul Greengard / Eric Kandel

2001–present|

* 2001: Leland H. Hartwell / Tim Hunt / Paul Nurse
* 2002: Sydney Brenner / H. Robert Horvitz / John E. Sulston
* 2003: Paul Lauterbur / Peter Mansfield
* 2004: Richard Axel / Linda B. Buck
* 2005: Barry Marshall / Robin Warren
* 2006: Andrew Fire / Craig Mello
* 2007: Mario Capecchi / Martin Evans / Oliver Smithies
* 2008: Harald zur Hausen / Luc Montagnier / Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
* 2009: Elizabeth Blackburn / Carol W. Greider / Jack W. Szostak
* 2010: Robert G. Edwards
* 2011: Bruce Beutler / Jules A. Hoffmann / Ralph M. Steinman (posthumously)
* 2012: John Gurdon / Shinya Yamanaka
* 2013: James Rothman / Randy Schekman / Thomas C. Südhof
* 2014: John O'Keefe / May-Britt Moser / Edvard Moser
* 2015: William C. Campbell / Satoshi Ōmura / Tu Youyou
* 2016: Yoshinori Ohsumi
* 2017: Jeffrey C. Hall / Michael Rosbash / Michael W. Young
* 2018: James P. Allison / Tasuku Honjo
* 2019: Gregg L. Semenza / Peter J. Ratcliffe / William Kaelin Jr.

* v
* t
* e

1982 Nobel Prize laureates

Chemistry|

* Aaron Klug (Great Britain)

Literature|

* Gabriel García Márquez (Colombia)

Peace|

* Alva Myrdal (Sweden)
* Alfonso García Robles (Mexico)

Physics|

* Kenneth G. Wilson (United States)

Physiology or Medicine|

* Sune Bergström (Sweden)
* Bengt I. Samuelsson (Sweden)
* John Vane (Great Britain)

Economic Sciences|

* George Stigler (United States)

Nobel Prize recipients
1990

2000

* v
* t
* e

Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1974

Fellows|

* Walter Bodmer
* William Boon
* Kenneth Burton
* John Cairns
* Roy Yorke Calne
* David Roderick Curtis
* John Frank Davidson
* Jack D. Dunitz
* Pehr Victor Edman
* John D. Eshelby
* Jack Halpern
* Stephen Hawking
* Volker Heine
* Robert Hinde
* Albert Edward Litherland
* James Lovelock
* Richard Matthews
* Drummond Matthews
* Peter D. Mitchell
* Samuel Victor Perry
* Norman James Petch
* John R. Philip
* John Polkinghorne
* Charles Rees
* John Rishbeth
* Roger Valentine Short
* John Trevor Stuart
* Robert Henry Stewart Thompson
* John Vane
* Frederick Vine
* Stephen Esslemont Woods
* Pierre Henry John Young

Statute 12|

* Vivian Fuchs

Foreign|

* Renato Dulbecco
* George H. Hitchings
* Giuseppe Occhialini
* Jean-Pierre Serre

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