Mordehai Milgrom

Short description: Israeli physicist (born 1946)

Mordehai Milgrom

Born| 1946

Iași, Romania

Nationality| Israeli
Alma mater| Hebrew University
Weizmann Institute
Known for| Modified Newtonian dynamics
Scientific career
Fields| Astrophysics
Institutions| Weizmann Institute

Mordehai "Moti" Milgrom is an Israeli physicist and professor in the department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics at the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot, Israel.

## Contents

* 1 Biography
* 2 Milgrom and modified Newtonian dynamics
* 2.1 Recent findings
* 3 Personal life
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 Further reading
* 7 External links

## Biography

He received his B.Sc. degree from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1966. Later he studied at the Weizmann Institute of Science and completed his doctorate in 1972. Before 1980 he worked primarily on high-energy astrophysics and became well-known for his kinematical model of the star system SS 433.[1][2] In the academic years 1980–1981 and 1985–1986 he was at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.[3] In 1983, he proposed modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) as an alternative to the dark matter and galaxy rotation curve problems,[4][5][6] although preliminary work and discussions on this subject started as early as 1981.[7]

## Milgrom and modified Newtonian dynamics

Milgrom suggests that Newton's law of universal gravitation should be modified for very small accelerations, typically of the order of 10−11g and less.

### Recent findings

In 2022, a study about an astronomical observation of the tidal tails in five star clusters was published that might provide evidence of MOND.[8] Specifically, there is an uneven distribution of stars that shows no indication that any dark matter was involved in causing it.[9]

## Personal life

Milgrom is married and has three daughters.

## See also

* Cosmic rays
* Gamma-ray burst
* Gamma ray and x-ray sources.

## References

1. ↑ Sanders, R. H. (2014). "A historical perspective on modified Newtonian dynamics". Canadian Journal of Physics 93 (2): 126–138. doi:10.1139/cjp-2014-0206. Bibcode: 2015CaJPh..93..126S. page 5 of arXiv.org preprint
2. ↑ Milgrom, Mordehai (October 1979). "Thomson scattered lines in the spectrum of SS 433 - A powerful tool for studying the system". Astronomy and Astrophysics 78 (3): L17–L20. Bibcode: 1979A&A....78L..17M.
3. ↑ Mordehai, Milgrom, Community of Scholars Profile, IAS
4. ↑ Milgrom, Mordehai (July 1983). "A modification of the Newtonian dynamics as a possible alternative to the hidden mass hypothesis.". Astrophysical Journal 270: 365-370. Bibcode: 1983ApJ...270..365M.
5. ↑ Milgrom, Mordehai (July 1983). "A modification of the Newtonian dynamics - Implications for galaxies.". Astrophysical Journal 270: 371-383. Bibcode: 1983ApJ...270..371M.
6. ↑ Milgrom, Mordehai (July 1983). "A modification of the newtonian dynamics : implications for galaxy systems.". Astrophysical Journal 270: 384-389. Bibcode: 1983ApJ...270..384M.
7. ↑ Sanders, RH (February 2015). "A modification of the newtonian dynamics : implications for galaxy systems.". Canadian Journal of Physics 93 (3): 126-138. Bibcode: 2015CaJPh..93..126S.
8. ↑ Metcalfe, Tom (21 November 2022). "Lopsided star cluster may disprove Newton and Einstein, controversial new study claims" (in en). https://www.livescience.com/star-cluster-mond-disprove-newton.
9. ↑ Kroupa, Pavel; Jerabkova, Tereza; Thies, Ingo; Pflamm-Altenburg, Jan; Famaey, Benoit; Boffin, Henri M J; Dabringhausen, Jörg; Beccari, Giacomo et al. (26 October 2022). "Asymmetrical tidal tails of open star clusters: stars crossing their cluster's práh† challenge Newtonian gravitation". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 517 (3): 3613–3639. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2563. https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/517/3/3613/6773470. Retrieved 23 November 2022.

## Further reading

* Milgrom, Mordehai (Aug 2002), "Does Dark Matter Really Exist?", Scientific American: 42–50, 52, https://web.archive.org/web/20040919035917/https://www.astro.umd.edu/~ssm/mond/sad0802Milg6p.pdf
* Schilling, Govert (April 2007), "Battlefield Galactica: Dark Matter vs. MOND", Sky & Telescope: 30–36, http://burro.case.edu/Academics/USNA229/battlefieldMOND.pdf
* Zhiping Li, Ran Li. (30 April 2014). "The relativistic astrodynamics of spiral tracks, localized equivalence principle and the dark matter problem of our Milky Way galaxy". Sciencepaper Online. http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/201404-447.

## External links

* MOND - A Pedagogical Review - M. Milgrom, 2001
* M. Milgrom @ Astrophysics Data System

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