Pief Panofsky

Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky

Born| (1919-04-24)April 24, 1919

Berlin, Germany

Died| September 24, 2007(2007-09-24) (aged 88)

Los Altos, California, U.S.

Citizenship| Germany
United States
Education| Princeton University (AB)
California Institute of Technology (PhD)
Known for| director of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Spouse(s)| Adèle Irène DuMond (1923-2024; m. 1942)
5 children: Richard Jacob, Margaret Anne, Edward Frank, Carol Eleanor, Steven Thomas[1]
Awards|

* Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award (1961)
* National Medal of Science (1969)
* Franklin Medal (1970)
* Enrico Fermi Award (1979)
* Leo Szilard Award (1982)

Scientific career
Fields| Physics
Institutions| University of California, Berkeley, Stanford
Doctoral advisor| Jesse DuMond[2]
Doctoral students| Cyrus Levinthal

Wolfgang Kurt Hermann "Pief" Panofsky (April 24, 1919 - September 24, 2007), was a German-American physicist who won many awards including the National Medal of Science.

## Contents

* 1 Early life
* 2 Academic career
* 3 Personal life
* 4 Awards and honors
* 5 Death
* 6 Publications
* 7 References
* 8 External links
* 9 See also

## Early life

Panofsky was born in Berlin, Germany to a family of art historians Dorothea and Erwin Panofsky. His ancestors were of Jewish descent. He spent much of his early life in Hamburg, where his father was a professor of art history. From the age of 10, he attended the Johanneum, where he received a classical education involving Latin and Ancient Greek, but little science.[3] At the age of 15, he moved with his family to the United States and entered Princeton University.[4] He graduated with an A.B. in physics from Princeton University, as salutatorian of his class,[3] in 1938 after completing a senior thesis, titled "The construction of a high pressure ionisation chamber", under the supervision of Walker Bleakney.[5] He then received his Ph.D. in physics from the California Institute of Technology in 1942 after completing a doctoral dissertation, titled "A measurement of the value of h/e by the determination of the short wavelength limit of the continuous x-ray spectrum at 20 kV", under the supervision of Jesse W. M. DuMond.[6][1] In April 1942 he was naturalized as a U.S. citizen.[7]

## Academic career

Panofsky (left) being awarded the E.O. Lawrence Award in 1961

From 1945 to 1951, Panofsky held an assistant and then associate professorship at the University of California, Berkeley, before permanently establishing himself as professor of physics at Stanford University. Between 1961 and 1984, he was the director of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center and continued to serve as director emeritus until his death.[8] He was also on the board of directors of the Arms Control Association from 1996 until 1999. Panofsky was a member of the board of sponsors of The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists[9] and won the Matteucci Medal in 1996 for his fundamental contributions to physics. He was also a recipient of the National Medal of Science, the Franklin Medal (1970), the Ernest O. Lawrence Medal, the Leo Szilard Award and the Enrico Fermi Award.[1]

## Personal life

During his college days, Panofsky was called "Pief" by fellow students who found his full name unpronounceable. The childhood nickname seemed to suit the ebullient physicist, and it stayed with him throughout his long life.[10] His elder brother, Hans A. Panofsky, was "an atmospheric scientist who taught at Pennsylvania State University for 30 years and who was credited with several advances in the study of meteorology".[11]

Panofsky married Adèle Irène DuMond, daughter of his PhD advisor, in 1942.[12] Adèle Panofsky was also known at SLAC for her role in the building of the mounted Paleoparadoxia fossil skeleton display at the SLAC Visitors Center.[13]

## Awards and honors

Panofsky has received the following rewards and honors:[1]

* Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award (1961)
* California Institute of Technology Alumni Distinguished Service Award (1966)
* California Scientist of the Year Award (1967)
* Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1968)[14]
* National Medal of Science (1969)
* Franklin Medal (1970)
* Elected to the National Academy of Sciences (1971)[15]
* Annual Public Service Award, Federation of American Scientists (1973)
* Enrico Fermi Award (1979)
* Leo Szilard Award (1982)
* Shoong Foundation Hall of Fame in Science (1983)
* Elected to the American Philosophical Society (1985)[16]
* Hilliard Roderick Prize (AAAS-1991)
* Honorary doctorates from the Faculty of Mathematics and Science at Uppsala University, Sweden,[17] from Princeton University,[12] and from the University of Hamburg (1984)[18]
* Matteucei Medal (Rome, 1997)
* International Scientific and Technological Award from the People's Republic of China (2001)
* Honorary Senator at the University of Hamburg (July 6th, 2006)[19]

## Death

Panofsky died at the age of 88 on September 24, 2007, in Los Altos, California, from a heart attack. Panofsky stayed active at SLAC until his last day of life.[20] He was survived by his wife of 65 years, Adele Panofsky, their five children, 11 grandchildren and 3 great-grandchildren.[12]

## Publications

* Classical Electricity and Magnetism by Wolfgang Panofsky and Melba Phillips (1955, 1962, 1983, 1990)

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Director's Office - W.K.H. Panofsky, Director Emeritus". SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA. 2014. http://www-group.slac.stanford.edu/do/people/pief.html#personal.
2. ↑ "A Measurement of the Value of Planck's Constant / Electron Charge by the Determination of the Short Wavelength Limit of the Continuous X-Ray Spectrum at 20-KV - INSPIRE-HEP". https://inspirehep.net/record/44198?ln=en.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lüth, Vera G. (October 2013). "Wolfgang K.H. Panofsky: Scientist and Arms-Control Expert". Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 63: 1–20. doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-102711-095043. Bibcode: 2013ARNPS..63....1L.
4. ↑ "A Brief Biography of Wolfgang K.H. Panofsky". SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. 22 September 2016. http://www2.slac.stanford.edu/panofsky_fellow/career.html.
5. ↑ The construction of a high pressure ionisation chamber. 1938. https://catalog.princeton.edu/catalog/3779602.
6. ↑ Panofsky, Wolfgang Kurt Hermann (1942). A measurement of the value of h/E by the determination of the short wavelength limit of the continuous x-ray spectrum at 20kV (phd). California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/WDB8-0591.
7. ↑ Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky, Particles and Policy, American Institute of Physics, 1994. ISBN 1-56396-247-0
8. ↑ "Archives and History Office: W. K. H. "Pief" Panofsky". https://www.slac.stanford.edu/history/bios/panofsky_pief.shtml.
9. ↑ The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Board of Sponsors page (last accessed August 12, 2007).
10. ↑ Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky, "Panofsky on Physics, Politics and Peace: Pief Remembers", Contributing Editor Jean Marie Deken, Springer, 2007. ISBN 978-0-387-69731-4
11. ↑ "Hans A. Panofsky, 70, Scientist". New York Times. March 11, 1988. https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/11/obituaries/hans-a-panofsky-70-scientist.html.
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Sidney D. Drell and George H. Trilling, Wolfgang Kurt Hermann Panofsky A Biographical Memoir
13. ↑ Current Techniques in Fossil Skeleton Mounting by Adele I. Panofsky, SLAC-TN-73-7, August 1973.
14. ↑ "Lawrence Bogorad" (in en). https://www.amacad.org/person/lawrence-bogorad.
15. ↑ "Lawrence Bogorad". http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/57576.html.
16. ↑ "APS Member History". https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Lawrence+Bogorad&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced.
17. ↑ "Honorary doctorates - Uppsala University, Sweden". 9 June 2023. http://www.uu.se/en/about-uu/traditions/prizes/honorary-doctorates/.
18. ↑ Wagner, Albrecht (2007). "Laudatio". Hamburger Universitätsreden. Neue Folge 24: 19.
19. ↑ Wagner, Albrecht (2007-04-10), "Laudatio", Hamburger Universitätsreden, Neue Folge (Hamburg University Press, publishing house of the Hamburg State and University Library), ISBN 978-3-937816-41-8, https://doi.org/10.15460/hup.251.1906, retrieved 2025-07-14
20. ↑ Wolfgang Panofsky, Renowned Stanford Physicist and Arms Control Advocate, Dead at 88 September 25, 2007

## External links

* Michael Schaaf und Hartwig Spitzer: Immediately after the explosion I fell asleep (PDF; 513 kB), Interview mit Wolfgang Panofsky, Arbeitsgruppe Naturwissenschaft und Internationale Sicherheit in der Universität Hamburg, 6. Juli 2006
* Obituary in The New York Times
* Obituary in The Times, 2 October 2007
* W.K.H. Panofsky's SLAC web page
* SLAC Archives and History Office Panofsky web page
* July 2006 Interview with Dr. Panofsky (PDF)
* Peace talk: My life negotiating science and policy by W. K. H. Panofsky (PDF)
* Oral history interview with Wolfgang K.H. Panofsky by Charles Weiner 15 May 1973 and 1974 March 6 and June 3, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
* Oral history interview with Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky by Elizabeth Paris on 1996 July 11, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
* Oral history interview with Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky by Harvey Lynch on 1997 April 11 and May 2, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
* Oral history interview with Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky by Elizabeth Paris and Jean Deken on 2004 April 7,8,9, and May 3, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
* SLAC Director's Office
* Pief Panofsky -- Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences
* THE KELVIN ABSOLUTE VOLTMETER and the speed of light, a physics laboratory course experiment whose apparatus was designed by Panofsky
* A measurement of the value of h/e by the determination of the short wavelength limit of the continuous x-ray spectrum at 20kV

## See also

* Panofsky Prize
* Michael Schaaf und Hartwig Spitzer: Immediately after the explosion I fell asleep (PDF; 513 kB), Interview mit Wolfgang Panofsky, Arbeitsgruppe Naturwissenschaft und Internationale Sicherheit in der Universität Hamburg, 6. Juli 2006
* Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky, Panofsky on Physics, Politics, and Peace: Pief Remembers (New York: Springer, 2007)
* Guide to Wolfgang Kurt Hermann Panofsky Papers, 1932-2008 Collection, SLAC003, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University.
* Oral history interview with MaryBeth Beerbohm on 2020 April 27, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives -- MaryBeth Beerbohm was Panofsky's longtime secretary at SLAC.

Preceded by
none |  SLAC Director
1961 - 1984  | Succeeded by
Burton Richter

|
|

* v
* t
* e

Presidents of the American Physical Society

1899–1925|

* Henry Augustus Rowland (1899)
* Albert A. Michelson (1901)
* Arthur Gordon Webster (1903)
* Carl Barus (1905)
* Edward Leamington Nichols (1907)
* Henry Crew (1909)
* William Francis Magie (1911)
* Benjamin Osgood Peirce (1913)
* Ernest Merritt (1914)
* Robert Andrews Millikan (1916)
* Henry Andrews Bumstead (1918)
* Joseph Sweetman Ames (1919)
* Theodore Lyman (1921)
* Thomas Corwin Mendenhall (1923)
* Dayton Miller (1925)

1926–1950|

* Karl Taylor Compton (1927)
* Henry Gale (1929)
* William Francis Gray Swann (1931)
* Paul D. Foote (1933)
* Arthur Compton (1934)
* Robert W. Wood (1935)
* Floyd K. Richtmyer (1936)
* Harrison M. Randall (1937)
* Lyman James Briggs (1938)
* John Torrence Tate, Sr. (1939)
* John Zeleny (1940)
* George Braxton Pegram (1941)
* G. Stewart (1941)
* Percy Williams Bridgman (1942)
* Albert Hull (1943)
* Arthur Jeffrey Dempster (1944)
* Harvey Fletcher (1945)
* Edward Condon (1946)
* Lee Alvin DuBridge (1947)
* J. Robert Oppenheimer (1948)
* Francis Wheeler Loomis (1949)
* Isidor Isaac Rabi (1950)

1951–1975|

* Charles Christian Lauritsen (1951)
* John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (1952)
* Enrico Fermi (1953)
* H. Bethe (1954)
* Raymond Thayer Birge (1955)
* E. Wigner (1956)
* Henry DeWolf Smyth (1957)
* Jesse Beams (1958)
* George Eugene Uhlenbeck (1959)
* Victor Frederick Weisskopf (1960)
* Frederick Seitz (1961)
* William V. Houston (1962)
* John Harry Williams (1963)
* Robert Bacher (1964)
* Felix Bloch (1965)
* John Archibald Wheeler (1966)
* Charles H. Townes (1967)
* John Bardeen (1968)
* Luis Walter Alvarez (1969)
* Edward Mills Purcell (1970)
* Robert Serber (1971)
* Philip M. Morse (1972)
* Joseph Edward Mayer (1973)
* Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky (1974)
* Chien-Shiung Wu (1975)

1976–2000|

* William A. Fowler (1976)
* George Pake (1977)
* Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr. (1978)
* Lewis M. Branscomb (1979)
* Herman Feshbach (1980)
* Arthur Leonard Schawlow (1981)
* Maurice Goldhaber (1982)
* Robert Marshak (1983)
* Mildred Dresselhaus (1984)
* Robert R. Wilson (1985)
* Sidney Drell (1986)
* Val Logsdon Fitch (1987)
* James A. Krumhansl (1989)
* Eugen Merzbacher (1990)
* Nicolaas Bloembergen (1991)
* Ernest M. Henley (1992)
* Donald N. Langenberg (1993)
* Burton Richter (1994)
* C. Kumar Patel (1995)
* J.R. Schrieffer (1996)
* D. Allan Bromley (1997)
* Andrew Sessler (1998)
* Jerome I. Friedman (1999)
* James S. Langer (2000)

2001–future|

* George Trilling (2001)
* William Brinkman (2002)
* Myriam Sarachik (2003)
* Helen Quinn (2004)
* Marvin Cohen (2005)
* John Hopfield (2006)
* Leo Kadanoff (2007)
* Arthur Bienenstock (2008)
* Cherry A. Murray (2009)
* Curtis Callan (2010)
* Barry Barish (2011)
* Robert L. Byer (2012)
* Michael Turner (2013)
* Malcolm R. Beasley (2014)
* Sam Aronson (2015)
* Homer Neal (2016)
* Laura Greene (2017)
* Roger Falcone (2018)
* David Gross (2019)
* Philip H. Bucksbaum (2020)

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