Rama in Sikhism

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Shri

Rāmā avatāra
ਰਾਮਾ ਅਵਤਾਰ
Rama

Pronunciation| ˈraːmɐ (help·info)
Era| Treta Yuga
Predecessor| Parashurama[1]
Successor| Krishna[2]

Rama Avatar,[note 1] or Raja Ram had an important place in Sikhism.[3] Rama is mentioned as one among the 24 incarnations of Vishnu in the Chaubis Avtar, a composition in Dasam Granth traditionally and historically attributed to Guru Gobind Singh. The discussion of Rama and Krishna avatars is the most extensive in this section of the secondary Sikh scripture.[4][5] The important sources for depiction of Rama can be found in the Sikh holy book, Dasam Granth and is described as the 9th Avatar of Lord Vishnu.({{{1}}}, {{{2}}}) Though there have been many claims that the Ram in Sikhism is not related to the Rama described in the Ramayana.[6] In Gurbani there is difference between Ram Chander (King of Ayodhya) and Ram (all prevailing God). Guru Nanak in Asa Ki Vaar says that there are many Rams and Krishnas with many stories.

## Contents

* 1 Sources
* 2 Story
* 3 See also
* 4 Notes
* 5 Sources
* 5.1 Citations
* 5.2 References
* 6 External links

## Sources

The word Rama (ˈraːmɐ) has been described in the Guru Granth Sahib more than zh 2,500 times

.[7] Hinduism is a pre-historic religion,[8] while Sikhism was founded in the 15th century by Guru Nanak. In Sikhism, Guru Nanak has described and explained many facts regarding Hinduism and gave the concept of Ik Onkar, which is quite similar to that of Om.[9][10] There have been a depiction of Rama as a character for inner peace and inspiration in Sikhism.[11]

In Dasam Granth's Chapter-13, there is a topic of Rama Avatar regarding the Rama.[note 2][12]

## Story

Following is the outline of Rama story from the Sikh narratives:[13]

zh Rama was a pre-historic figure from Ramayana, who belonged to the Ikshvaku dynasty of Ayodhya. Rama was a brilliant, brave and efficient warrior. He had 3 brothers, Lakshmana, Bharata and Shatrughna. He married Sita from whom he had 2 sons, Lava and Kusha who were born in the Ashram of Valmiki. Rama was the 7th Avatar of Lord Vishnu.

## See also

Note: This topic belongs to "Hinduism" portal

* Hinduism and Sikhism
* Rama in Jainism

## Notes

1. ↑ Lord Rama is described as Ram Avatar in Dasam Granth by 10th Sikh guru, Guru Gobind Singh. (Singh (Guru) 2005)
2. ↑ Beesvan Ram Avtar Kathan or Ram Avtar is a composition in the second sacred Granth of Sikhs i.e Dasam Granth, which was written by Guru Gobind Singh, at Anandpur Sahib. Guru Gobind Singh was not a worshiper of Sri Rama, as after describing the whole Avtar he cleared this fact that ਰਾਮ ਰਹੀਮ ਪ੝ਰਾਨ ਕ੝ਰਾਨ ਅਨੇਕ ਕਹੈਂ ਮਤਿ ਝਕ ਨ ਮਾਨਿਯੋ ॥. Ram Avtar is based on Ramayana, but a Sikh studies the spiritual aspects of this whole composition.

## Sources

### Citations

1. ↑ Guru Nanak Foundation 2002, p. 21.
2. ↑ Vasvani 2007, pp. 12-14
3. ↑ Swami, p. 9.
4. ↑ Rinehart, Robin (2011-02-02) (in en). Debating the Dasam Granth. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-984247-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=qe6WnpbT2BkC.
5. ↑ Jakobsh 2010, p. 47-48.
6. ↑ Doniger, Wendy; Merriam-Webster, Inc (1999). Merriam-Webster's encyclopedia of world religions ; Wendy Doniger, consulting editor. Internet Archive. Springfield, Mass. : Merriam-Webster. pp. 503. ISBN 978-0-87779-044-0. http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780877790440.
7. ↑ Judge & Kaur 2010, p. 219.
8. ↑ Vasvani 2007, p. 139.
9. ↑ McLeod, William H. (2014). "Sikhism: History and Doctrine". Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sikhism#ref253152. "Sikhs claim that their tradition has always been separate from Hinduism. But Sikhism too believed in Ram and other avatars of Vishnu and Lord Shiva as recited by the tenth Guru Gobind Singh in the granth. In Sikhism Ram means to that almighty god who is one, who has no shape, no colour, no size. In Guru Granth Sahib Several names are used such as Ram, Raheem, Alah, khuda, Mohan, Krishan and other Hindu-Muslim God and Goddess. Guru Nanak Dev ji teaches that God is one, he can be in the form of Alah, Ram, Mohan and Waheguru. Nevertheless, many Western scholars argue that in its earliest stage Sikhism was a movement within the Hindu tradition; Nanak, they point out, was raised a Hindu and eventually belonged to the Sant tradition of northern India, a movement associated with the great poet and mystic Kabir (1440–1518). The Sants, most of whom were poor, dispossessed, and illiterate, composed hymns of great beauty expressing their experience of the divine, which they saw in all things. Their tradition drew heavily on Vaishnava bhakti (the devotional movement within the Hindu tradition that worships the god Vishnu), though there were important differences between the two. Like the followers of bhakti, the Sants believed that devotion to God is essential to liberation from the cycle of rebirth in which all human beings are trapped; unlike the followers of bhakti, however, the Sants maintained that God is nirgun (“without form”) and not sagun (“with form”). For the Sants, God can be neither incarnated nor represented in concrete terms."
10. ↑ "Sikh world history". BBC. 30 September 2009. http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/history/history_1.shtml. "Sikhism was born in the Punjab area of South Asia, which now falls into the present day states of India and Pakistan . The main religions of the area at the time were Hinduism and Islam. The Sikh faith began around 1500 CE, when Guru Nanak began teaching a faith that was quite distinct from Hinduism and Islam. Nine Gurus followed Nanak and developed the Sikh faith and community over the next centuries."
11. ↑ Syan 2014, pp. 28-31.
12. ↑ Singh (Guru) 2005, p. chapter: xiii.
13. ↑ Swami, pp. fontcover.

### References

* Singh (Guru), Gobind (2005) (in en). The Dasam Granth. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. ISBN 978-81-215-1044-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=wpTXAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Nihang+sikhs+and+shri+ram&q=Nihang+sikhs+and+shri+ram&hl=en.
* ਜਪਜੀ. University of Michigan, United States: Himalayan Institute of Yoga. 2013. pp. 8-87. ISBN 9-780-893-89107-7. https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Japji/YRAeAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Rama in Sikhism.
* Singh, Khushwant (1981). A history of the Sikhs. 1. 1469 - 1839. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. pp. 28-143. ISBN 9-780-195-67308-1. https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/_/MD9uAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiXlK3xgZfvAhXT4zgGHVYTAcYQ8fIDMAt6BAgVEAo.
* Mehta, Ved (1996). Rajiv Gandhi and Rama's Kingdom. New Haven, Connecticut, United States: Yale University Press. pp. 28-124. ISBN 9-780-300-06858-0. https://books.google.com/books/about/Rajiv_Gandhi_and_Rama_s_Kingdom.html?id=IUNGAgAAQBAJ&source=kp_book_description.
* Jakobsh, Doris R. (2010). Sikhism and Women. Oxford, United States: Oxford University Press. pp. 40-47. ISBN 9-780-198-06002-4. https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Sikhism_and_Women/NBJPAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0.
* Guru Nanak Foundation (2002). Studies in Sikhism and Comparative Religion: Volume 21. University of Michigan, United States: Guru Nanak Foundation. pp. 16-25.
* Vasvani, JP (2007). Dashavatara. Jaicko Publishing House. ISBN 9-789-386-86718-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=eSNADwAAQBAJ&q=Matsya&pg=PT13.
* Syan, Hardip Singh (2014-09-18). "The merchant gurus: Sikhism and the development of the medieval Khatri merchant family:" (in en). The Indian Economic & Social History Review. doi:10.1177/0019464614536016. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0019464614536016.
* Judge, Paramjit S.; Kaur, Manjit (2010). "The Politics of Sikh Identity: Understanding Religious Exclusion". Sociological Bulletin 59 (3): 345–366. ISSN 0038-0229. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23620888.
* Kaura, Beanta (1999) (in en). The Namdhari Sikhs. Namdhari Sikhs Historical Museum. https://books.google.com/books?id=65DXAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Nihang+sikhs+and+shri+ram&q=Nihang+sikhs+and+shri+ram&hl=en.

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* Rama: Sikh encyclopedia
* Raja Rama in Sikhism

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