Exfoliatin

Short description: Exotoxin

Exfoliatin is a Staphylococcus aureus exotoxin[1] that causes a blistering of the skin known as staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, usually in infants.[2]

Exfoliatins are glutamate-specific serine proteases highly specific to desmoglein I, a cadherin (adhesion protein) in the desmosomes of the stratum granulosum that facilitates intercellular adhesion between keratinocytes. The resulting vesicle is an intraepidermal cleft located above the basal cells (suprabasal), between the stratum corneum and stratum spinosum. Desmoglein-1 is similarly involved in Pemphigus foliaceus, an auto-immune skin condition. A very similar non-infectious condition is seen in the autoimmune skin disorder pemphigus vulgaris in which there is an IgG antibody against the cadherin desmoglein 3.

## See also

* Exfoliation (disambiguation)
* Staphylococcus aureus — Exfoliative toxins

## References

1. ↑ Exfoliatins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
2. ↑ "exfoliatin" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

* v
* t
* e

* Toxins
* enterotoxin
* neurotoxin
* hemotoxin
* cardiotoxin
* phototoxin

Bacterial
toxins|

| Exotoxin|

| Gram
positive|

| Bacilli|

| Clostridium:|

* tetani
* Tetanospasmin
* Tetanolysin
* perfringens
* Alpha toxin
* Enterotoxin
* difficile
* A
* B
* botulinum
* Botox

|

other:|

* Anthrax toxin
* Listeriolysin O

Cocci|

* Streptolysin
* Leukocidin
* Panton-Valentine leukocidin

Staphylococcus|

* Staphylococcus aureus alpha/beta/delta
* Exfoliatin
* Toxic shock syndrome toxin
* Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB)

Actinomycetota|

* Cord factor
* Diphtheria toxin

Gram
negative|

* Shiga toxin/Verotoxin
* E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin
* Cholera toxin/Heat-labile enterotoxin
* Pertussis toxin
* Pseudomonas exotoxin
* Extracellular adenylate cyclase

Mechanisms|

* type I
* Superantigen
* type II
* Pore-forming toxin
* type III
* AB toxin/AB5

Endotoxin|

* Lipopolysaccharide
* Lipid A
* Bacillus thuringiensis delta endotoxin
* Cry1Ac
* Cry3Bb1
* Other B. thuringiensis toxins
* Cry6Aa
* Cry34Ab1

Virulence
factor|

* Clumping factor A
* Fibronectin binding protein A

Mycotoxins|

* Aflatoxin
* Amatoxin (alpha-amanitin, beta-amanitin, gamma-amanitin, epsilon-amanitin)
* beta-Nitropropionic acid
* Citrinin
* Cytochalasin
* Ergotamine
* Fumonisin (Fumonisin B1, Fumonisin B2, Fumonisin B3, Fumonisin B4)
* Gliotoxin
* Ibotenic acid
* Lolitrem B
* Muscimol
* Ochratoxin
* Patulin
* Phalloidin
* Sterigmatocystin
* Trichothecene
* Vomitoxin
* Zeranol
* Zearalenone

Plant toxins|

* Amygdalin
* Anisatin
* Antiarin
* Brucine
* Chaconine
* Cicutoxin
* Daphnin
* Delphinine
* Divicine
* Djenkolic acid
* Falcarinol
* Gossypol
* Helenalin
* Ledol
* Linamarin
* Lotaustralin
* Mimosine
* Oenanthotoxin
* Oleandrin
* Persin
* Protoanemonin
* Pseudaconitine
* Retronecine
* Resiniferatoxin
* Scopolamine
* Solamargine
* Solanidine
* Solanine
* Solasodamine
* Solasodine
* Solasonine
* Solauricidine
* Solauricine
* Strychnine
* Swainsonine
* Tagetitoxin
* Tinyatoxin
* Tomatine
* Toxalbumin
* Abrin
* Ricin
* Tutin

Invertebrate
toxins|

| Scorpion:|

* Androctonus australis hector insect toxin
* Charybdotoxin
* Maurotoxin
* Agitoxin
* Margatoxin
* Slotoxin
* Scyllatoxin
* Hefutoxin
* HgeTx1
* HsTx1
* Lq2
* Birtoxin
* Bestoxin
* BmKAEP
* Phaiodotoxin
* Imperatoxin
* Pi3

|

spider:|

* Latrotoxin
* Alpha-latrotoxin
* CSTX
* Cupiennins
* PhTx3
* Stromatoxin
* Vanillotoxin
* Huwentoxin

Mollusca:|

* Conotoxin
* Eledoisin
* Onchidal
* Saxitoxin
* Tetrodotoxin

Vertebrate
toxins|

| Fish:|

* Ciguatera
* Tetrodotoxin

|

Amphibian:|

* (+)-Allopumiliotoxin 267A
* Batrachotoxin
* Bufotoxins
* Arenobufagin
* Bufotalin
* Bufotenin
* Cinobufagin
* Marinobufagin
* Epibatidine
* Histrionicotoxin
* Pumiliotoxin 251D
* Samandarin
* Samandaridine
* Tarichatoxin
* Zetekitoxin AB

Reptile/
Snake venom:|

* Bungarotoxin
* Alpha-Bungarotoxin
* Beta-Bungarotoxin
* Calciseptine
* Taicatoxin
* Calcicludine
* Cardiotoxin III

* note: some toxins are produced by lower species and pass through intermediate species

* Category

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