Fritillaria liliacea

Short description: Species of flowering plant

Fragrant fritillary

Conservation status

Imperiled (NatureServe)[1]

Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Plantae
Clade:  | Tracheophytes
Clade:  | Angiosperms
Clade:  | Monocots
Order:  | Liliales
Family:  | Liliaceae
Subfamily:  | Lilioideae
Tribe:  | Lilieae
Genus:  | Fritillaria
Species:  |

F. liliacea

Binomial name
Fritillaria liliacea

Lindl.

Synonyms[2]

* Fritillaria alba Kellogg 1855, illegitimate homonym not Nutt. 1818
* Liliorhiza lanceolata Kellogg

Fritillaria liliacea, the fragrant fritillary, is a threatened bulbous herbaceous perennial plant in the lily family Liliaceae. It is native to the region surrounding San Francisco Bay in California , USA.[3][4][5]

## Contents

* 1 Description
* 2 Distribution
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Description

The bell-shaped white flowers have greenish stripes and are set on a nodding pedicel of about 37 centimeters in height. The blooms are odorless to faintly fragrant.[6] Fritillia liliacea prefers heavy soils including clays; for example, andesitic and basaltic soils derived from the Sonoma Volcanic soil layers are suitable substrate for this species.[7]

## Distribution

The range of this wildflower is over parts of southwestern Northern California, United States, especially Solano and Sonoma counties and at coastal locations south to Monterey County; occurrence is typically in open hilly grasslands at altitudes less than 200 meters in elevation.[4][8]

This California endemic has been a candidate for listing as a U.S. federally endangered species, and some of the remaining fragmented colonies are at risk of local extinction, such that the species is considered locally endangered. Example occurrences are: Edgewood Park in San Mateo County and the Sonoma Mountains foothills in Sonoma County. Examples of highly fragmented or extirpated colonies are in San Francisco due to urban development.[9]

## See also

* Sonoma County, California

## References

1. ↑ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.135411.
2. ↑ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
3. ↑ Flora of North America, Vol. 26 Page 169, Fragrant fritillary, Fritillaria liliacea Lindley
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Biota of North America Program, 2014 county distribution map, Fritillaria liliacea Lindley
5. ↑ Calflora taxon report, Fritillaria liliacea Lindley, fragrant fritillary
6. ↑ Flora of North America: dichotomous key to Fritillia species of North America
7. ↑ C.Michael Hogan, John Torrey, Brian McElroy et al., Environmental Impact Report, Southeast Santa Rosa Annexation 2-88, Earth Metrics Inc., Report 7941, California State Clearinghouse, Sacramento, Ca., March 1990
8. ↑ Jepson Manual, University of California Press (1993)
9. ↑ California Native Plant Society, Rare Plant Program. 2015. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants, Fritillaria liliacea

## External links

* Photograph of Fritillaria liliacea, University of California @ Davis Botany club
* USDA Plant profile for Fritillaria liliacea
* Fritillariaicones.com" Fritillaria Icones Laurence Hill
* Scottish Rock Garden Club, Bulb Log 29 (2006) — photos of bulbs of this and several other species.

Wikidata ☰ Q5504785 entry

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