Lacrima (fungus)

Short description: Genus of lichen-forming fungi

Lacrima

Lacrima epiphora
Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Fungi
Division:  | Ascomycota
Class:  | Lecanoromycetes
Order:  | Teloschistales
Family:  | Teloschistaceae
Genus:  | Lacrima
Bungartz, Arup & Søchting (2020)
Type species
Lacrima epiphora

(Taylor) Bungartz, Søchting & Arup (2020)

Species

L. aphanotripta
L. epiphora
L. galapagoensis
L. sonorae

Lacrima is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae.[1] It has four saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose species.[2]

## Contents

* 1 Taxonomy
* 2 Description
* 3 Distribution
* 4 Species
* 5 References

## Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed by lichenologists Frank Bungartz, Ulf Arup, and Ulrik Søchting in 2020. They introduced this genus to accommodate a new species and three new combinations based on morphological, anatomical, chemical, and molecular data. They assigned Lacrima epiphora as the type species. This species was originally described by Thomas Taylor in 1847 with the binomial Lecanora epiphora.[3] The genus name, Lacrima, is inspired by the unique tear-shaped isidia found in certain species. These cylindrical structures are slightly tapered at their base.[4]

## Description

The thallus of Lacrima is saxicolous (growing on rocks) and crustose in nature, manifesting in growth patterns ranging from rimose to areolate. In some cases, the thallus may be underdeveloped or may have isidia, structures which in certain species of this genus have a distinct 'tear'-shaped appearance. The apothecia can be categorised as lecanorine to zeorine, with the asci being clavate and resembling the Teloschistes-type, typically bearing eight spores. The ascospores of this genus are polaribilocular, characterised by a wide septum.[4]

Species of Lacrima contain chlorinated anthraquinones. Fragilin is the primary chemical found especially in the apothecia and, in some species, within the thallus as well.[4]

## Distribution

At the time of its original publication, species of Lacrima have been discovered in the Neotropics, encompassing regions of Central America and the Galápagos Islands. Additionally, its presence has been recorded in North America, specifically within the Sonoran Desert Region.[4]

## Species

* Lacrima aphanotripta (Nyl.) Bungartz, Søchting & Arup (2020) – Mexico through Central America (Caribbean) into South America (Brazil, Galápagos)
* Lacrima epiphora (Taylor) Bungartz, Søchting & Arup (2020) – neotropical regions of North, Central and South America
* Lacrima galapagoensis Bungartz & Søchting (2020) – Galápagos
* Lacrima sonorae (Wetmore) Søchting, Arup & Bungartz (2020) – North America

## References

1. ↑ "Lacrima". Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/9XDWZ.
2. ↑ Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K. et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere 13 (1): 53–453 [157]. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358798332.
3. ↑ Taylor, T. (1847). "New lichens, principally from the Herbarium of Sir William J. Hooker". London Journal of Botany 6: 148–197.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Bungartz, Frank; Søchting, Ulrik; Arup, Ulf (2020). "Teloschistaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) from the Galapagos Islands: a phylogenetic revision based on morphological, anatomical, chemical, and molecular data". Plant and Fungal Systematics 65 (2): 515–576. doi:10.35535/pfsyst-2020-0030.

Wikidata ☰ Q121840692 entry

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