Lesser kiskadee

Short description: Species of bird

Lesser kiskadee

Philohydor lictor panamense
Chagres River, Panama

Conservation status

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]

Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Class:  | Aves
Order:  | Passeriformes
Family:  | Tyrannidae
Genus:  | Philohydor
Lanyon, W, 1984
Species:  |

P. lictor

Binomial name
Philohydor lictor

(Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823)

Synonyms

* Pitangus lictor

The lesser kiskadee (Philohydor lictor) is a species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is the only species in the genus Philohydor. It is found in Brazil , Bermuda, Bolivia, Argentina , Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad, Guatemala, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist shrubland and swamps.

The lesser kiskadee was described by the German naturalist and explorer Hinrich Lichtenstein in 1823 and given the binomial name Lanius lictor.[2] The present genus Philohydor was introduced by the American ornithologist Wesley Edwin Lanyon in 1984.[3] The word Philohydor is from Ancient Greek philos for "-loving" and hudōr, "water". The specific epithet lictor is the Latin word for a magistrate's bodyguard who carried out sentences.[4] It is sometimes placed in the genus Pitangus with the great kiskadee.[5]

There are two subspecies:[6]

* P. l. panamensis (Bangs & Penard, TE, 1918) – east Panama and north Colombia
* P. l. lictor (Lichtenstein, MHK, 1823) – east Colombia through the Guianas south to Bolivia, east and central Brazil

The lesser kiskadee is 15–18 cm (5.9–7.1 in) in length and weighs around 25 g (0.88 oz). It lives in eastern Panama and throughout the northern parts of South America, usually near water.[7]

## References

1. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Philohydor lictor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22700599A93787064. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22700599A93787064.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22700599/93787064. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
2. ↑ Lichtenstein, Hinrich (1823) (in de). Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Königl. Berlin: T. Trautwein. p. 49. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28229297.
3. ↑ Lanyon, Wesley Edwin (1984). A phylogeny of the kingbirds and their allies. American Museum Novitates, Number 2797. New York: American Museum of Natural History. p. 23. http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/5271.
4. ↑ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 226, 303. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4. https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling.
5. ↑ The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. 2014. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-9568611-2-2.
6. ↑ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds (2017). "Tyrant flycatchers". World Bird List Version 7.3. International Ornithologists' Union. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/flycatchers/.
7. ↑ Mobley, J. (2018). "Lesser Kiskadee (Philohydor lictor)". in del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. et al.. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. https://www.hbw.com/node/57462.

## Further reading

* Dyrcz, Andrzej (2000). "Observations at nests of the Lesser Kiskadee (Philohydor lictor) on Barro Colo Rado Island (Republic of Panama)". Ornitologia Neotropical 11: 359–362. https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/on/v011n04/p0359-p0362.pdf.
* Lopes, L.E (2007). "On the range of the Lesser Kiskadee Philohydor lictor (Tyrannidae) in central-eastern Brazil". Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 15 (3): 433–435. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237641911.

## External links

* "Lesser Kiskadee media". Internet Bird Collection. http://www.hbw.com/ibc/species/lesser-kiskadee-philohydor-lictor.
* Photo(bird on nest, forest), & Article Birds of Ecuador gallery at chandra.as.utexas.edu (photo)
* Lesser Kiskadee photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)

Wikidata ☰ Q27075179 entry

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