List of crocodilians

Short description: Species in reptile order Crocodilia

Three extant crocodilian species clockwise from top-left: saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), and gharial (Gavialis gangeticus)

Crocodilia is an order of mostly large, predatory, semiaquatic reptiles, which includes true crocodiles, the alligators and caimans, and the gharial and false gharial. A member of this order is called a crocodilian, or colloquially a crocodile.

The 9 genera and 28 species of Crocodilia are split into 3 subfamilies: Alligatoridae, alligators and caimans; Crocodylidae, true crocodiles; and Gavialidae, the gharial and false gharial.

## Contents

* 1 Conventions
* 2 Classification
* 3 Crocodilians
* 3.1 Family Alligatoridae
* 3.2 Family Crocodylidae
* 3.3 Family Gavialidae
* 4 References

## Conventions

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the crocodilian's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN red list for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "". Population figures are rounded to the nearest hundred.

## Classification

The order Crocodilia consists of 28 extant species belonging to 9 genera. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Modern molecular studies indicate that the 9 genera can be grouped into 3 families.

Family Alligatoridae (Alligators and caimans)

* Genus Alligator: two species
* Genus Caiman: three species
* Genus Melanosuchus: one species
* Genus Paleosuchus: two species

Family Crocodylidae (True crocodiles)

* Genus Crocodylus: fourteen species
* Genus Mecistops: two species
* Genus Osteolaemus: two species

Family Gavialidae (Gharial and false gharial)

* Genus Gavialis: one species
* Genus Tomistoma: one species

## Crocodilians

### Family Alligatoridae

The extant Alligatoridae can be recognised by the broad snout, in which the fourth tooth of the lower jaw cannot be seen when the mouth is closed.[1]

Genus Alligator – Cuvier, 1807 – two species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

American alligator

| A. mississippiensis
Daudin, 1801 | Southeastern United States
| Size: up to 450 kg (990 lb)

Habitat: Wetlands (inland), intertidal marine, and coastal marine[2]

Diet: [2] |  LC

750,000–1,060,000 [2]

Chinese alligator

| A. sinensis
Fauvel, 1879 | Eastern China
| Size: up to 45 kg (99 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands[3]

Diet: [3] |  CR

50–100 [3]

Genus Caiman – Spix, 1825 – three species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

Spectacled caiman

| C. crocodilus
Linnaeus, 1758 | Northern South America and Central America
| Size: up to 45 kg (99 lb)

Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands[4]

Diet: [4] |  LC

1,000,000 [4]

Broad-snouted caiman

| C. latirostris
Daudin, 1802 | Southeastern South America
| Size: up to 50 kg (110 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands and intertidal marine[5]

Diet: [5] |  LC

500,000 [5]

Yacare caiman

| C. yacare
Daudin, 1802 | Central and southern South America
| Size: up to 60 kg (130 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands[6]

Diet: [6] |  LC

2,000,000–5,000,000 [6]

Genus Melanosuchus – Gray, 1862 – one species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

Black caiman

| M. niger
Spix, 1825 | Northern South America
| Size: up to 500 kg (1,100 lb)

Habitat: [7]

Diet: [7] |  LC

Roughly 1,000,000 [7]

Genus Paleosuchus – Gray, 1862 – two species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

Cuvier's dwarf caiman

| P. palpebrosus
Cuvier, 1807 | Northern and central South America
| Size: typically 6–7 kg (13–15 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands[8]

Diet: [8] |  LC

Unknown [8]

Smooth-fronted caiman

| P. trigonatus
Schneider, 1801 | Northern South America
| Size: typically 9–20 kg (20–44 lb)

Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands[9]

Diet: [9] |  LC

Unknown [9]

### Family Crocodylidae

The extant Crocodylidae have a variety of snout shapes, but can be recognised because the fourth tooth of the lower jaw is visible when the mouth is closed.[1]

Genus Crocodylus – Laurenti, 1768 – fourteen species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

American crocodile

| C. acutus
Cuvier, 1807 | Northern South America, Central America, Greater Antilles
| Size: up to 500 kg (1,100 lb)

Habitat: Forest, neritic marine, intertidal marine, and coastal marine[10]

Diet: [10] |  VU

Unknown [10]

Hall's New Guinea crocodile

| C. halli
Murray, Russo, Zorrilla, McMahan,  | New Guinea  | Size: up to 3.5 m (11 ft) for males and 2.7 m (8.9 ft) for females

Habitat: Swamps, rivers, and lakes

Diet:  |  NE

50,000–100,000

Orinoco crocodile

| C. intermedius
Graves, 1819 | Northern South America
| Size: up to 635 kg (1,400 lb)

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and inland wetlands[11]

Diet: [11] |  CR

90–250 [11]

Freshwater crocodile

| C. johnstoni
Krefft, 1873 | Northern Australia
| Size: up to 100 kg (220 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands[12]

Diet: [12] |  LC

Unknown [12]

Philippine crocodile

| C. mindorensis
Schmidt, 1935 | Philippines
| Size: up to 90 kg (200 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands[13]

Diet: [13] |  CR

50–150 [13]

Morelet's crocodile

| C. moreletii
Duméril, 1851 | Eastern Mexico
| Size: up to 150 kg (330 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands[14]

Diet: [14] |  LC

79,000–100,000 [14]

Nile crocodile

| C. niloticus
Laurenti, 1768 | Sub-Saharan Africa
| Size: up to 750 kg (1,650 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands, neritic marine, intertidal marine, and coastal marine[15]

Diet: [15] |  LC

50,000–70,000 [15]

New Guinea crocodile

| C. novaeguineae
Schmidt, 1928 | New Guinea
| Size: up to 200 kg (440 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands[16]

Diet: [16] |  LC

100,000 [16]

Mugger crocodile

| C. palustris
Lesson, 1831 | Southern Asia
| Size: up to 400 kg (880 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands and neritic marine[17]

Diet: [17] |  VU

5,700–8,700 [17]

Saltwater crocodile

| C. porosus
Schneider, 1801 | South and Southeast Asia, northern Australia and Oceania
| Size: up to 1,000 kg (2,200 lb)

Habitat: [18]

Diet: [18] |  LC

Unknown [18]

Borneo crocodile

| C. raninus
Müller, 1844 | Borneo  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  NE

Unknown

Cuban crocodile

| C. rhombifer
Cuvier, 1807 | Cuba
| Size: up to 215 kg (474 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands[19]

Diet: [19] |  CR

3,000–5000 [19]

Siamese crocodile

| C. siamensis
Schneider, 1801 | Southeast Asia
| Size: up to 120 kg (260 lb)

Habitat: Inland wetlands[20]

Diet: [20] |  CR

500–1,000 [20]

West African crocodile

| C. suchus
Geoffroy, 1807 | Western and central Africa  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  NE

Unknown

Genus Mecistops – Gray, 1844 – two species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

West African slender-snouted crocodile

| M. cataphractus
F. Cuvier, 1825 | Western Africa  | Size: up to 325 kg (717 lb)

Habitat: Forest, savanna, inland wetlands, neritic marine, and coastal marine[21]

Diet: [21] |  CR

1,000–20,000 [21]

Central African slender-snouted crocodile

| M. leptorhynchus
Bennett, 1835 | Central Africa  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  NE

Unknown

Genus Osteolaemus – Cope, 1861 – two species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

Osborn's dwarf crocodile

| O. osborni
Schmidt, 1919 | Congo Basin  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  NE

Unknown

Dwarf crocodile

| O. tetraspis
Cope, 1861 | Western Africa
| Size:

Habitat: [22]

Diet: [22] |  VU

Unknown [22]

### Family Gavialidae

Gavialidae can be recognised by the long narrow snout, with an enlarged boss at the tip.[1]

Genus Gavialis – Oppel, 1811 – one species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

Gharial

| G. gangeticus
Gmelin, 1789 | Scattered south Asia
| Size: up to 680 kg (1,500 lb)

Habitat: Wetlands (inland)[23]

Diet: [23] |  CR

300–900 [23]

Genus Tomistoma – Müller, 1846 – one species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

False gharial

| T. schlegelii
Müller, 1838 | Southeast Asia
| Size: up to 270 kg (600 lb)

Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands[24]

Diet: [24] |  VU

2,500–10,000 [24]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lang, J. W. (2002). "Crocodilians". in Halliday, T.. The Firefly Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. Firefly Books. pp. 212–221. ISBN 978-1-55297-613-5. https://archive.org/details/fireflyencyclope0000unse_p6l7/page/212.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Elsey, R.; Woodward, A.; Balaguera-Reina, S. A. (2019). "Alligator mississippiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T46583A3009637. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T46583A3009637.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46583/3009637.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Jiang, H.; Wu, X. (2018). "Alligator sinensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T867A3146005. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T867A3146005.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/867/3146005.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Balaguera-Reina, S. A.; Velasco, A. (2019). "Caiman crocodilus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T46584A3009688. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T46584A3009688.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46584/3009688.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Siroski, P.; Bassetti, L. A. B.; Piña, C.; Larriera, A. (2020). "Caiman latirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T46585A3009813. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T46585A3009813.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46585/3009813.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Campos, Z.; Llobet, A.; Magnusson, W. E.; Piña, C. (2020). "Caiman yacare". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T46586A3009881. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T46586A3009881.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46586/3009881.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Ross, J. P. (2000). "Melanosuchus niger". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2000: e.T13053A3407604. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2000.RLTS.T13053A3407604.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13053/3407604.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Magnusson, W. E.; Campos, Z.; Muniz, F. (2019). "Paleosuchus palpebrosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T46587A3009946. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T46587A3009946.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46587/3009946.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Campos, Z.; Magnusson, W. E.; Muniz, F. (2019). "Paleosuchus trigonatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T46588A3010035. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T46588A3010035.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46588/3010035.
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Ponce-Campos, P.; Thorbjarnarson, J.; Velasco, A. (IUCN SSC Crocodile Specialist Group). (2012). "Crocodylus acutus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T5659A3043244. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T5659A3043244.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5659/3043244.
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Balaguera-Reina, S. A.; Espinosa-Blanco, A.; Antelo, R.; Morales-Betancourt, M.; Seijas, A. (2018). "Crocodylus intermedius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T5661A181089024. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T5661A181089024.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5661/181089024.
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Isberg, S.; Balaguera-Reina, S. A.; Ross, J. P. (2017). "Crocodylus johnstoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T46589A3010118. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T46589A3010118.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46589/3010118.
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 van Weerd, M.; C. Pomaro, C.; de Leon, J.; Antolin, R.; Mercado, V. (2016). "Crocodylus mindorensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T5672A3048281. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T5672A3048281.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5672/3048281.
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Cedeño-Vázquez, J. R.; Platt, S. G.; Thorbjarnarson, J. (IUCN Crocodile Specialist Group). (2012). "Crocodylus moreletii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T5663A3045579. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T5663A3045579.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5663/3045579.
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Isberg, S.; Combrink, X.; Lippai, C.; Balaguera-Reina, S. A. (2019). "Crocodylus niloticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T45433088A3010181. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T45433088A3010181.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/45433088/3010181.
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Solmu, G.; Manolis, C. (2019). "Crocodylus novaeguineae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T46591A3010398. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T46591A3010398.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46591/3010398.
17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Choudhury, B. C.; de Silva, A. (2013). "Crocodylus palustris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T5667A3046723. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-2.RLTS.T5667A3046723.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5667/3046723.
18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Crocodile Specialist Group (1996). "Crocodylus porosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996: e.T5668A11503588. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T5668A11503588.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5668/11503588.
19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Targarona, R. R.; Soberón, R. R.; Cotayo, L.; Tabet, M. A.; Thorbjarnarson, J. (2008). "Crocodylus rhombifer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008: e.T5670A11516438. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T5670A11516438.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5670/11516438. |date= / |doi= mismatch
20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Bezuijen, M.; Simpson, B.; Behler, N.; Daltry, J.; Tempsiripong, Y. (2012). "Crocodylus siamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T5671A3048087. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T5671A3048087.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5671/3048087.
21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 Shirley, M. H. (2014). "Mecistops cataphractus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T5660A3044332. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T5660A3044332.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/5660/3044332.
22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Crocodile Specialist Group (1996). "Osteolaemus tetraspis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996: e.T15635A4931429. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T15635A4931429.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15635/4931429.
23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Lang, J; Chowfin, S.; Ross, J. P. (2019). "Gavialis gangeticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T8966A149227430. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T8966A149227430.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8966/149227430.
24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Bezuijen, M. R.; Shwedick, B.; Simpson, B. K.; Staniewicz, A.; Stuebing, R. (2014). "Tomistoma schlegelii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T21981A2780499. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T21981A2780499.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21981/2780499.

0.00

(0 votes)

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Biology:List_of_crocodilians&oldid=4190037"