List of immune cells

This is a list of Immune cells, also known as white blood cells, white cells, leukocytes, or leucocytes. They are cells involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.[1]

Image  | Name  | Subtype  | Class  | Alternate Names  | Diametere (μm) | Main targets  | References

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| Neutrophil | Granulocyte  | Neutrophil |

* Neutrocytes
* Heterophils
* Polymorphonuclear leukocytes

| 12-15  |

* Bacteria
* Fungi

| [2][3][4]
| Eosinophil | Granulocyte  | Eosinophil |

* Eosinophiles
* Acidophils

| 12-15  |

* Larger Parasites
* Modulate allergic inflammatory responses

| [2][3]
| Basophil | Granulocyte  | Basophil |

* Basophilic granulocyte

| 12-15  |

* Release histamine for inflammatory responses

| [2][3][5]
| Mast Cell | Granulocyte  | Mast Cell |

* Mastocyte
* Labrocyte
* Mastocytus

| 8-20  |

* Release histamine for inflammatory responses

| [6][7]
| Macrophage | Monocyte | Macrophage |

* Macrophagocytus
* Mφ
* MΦ
* MP

| 20-21  |

* Bacteria
* Viruses
* Fungi
* Cancer Cells
* Cellular debris

| [8][9]
| Histiocyte | Monocyte | Macrophage |

* Tissue macrophage
* Macrophagocytus immobilis

| 20-21  |

* Spent neutrophils
* General macrophage targets

| [10][8]
| Kupffer Cell | Monocyte | Macrophage |

* Stellate macrophages
* Kupffer–Browicz cells
* Liver macrophage
* Macrophagocytus stellatus

| 20-21  |

* Foreign debris
* General macrophage targets

| [11][8]
| Alveolar Macrophage | Monocyte | Marcophage |

* Pulmonary macrophage
* Dust cell

| 20-21  |

* Carbon debris from lungs
* General macrophage targets

| [8]
| Dendritic Cell | Monocyte | Dendritic Cell |

* DC
* Cellula dendritiformis

| 10-15  |

* Process antigen material and present to the T cell
* Messengers between innate and adaptive immune system

| [12][13]
| B Cell | Lymphocyte | B Cell |

* B lymphocyte
* Lymphocytus B

| 8-10  |

* Produces antibody molecules

| [14][4]
| Plasma Cell | Lymphocyte | B Cell |

* Plasma B cells
* Effector B cells
* Plasmocytus

| 8-10  |

* Active B cells that produces large amounts of antibodies

| [4][15]
| Memory B Cell | Lymphocyte | B Cell |

* MBC

| 8-10  |

* Memorizes the characteristics of the antigens
* Triggers an accelerated and robust secondary immune response

| [4][16]
| T Cell | Lymphocyte | T Cell |

* T lymphocyte
* Lymphocytus T

| 8-10  |

* Virus-infected cells
* Cancer cells
* Recruits and communicates with other types of immune cells

| [4][17]
| Memory T Cell | Lymphocyte | T Cell |

* MTC

| 8-10  |

* Memorizes the characteristics of the antigens
* Triggers an accelerated and robust secondary immune response

| [4][18]
| T Helper Cell | Lymphocye | T Cell |

* Th cells
* CD4+ cells
* CD4-positive cells

| 8-10  |

* Aids the activity of other immune cells by releasing cytokines

| [4][19]
| Natural Killer T Cell | Lymphocyte | T Cell |

* NKT

| 6-7  |

* Produces large amounts of immunomodulatory cytokines
* Allergens
* Cancer cells
* Pathogens

| [20][21]
| Innate Lymphoid Cell | Lymphocyte | Innate Lymphoid Cell |

* ILC

| ~6  |

* Secretes signalling molecules
* Regulates immune cells

| [22][23]
| Natural Killer Cell | Lymphocyte | Innate Lymphoid Cell |

* NK cell
* Large granular lymphocytes
* LGL

| 6-7  |

* Virus infected cells
* Intracellular pathogens
* Cancer cells

| [21][24]

## References

1. ↑ "Leukocyte" (in en). National Cancer Institute. U.S. National Institutes of Health. 2011-02-02. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/leukocyte.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Functional histology. Internet Archive. Churchill Livingstone. 1980. ISBN 978-0-443-01657-8. http://archive.org/details/functionalhistol00whea_0.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Table 22-1, Blood Cells" (in en). Molecular Biology of the Cell (4th ed.). Garland Science. 2002. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26884/. Retrieved 2023-08-27.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 "Introduction to T and B lymphocytes" (in en). Autoimmunity: From Bench to Bedside [Internet]. El Rosario University Press. 2013-07-18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26919/table/A4143/. Retrieved 2023-08-27.
5. ↑ "Basophil" (in en). Wiktionary, the free dictionary. 2023-08-11. https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=basophil&oldid=75614193.
6. ↑ "Heterogeneity of human mast cells". Journal of Immunology 131 (4): 1936–1941. October 1983. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.131.4.1936. PMID 6194221.
7. ↑ "Mast Cell: A Multi-Functional Master Cell". Frontiers in Immunology 6: 620. 2016. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00620. PMID 26779180.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 "Cell size of alveolar macrophages: an interspecies comparison". Environmental Health Perspectives 105 (Suppl 5): 1261–1263. September 1997. doi:10.2307/3433544. PMID 9400735.
9. ↑ "NIX-mediated mitophagy regulate metabolic reprogramming in phagocytic cells during mycobacterial infection". Tuberculosis 126: 102046. January 2021. doi:10.1016/j.tube.2020.102046. PMID 33421909.
10. ↑ "Histiocytes and histiocytosis". Blood 84 (9): 2840–53. November 1994. doi:10.1182/blood.V84.9.2840.2840. PMID 7524755.
11. ↑ "Histology, Kupffer Cell". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2023. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493226/. Retrieved 2023-08-25.
12. ↑ "Cell diameter and total protein of mature den - Mammals - BNID 113239" (in en). https://bionumbers.hms.harvard.edu/bionumber.aspx?s=n&v=2&id=113239#:~:text=3502 right column bottom paragraph: "Mature dendritic cells have diameters,different dendritic cell subtypes (Fig..
13. ↑ "Revisiting hematopoiesis: applications of the bulk and single-cell transcriptomics dissecting transcriptional heterogeneity in hematopoietic stem cells". Briefings in Functional Genomics 21 (3): 159–176. May 2022. doi:10.1093/bfgp/elac002. PMID 35265979.
14. ↑ "B Cells and Antibodies" (in en). Molecular Biology of the Cell (4th ed.). Garland Science. 2002. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26884/. Retrieved 2023-08-27.
15. ↑ "Plasma cell | Description & Antibody Production | Britannica" (in en). https://www.britannica.com/science/plasma-cell.
16. ↑ "Human memory B cells". Leukemia 30 (12): 2283–2292. December 2016. doi:10.1038/leu.2016.226. PMID 27499139.
17. ↑ "Helper T Cells and Lymphocyte Activation" (in en). Molecular Biology of the Cell (4th ed.). Garland Science. 2002. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26827/. Retrieved 2023-08-27.
18. ↑ Chemokines: Critical Regulators of Memory T Cell Development, Maintenance, and Function. Advances in Immunology. 138. 2018. pp. 71–98. doi:10.1016/bs.ai.2018.02.002. ISBN 9780128151884.
19. ↑ "Chromosome contacts in activated T cells identify autoimmune disease candidate genes". Genome Biology 18 (1): 165. September 2017. doi:10.1186/s13059-017-1285-0. PMID 28870212.
20. ↑ "Natural killer T cells in health and disease". Frontiers in Bioscience 3 (1): 236–251. January 2011. doi:10.2741/S148. PMID 21196373.
21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 "Analysis of sphingosine kinase activity in single natural killer cells from peripheral blood". Integrative Biology 7 (4): 392–401. April 2015. doi:10.1039/c5ib00007f. PMID 25786072.
22. ↑ "Innate lymphoid cells: emerging insights in development, lineage relationships, and function". Annual Review of Immunology 30 (1): 647–675. 2012-04-23. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075053. PMID 22224763.
23. ↑ "Serum free culture for the expansion and study of type 2 innate lymphoid cells". Scientific Reports 11 (1): 12233. June 2021. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-91500-z. PMID 34112824. Bibcode: 2021NatSR..1112233D.
24. ↑ "Innate or adaptive immunity? The example of natural killer cells". Science 331 (6013): 44–49. January 2011. doi:10.1126/science.1198687. PMID 21212348. Bibcode: 2011Sci...331...44V.

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