Motty

Short description: Individual hybrid elephant

Motty

Breed| (African elephant-Asian elephant hybrid)
Sex| Male
Born| (1978-07-11)11 July 1978
Chester Zoo, Cheshire, England
Died| 21 July 1978 (aged 10 days)
Chester Zoo, Cheshire, England
Parent(s)| Jumbolino (father)
Sheba (mother)
Named after| George Mottershead

Motty (11 July – 21 July 1978) was the only proven hybrid between an Asian and an African elephant. The male calf was born in Chester Zoo, to Asian mother Sheba and African father Jumbolino.[1] He was named after George Mottershead, who founded the Chester Zoo in 1931.

## Contents

* 1 Appearance
* 2 Cause of death
* 3 Preservation
* 4 Other hybrids
* 5 See also
* 6 References
* 7 External links

## Appearance

Motty's head and ears were morphologically like Loxodonta (African), while the toenail numbers, with five on the front feet and four on the hind were that of Elephas (Asian). The trunk had a single trunk finger as seen in Elephas but the trunk length was more similar to Loxodonta. His vertebral column showed an Loxodonta profile above the shoulders transitioning to the convex hump profile of Elephas below the shoulders.[2]

## Cause of death

Due to being born six weeks early, Motty was considered underweight by 27 kg (60 lb). Despite intensive human care, Motty died of an umbilical infection[3] 10 days after his birth on 21 July. The necropsy revealed death to be due to necrotizing enterocolitis and E. coli septicaemia present in both his colon and the umbilical cord.[2]

## Preservation

His body was preserved by a private company, and is a mounted specimen at the Natural History Museum in London.[4]

## Other hybrids

The straight-tusked elephant, an extinct elephant whose closest extant relative is the African forest elephant, interbred with the Asian elephant, as recovered DNA has shown.[5]

Afro-Asian Elephant hybrid

Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Class:  | Mammalia
Order:  | Proboscidea
Family:  | Elephantidae
Subfamily:  | Elephantinae
Hybrid:  | Loxodonta africana♂ × Elephas maximus♀

Although the Asian elephant Elephas maximus and the African elephant Loxodonta africana belong to different genera, they share the same number of chromosomes, thus making hybridisation possible.[citation needed]

## See also

* List of individual elephants

## References

1. ↑ "Motty, an asian elephant x african bush elephant (cross-breed) at Chester Zoo". https://www.elephant.se/database2.php?elephant_id=1593. Retrieved 18 January 2019.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Rees, P. A. (2021). Elephants Under Human Care: The Behaviour, Ecology, and Welfare of Elephants in Captivity.. London: Academic Press. p. 167. ISBN 978-0-12816208-8.
3. ↑ "Motty the elephant crossbreed". https://www.elephant.se/Motty_the_elephant_crossbreed.php. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
4. ↑ Yang, H.; Golenberg, E. M.; Shoshani, J. (1997). "Proboscidean DNA from museum and fossil specimens: an assessment of ancient DNA extraction and amplification techniques". Biochemical Genetics 35 (5): 165–179. doi:10.1023/A:1021902125382. PMID 9332711.
5. ↑ Callaway, E. (2016-09-16). "Elephant history rewritten by ancient genomes". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2016.20622.

## External links

* Koehl D, Elephant Encyclopedia: Motty, the Hybrid Elephant

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