Themisto libellula

Short description: Species of crustacean

Themisto libellula

Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Arthropoda
Class:  | Malacostraca
Superorder:  | Peracarida
Order:  | Amphipoda
Suborder:  | Hyperiidea
Family:  | Hyperiidae
Genus:  | Themisto
Species:  |

T. libellula

Binomial name
Themisto libellula

(Lichtenstein in Mandt, 1822)

Synonyms[1]

Euthemisto libellula
(Mandt)
Parathemisto libellula
(Lichtenstein, 1822)

Themisto libellula is a marine amphipod of the family Hyperiidae. The species lives for 2 to 3 years, and grows up to 60 millimetres (2.4 in) over its lifetime.[2][3] They are found in large quantities in Arctic water.[4]

In the summer, they eat more lipids to store as fuel for the winter.[3] During the mid-winter, they eat copepods, such as Calanus finmarchicus.[5] T. libellula is eaten by cod, polar cod, and mammals at the ice edge.[4] In the early 2000s, the population of the species began to decrease; these effects rippled through the food chain.[4] The levels later rose in cool years, and T. libellula have moved south of the Arctic Circle.[3] They have been observed in "mass mortalities", where millions of T. libellula wash up dead on the coast.[6][7]

## References

1. ↑ Cuvelier, Daphne; Gasca, Rebeca (2013). "Themisto libellula (Lichtenstein in Mandt, 1822)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=156452.
2. ↑ Koszteyn, J.; Timofeev, S.; Węsławski, J. M.; Malinga, B. (1995). "Size structure of Themisto abyssorum Boeck and Themisto libellula (Mandt) populations in European Arctic seas". Polar Biology 15 (2): 85–92. doi:10.1007/BF00241046.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Pinchuk, Alexei I.; Coyle, Kenneth O.; Farley, Edward V.; Renner, Heather M. (May 19, 2013). "Emergence of the Arctic Themisto libellula (Amphipoda: Hyperiidae) on the southeastern Bering Sea shelf as a result of the recent cooling, and its potential impact on the pelagic food web". ICES Journal of Marine Science 70 (6): 1244–1254. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fst031.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Johannesen, E.; Ingvaldsen, R. B.; Bogstad, B.; Dalpadado, P.; Eriksen, E.; Gjosaeter, H.; Knutsen, T.; Skern-Mauritzen, M. et al. (2012). "Changes in Barents Sea ecosystem state, 1970–2009: climate fluctuations, human impact, and trophic interactions". ICES Journal of Marine Science 69 (5): 880–889. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fss046.
5. ↑ Kraft, Angelina; Berge, Jørgen; Varpe, Øystein; Falk-Petersen, Stig (January 2013). "Feeding in Arctic darkness: mid-winter diet of the pelagic amphipods Themisto abyssorum and T. libellula". Marine Biology 160 (1): 241–248. doi:10.1007/s00227-012-2065-8.
6. ↑ Mosher, Alyssa (August 1, 2016). "'Dead Sea': Millions of themisto plankton rotting ashore in Paulatuk, N.W.T.". CBC/Radio-Canada. http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/themisto-libellula-dead-paulatuk-july-2016-1.3701320. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
7. ↑ Eiane, Ketil; Daase, Malin (May 2002). "Observations of mass mortality of Themisto libellula (Amphipoda, Hyperidae)". Polar Biology 25 (5): 396–398. doi:10.1007/s00300-002-0361-3.

Wikidata ☰ Q4483655 entry

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