Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic group

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The various ethnolinguistic groups found in the Caucasus, Central Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North Africa and/or South Asia demonstrate differing rates of particular Y-DNA haplogroups.

In the table below, the first two columns identify ethnolinguistic groups. Subsequent columns represent the sample size (n) of the study or studies cited, and the percentage of each haplogroup found in that particular sample.

(Data from studies conducted before 2004 may be inaccurate or a broad estimate, due to obsolete haplogroup naming systems – e.g. the former Haplogroup 2 included members of the relatively unrelated haplogroups known later as Haplogroup G and macrohaplogroup IJ [which comprises haplogroups I and J].)

Population  | Language family[1] | n[2] | R1b[3] | n | R1a  | n | I  | n | E1b1b  | n | E1b1a  | n | J | n | G  | n | N  | n | T  | n | L  | n | H

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Albanians  | IE (Albanian)  |  |  |  |  | 106 | 23.6
25/106[4] | 44 | 25
11/44[5] |  |  | 56 | 23.30
13/56[5]

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Albanians  | IE (Albanian)  | 51 | 23.6[6][7] | 51 | 9.8
5/51[6][7] | 51 | 9.6[6][7] | 51 | 26.6[6][7] |  |  | 51 | 23.53
12/51[6][7] | 51 | 1.96
1/51[6][7] | 51 | 0.0[6] | 51 | 0.0[6] | 51 | 0.0[6] |  |
Kosovo Albanians (Pristina)  | IE (Albanian)  | 114 | 21.10
24/114[7] | 114 | 4.42
5/114[7] | 114 | 7.96
9/114[7] | 114 | 47.40
54/114[7] |  |  | 114 | 16.70
19/114[7] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Albanians (Tirana)  | IE (Albanian)  | 30 | 18.3[8] | 30 | 8.3[8] | 30 | 11.7[8] | 30 | 28.3[8] | 30 | 0.0[8] | 30 | 20.0
6/30[8] | 30 | 3.3
1/30[8] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Albanians  | IE (Albanian)  | 55 | 18.2
10/55[9] | 55 | 9.1
5/55[9] | 55 | 21.7
12/55[9] | 55 | 25.4
14/55[9] | 55 | 0.0[9] | 55 | 23.5
13/55[9] | 55 | 1.8
1/55[9] | 55 | 0.0[9] | 55 | 0.0[9] | 55 | 0.0[9] |  |
Albanians (North Macedonia)  | IE (Albanian)  | 64 | 18.8
12/64[9] | 64 | 1.6
1/64[9] | 64 | 17.3
11/64[9] | 64 | 39.1
25/64[9] | 64 | 0.0[9] | 64 | 22
14/64[9] | 64 | 1.6
1/64[9] | 64 | 0.0[9] | 64 | 0.0[9] | 64 | 0.0[9] |  |
Albanians + Albanians (North Macedonia)  | IE (Albanian)  | 55+

119 | 18.5
22/119[9] | 55+

119 | 5.05
6/119[9] | 55+

119 | 19.33
23/119[9] | 55+

119 | 32.8
39/119[9] |  | 0.0[9] | 55+

119 | 22.7
27/119[9] | 55+

119 | 1.7
2/119[9] |  | 0.0[9] |  | 0.0[9] |  | 0.0[9] |  |
Abazinians  | Northwest Caucasian  | 14 | 0[10] | 14 | 14[10] | 14 | 0[10] | 14 | 0[10] | 14 | 0[10] | 14 | 7[10][11] | 14 | 29[10] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Abkhaz  | Northwest Caucasian  | 12 | 8[10] | 12 | 33.0[10] | 12 | 33.3[10] | 12 | 0[10] | 12 | 0[10] | 12 | 25[10][11] | 12 | 0[10] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Altaians  | Turkic, Siberia  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 142 | 9.2[12] |  |  |  |  |  |
Altaians (Northern)  | Turkic, Siberian  | 50 | 6.0[13] | 50 | 38.0 | 50 | 0.0 | 50 | 0.0 |  |  | 50 | 2.0 | 50 | 0.0 | 50 | 10.0 |  |  |  |  |  |
Altaians (Southern)  | Turkic, Siberia  | 96 | 1.0[13] | 96 | 53.1 | 96 | 2.1 | 96 | 1.0 |  |  | 96 | 4.2 |  |  | 96 | 11.5 |  |  |  |  |  |
Ambalakarar  | Dravidian (Southern)  | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 13.8[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 6.9[14] | 29 | 3.4[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 20.7[14] |  |
Amhara  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 48 | 0.0[15] | 48 | 0.0[15] | 48 | 0.0[15] | 48 | 45.8[15] |  |  | 48 | 33.3[15] | 48 | 0.0[15] | 48 | 0.0[15] | 48 | 4.2[15] | 48 | 0.0[15] |  |
Andalusians  | IE (Romance)  | 29 | 65.5[6] | 29 | 0.0[6] | 103 | 3.9[4] | 76 | 9.2[5] |  |  | 93 | 1.1[5] | 29 | 0.0[6] | 29 | 0.0[6] | 29 | 6.9[6] | 29 | 3.4[6] |  |
Andis  | Northeast Caucasian  | 49 | 6.1[16] | 49 | 2.0[16] | 49 | 26.5[16] | 49 | 2.0[16] |  |  | 49 | 55.1[16] | 49 | 6.1[16] | 49 | 0.0[16] | 49 | 2.0[16] | 49 | 0.0[16] |  |
Arabs (Algeria)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 35 | 13.0[17] | 35 | 0.0[17] |  |  | 32 | 50[5] |  |  | 35 | 35[17] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Arabs (Algeria - Oran)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 102 | 10.8[18] | 102 | 1[18] |  |  | 102 | 50.9[18] | 102 | 12.8[18] | 102 | 27.4[18] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Arabs (Bedouin)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 32 | 0.0[19] | 32 | 9.4[19] | 32 | 6.3[19] | 32 | 18.7[19] |  |  | 32 | 65.6[19] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32 | 0.0[19] |  |
Arabs (Bedouins, Sinai Peninsula)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 147 | 4.1[20] | 147 | 2.7[20] | 147 | 0.7[20] | 147 | 36.7[20] | 147 | 2.8[20] | 147 | 32.0[20] | 147 | 8.8[20] | 147 | 0.0[20] | 147 | 8.2[20] |  |  |  |
Arabs (Palestine)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 143 | 8.4[19] | 143 | 1.4[19] | 143 | 6.3[19] | 143 | 20.3[19] |  |  | 143 | 55.2[19] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 143 | 0.0[19] |  |
Arabs (Morocco)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 44 | 3.8[7] | 44 | 0.0[7] | 44 | 0.0[7] | 49 | 85.5[5] |  |  | 49 | 2.4[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Arabs (Oman)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 121 | 1.7[20] | 121 | 9.1[20] | 121 | 0.0[20] | 121 | 15.7[20] | 121 | 7.4[20] | 121 | 47.9[20] | 121 | 1.7[20] |  |  | 121 | 8.3[20] | 121 | 0.8[20] |  |
Arabs (Qatar)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 72 | 1.4[21] | 72 | 6.9[21] | 72 | 0.0[21] | 72 | 5.6[21] | 72 | 2.8[21] | 72 | 66.7[21] | 72 | 2.8[21] | 72 | 0.0[21] | 72 | 0.0[21] | 72 | 2.8[21] |  |
Arabs (Saudi Arabia)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 157 | 1.9[22] | 157 | 5.1[22] | 157 | 0.0[22] | 157 | 7.6[22] | 157 | 7.6[22] | 157 | 40.0[22] | 157 | 3.2[22] | 157 | 0.0[22] | 157 | 5.1[22] | 157 | 1.9[22] |  |
Arabs (UAE)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 164 | 4.3[21] | 164 | 7.3[21] |  |  | 164 | 11.6[21] | 164 | 5.5[21] | 164 | 45.1[21] | 164 | 4.3[21] | 164 | 0.0[21] | 164 | 4.9[21] | 164 | 3.0[21] |  |
Arabs (Yemen)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 62 | 0.0[21] | 62 | 0.0[21] | 62 | 0.0[21] | 62 | 12.9[21] | 62 | 3.2[21] | 62 | 82.3[21] | 62 | 1.6[21] | 62 | 0.0[21] | 62 | 0.0[21] | 62 | 0.0[21] |  |
Arabs (Syria)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 20 | 15.0[6] | 20 | 10.0[6] | 20 | 5.0[6] | 20 | 10.0[6] |  |  | 20 | 30.0[6] | 20 | 0.0[6] | 20 | 0.0[6] | 20 | 0.0[6] | 20 | 0.0[6] |  |
Arabs (Lebanon)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 31 | 6.4[6] | 31 | 9.7[6] | 31 | 3.2[6] | 31 | 19.8[6] |  |  | 31 | 51.2[6] | 31 | 3.2[6] | 31 | 0.0[6] | 31 | 0.0[6] | 31 | 3.2[6] |  |
Arabs (Sudan)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 102 | 15.7[23] |  |  | 102 | 3.9[23] | 102 | 16.7[23] |  |  | 102 | 47.1[23] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Arabs (Tunisia)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 148 | 6.8[17] | 148 | 0.0[17] | 148 | 0.0[17] | 148 | 54.5[17] | 148 | 1.4[17] | 148 | 30.6[17] |  |  | 148 | 0.0[17] | 148 | 0.7[17] | 148 | 0.0[17] |  |
Arabs (Libya)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 63 | 3[24] | 63 | 1.5[24] | 63 | 1.5[24] | 63 | 52.0[24] | 63 | 0.0[24] | 63 | 24.0[24] | 63 | 8.0[24] |  |  | 63 | 5.0[24] | 63 | 1.5[24] |  |
Armenians  | IE (Armenian)  | 89 | 24.7[25] | 89 | 5.6[25] | 100 | 5.0[10] | 89 | 3.4[25] |  |  | 89 | 29.2[25] | 100 | 11.0[10] | 89 | 3.4[25] |  |  |  |  |  |
Armenians  | IE (Armenian)  | 734 | 32.4[26] | 734 | 5.3[26] |  |  | 734 | 5.4[26] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 734 | 1.6[26] |  |
Aromanians (Dukasi, Albania)  | IE (Romance)  | 39 | 2.56
1/39[8] | 39 | 2.56
1/39[8] | 39 | 17.95
7/39[8] | 39 | 17.95
7/39[8] | 39 | 0.0[8] | 39 | 48.72
19/39[8] | 39 | 10.26
4/39[8] | 39 |  | 39 |  | 39 |  |  |
Aromanians (Andon Poci, Albania)  | IE (Romance)  | 19 | 36.84
7/19[8] | 19 | 0.0[8] | 19 | 42.11
8/19[8] | 19 | 15.79
3/19[8] | 19 | 0.0[8] | 19 | 5.26
1/19[8] | 19 | 0.0[8] | 19 |  | 19 |  | 19 |  |  |
Aromanians (Kruševo, North Macedonia)  | IE (Romance)  | 43 | 27.91
12/43[8] | 43 | 11.63
5/43[8] | 43 | 20.93
9/43[8] | 43 | 20.93
9/43[8] | 43 | 0.0[8] | 43 | 11.63
5/19[8] | 43 | 6.98
3/19[8] | 43 |  | 43 |  | 43 |  |  |
Aromanians (Štip, North Macedonia)  | IE (Romance)  | 65 | 23.08
15/65[8] | 65 | 21.54
14/65[8] | 65 | 16.92
11/65[8] | 65 | 18.46
12/65[8] | 65 | 0.0[8] | 65 | 20.0
13/65[8] | 65 | 0.0[8] | 65 |  | 65 |  | 65 |  |  |
Aromanians (Romania)  | IE (Romance)  | 42 | 23.81
10/42[8] | 42 | 2.28
1/42[8] | 42 | 19.05
8/42[8] | 42 | 7.14
3/42[8] | 42 | 0.0[8] | 42 | 33.33
14/42[8] | 42 | 0.0[8] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aromanians (Balkan)  | IE (Romance)  | 39+
19+
43+
65+
42=
208 | 21.63
45/208[8] | 208 | 10.1
21/208[8] | 208 | 20.67
43/208[8] | 208 | 16.35
34/208[8] | 208 | 0.0[8] | 208 | 25
52/208[8] | 208 | 3.37
7/208[8] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ashkenazi Jews  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  |  |  | 79 | 12.7[19] |  |  | 79 | 22.8
18/79[19] |  |  | 79 | 43.0
34/79[19] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 79 | 0.0[19] |  |
Ashkenazi Jews  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  |  |  |  |  | 442 | 4.1[27] | 442 | 19.7
87/442[27] | 442 | 0.2[27] | 442 | 38.0
168/442[27] | 442 | 9.7
43/442[27] | 442 | 0.2[27] |  |  | 442 | 0.2[27] |  |
Austrians  | IE (Germanic, West)  | 219 | 32 | 219 | 14 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Avars  | Northeast Caucasian  | 42 | 2.4[16] | 42 | 2.4[16] | 42 | 0.0[16] | 42 | 7.1[16] |  |  | 42 | 71.4
30/42[16] | 42 | 0.0[16] | 42 | 0.0[16] | 42 | 4.8[16] | 42 | 9.5[16] |  |
Azerbaijanis  | Turkic, Oghuz  | 72 | 11.1[28] | 72 | 6.9[28] |  |  | 97 | 4.1[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Azerbaijanis (West Azerbaijan Province)  | Turkic, Oghuz  | 63 | 17.5[30] | 63 | 19[30] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 63 | 27.2[30] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bagvalal  | Northeast Caucasian  | 28 | 67.9[16] | 28 | 3.6[16] | 28 | 7.1[16] | 28 | 0.0[16] |  |  | 28 | 21.4[16] | 28 | 0.0[16] | 28 | 0.0[16] | 28 | 0.0[16] | 28 | 0.0[16] |  |
Balkarian  | Turkic, Kipchak  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 39 | 2.6[5] |  |  | 16 | 25.0[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balkarians  | Turkic, Kipchak  | 38 | 13.2[9] | 38 | 13.2[9] | 38 | 2.6[9] | 38 | 2.6[9] | 38 | 0.0[9] | 38 | 23.7[9] | 38 | 28.9[9] | 38 | 0.0[9] | 38 | 0.0[9] | 38 | 5.3[9] |  |
Baloch  | IE (Iranian, NW)  | 25 | 8.0[14] | 25 | 28.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 8.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 16.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 24.0[14] |  |
Bashkirs (Perm)  | Turkic, Kipchak  | 43 | 86.05
37/43[31] | 43 | 9.3 | 43 | 0.0 | 43 | 0.0 | 43 | 0.0 | 43 | 0.0 | 43 | 2.3 | 43 | 2.3 | 43 | 0.0 | 43 | 0.0 |  |
Basque (France, Spain)  | Basque (Basque)  | 67 | 88.06
59/67[6] | 67 | 0.0[6] | 67 | 7.46
5/67[6] | 67 | 1.49
1/67[6] |  |  | 67 | 2.99
2/67[6] | 67 | 0.0[6] | 67 | 0.0[6] | 67 | 0.0[6] | 67 | 0.0[6] |  |
German Bavarians  | IE (Germanic, West)  | 80 | 50.0
40/80[25] | 80 | 15.0[25] |  |  | 80 | 8.0[25] |  |  | 80 | 5.0[25] |  |  | 80 | 0.0[25] | 80 | 0.0[25] |  |  |  |
Belgians  | IE (Germanic/Romance)  | 92 | 63.04
58/92[25] | 92 | 4.0[25] |  |  | 92 | 2.0[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Belarusians  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 41 | 0.0[25] | 41 | 39.0[25] | 147 | 19.0[4] | 41 | 10.0[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 41 | 2.4[25] |  |  |  |  |  |
Belarusians  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 68 | 4.4[32] | 68 | 45.6[32] | 68 | 25.0[32] | 68 | 4.4[32] |  |  |  |  | 68 | 1.5[32] | 68 | 8.8[32] |  |  |  |  |  |
Belarusians  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 306 | 4.2[33] | 306 | 51.0[33] |  |  | 306 | 4.6[33] |  |  | 306 | 3.3[33] |  |  | 306 | 9.5[33] |  |  |  |  |  |
Bearnais  | IE (Romance)  |  |  |  |  | 26 | 7.7[4] | 43 | 3.7[5] |  |  | 26 | 3.8[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beja  | Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic)  | 42 | 4.76
2/42[23] | 42 | 0.0[23] | 42 | 0.0[23] | 42 | 52.38
22/42[23] | 42 | 0.0[23] | 42 | 38.1
16/42[23] | 42 | 0.0[23] | 42 | 0.0[23] | 42 | 0.0[23] | 42 | 0.0[23] |  |
Berbers (Marrakesh)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 29  | 92.9[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (Moyen Atlas)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 69 | 87.1[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (Mozabite)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20 | 80.0[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (Morocco)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 64 | 88.2[5] | 64 | 0[5] | 103 | 0[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (north Morocco)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  | 43 |  |  |  |  |  | 43 | 79.5[34] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (north-central Morocco)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 63 | 88.8[5] | 63 | 0[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (central Morocco)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  | 187 |  |  |  |  |  | 187 | 89.8[34] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (southern Morocco)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 40 | 89[5] | 40 | 0[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (southern Morocco)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  | 65 |  |  |  |  |  | 65 | 98.5[34] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (northern Tunisia)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32 | 100[35] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Berbers (southern Tunisia)  | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 27 | 100[35] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Borgu (Sudan)  | Nilo-Saharan (Maban)  | 26 | 11.5[23] | 26 | 0.0[23] | 26 | 0.0[23] | 26 | 53.8[23] | 26 | 0.0[23] | 26 | 0.0[23] | 26 | 0.0[23] | 26 | 0.0[23] | 26 | 0.0[23] | 26 | 0.0[23] |  |
Bosnians (Zenica)  | IE (Slavic, South)  | 69 | 1.45
1/69[7] | 69 | 24.64
17/69[7] | 69 | 53.62
37/69[7] | 69 | 10.14
7/69[7] |  |  | 69 | 0.0[7] | 69 | 4.35
3/69[7] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Brahmins (Konkanastha)  | IE (Indo-Aryan)  | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 48.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 16.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 4.0[14] |  |
Brahui  | Dravidian (Northern)  |  |  | 110 | 39.1[36] |  |  | 110 | 0.0[36] | 110 | 2.7[36] | 110 | 28.2[36] |  |  | 110 | 0.9[36] |  |  | 110 | 7.3[36] |  |
Brahui  | Dravidian (Northern)  | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 24.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 28.0[14] | 25 | 16.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 0.0[14] | 25 | 8.0[14] |  |
British  | IE (Germanic, West)  | 32 | 68.8
22/32[37] | 32 | 9.4
3/32[37] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bulgarians  | IE (Slavic, South)  |  | 11.1[38] |  | 6.4[38] |  | 30.2[38] |  | 20.6[38] |  |  |  | 17.5[38] |  |  |  |  |  | 0.8[38] |  |  |  |
Bulgarians  | IE (Slavic, South)  |  | 11.0[39] |  | 17.3[39] |  | 27.5[39] |  | 20.5[39] |  |  |  | 18.1[39] |  |  |  |  |  | 0.8[39] |  |  |  | 0.8[39]
Bulgarians  | IE (Slavic, South)  |  | 14[40] |  | 16[40] |  | 34[40] |  | 21[40] |  |  |  | 9[40] |  | 2[40] |  | 1[40] |  | 2[40] |  |  |  |
Burusho  | Burushaski (isolate)  | 97 | 1.0[41] | 97 | 27.8[41] | 97 | 0.0[41] | 97 | 0.0[41] |  |  | 97 | 8.2[41] | 97 | 1.0[41] | 97 | 0.0[41] | 97 | 0.0[41] | 97 | 16.5[41] |  |
Catalans)  | IE (Romance)  | 24 | 79.2
19/24[6] | 24 | 0.0[42] | 32 | 4.2[42] | 33 | 6.1[5] |  |  | 28 | 3.6[5] | 24 | 8.0[42] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cantabrians (Pasiegos)  | IE (Romance)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 56 | 42.9[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chamalins  | Northeast Caucasian  | 27 | 0.0[16] | 27 | 7.4[16] | 27 | 0.0[16] | 27 | 0.0[16] |  |  | 27 | 70.4[16] | 27 | 18.5[16] | 27 | 0.0[16] | 27 | 0.0[16] | 27 | 3.7[16] |  |
Chechens  | Northeast Caucasian  | 330 | 1.8[43] | 330 | 3.9[43] | 330 | 0.0[43] | 330 | 0.0[43] |  |  | 330 | 77.6[43] | 330 | 5.5[43] | 330 | 0.0[43] |  |  | 330 | 7.0[43] |  |
Chuvashes  | Turkic, Oghur  | 79 | 3.8[44] | 79 | 31.6[44] | 79 | 11.3[44] | 79 | 0[44] | 79 | 0[44] | 79 | 24.2[44] | 79 | 0[44] | 79 | 27.8[44] | 79 | 0[44] | 79 | 0[44] |  |
Copts (Sudan)  | Afro-Asiatic  | 33 | 15.2[23] |  |  |  |  | 33 | 21.2[23] |  |  | 33 | 45.5[23] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Croats (mainland)  | IE (Slavic, South)  | 108 | 15.74
17/108[7] | 108 | 34.26
37/108[7] | 108 | 37.04
40/108[7][45] | 108 | 5.56
6/108[7] | 108 | 0.0[7] | 108 | 1.85
2/108[7] | 108 | 0.93
1/108[7] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Croat (mainland)  | IE (Slavic, South)  |  |  |  |  | 189 | 38.1
72/189[4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross River (Nigeria)  | Cross River (NC)  | 1113 | 0[46] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1113 | 87[46] | 1113 | 0[46] |  |  |  |  | 1113 | 0[46] |  |  |  |
Cypriots | IE (Greek)  | 45 | 9.0[25] | 45 | 2.0[25] |  |  | 45 | 27.0[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Czechs  | IE (Slavic, West)  |  |  | 257 | 34.2[47] | 257 | 18.3[47] | 257 | 5.8[47] |  |  | 257 | 4.7[47] | 257 | 5.1[47] | 257 | 1.6[47] |  |  |  |  |  |
Czechs and Slovaks  | IE (Slavic, West)  | 45 | 35.6[6] | 45 | 26.7[6] | 198 | 13.6[4] | 45 | 2.2[6] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Danes  | IE (Germanic, North)  | 12 | 31.7[37] | 12 | 26.7[37] | 194 | 38.7[4] | 35 | 2.9[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dargins  | Northeast Caucasian  | 68 | 2.9[16] | 68 | 0.0[16] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 68 | 94.1[16] | 68 | 2.9[16] | 68 | 0.0[16] | 68 | 0.0[16] | 68 | 0.0[16] |  |
Dargins  | Northeast Caucasian  | 26 | 4.0[10] | 26 | 0.0[10] | 26 | 58.0[10] | 26 | 4.0[10] |  |  | 26 | 4.0[10] | 26 | 4.0[10] | 26 | 0.0[10] | 26 | 0.0[10] | 26 | 0.0[10] |  |
Dolgans  | Turkic, Siberia  | 67 | 1.5[44] | 67 | 16.4[44] | 67 | 1.5[44] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 67 | 34.3[44] |  |  |  |  |  |
Druze (Arabs)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28 | 14.3[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dutch  | IE (Germanic, West)  | 27 | 70.4[6] | 27 | 3.7[6] | 30 | 26.7[4] | 84 | 8.0[25] |  |  | 34 | 0[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Egyptians  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic, West)  | 370 | 5.94[48] | 370 | 2.16[48] | 370 | 0.54[48] | 370 | 43.78[48] | 370 | 2.43[48] | 370 | 27.56[48] | 370 | 5.68[48] | 370 | 0.00[48] | 370 | 6.22[48] | 370 | 0.81[48] |  |
Egyptians  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic, West)  | 92 | 5.4[49] | 92 | 0.0[49] | 92 | 1.1[49] | 92 | 43.5[49] | 92 | 3.3[49] | 92 | 22.8[49] | 92 | 2.2[49] | 92 | 0.0[49] | 92 | 7.6[49] | 92 | 0.0[49] |  |
Egyptians (North)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic, West)  | 43 | 9.3[50] | 43 | 2.3[50] | 43 | 0.0[50] | 43 | 53.5[50] |  |  | 44 | 18.2[17] | 43 | 7.0[50] |  |  | 43 | 2.3[50] | 43 | 0.0[50] |  |
Egyptians (South)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic, West)  | 29 | 13.8[50] | 29 | 0.0[50] | 29 | 3.4[50] | 29 | 31.0[50] |  |  | 29 | 24.1[17] | 29 | 17.2[50] |  |  | 29 | 10.3[50] | 29 | 0.0[50] |  |
English (Central)  | IE (Germanic, West)  | 215 | 61.9[51] | 215 | 3.3[51] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Estonians  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 207 | 9.0[25] | 118 | 37.3[52] | 210 | 18.6[4] | 207 | 3.0[25] |  |  | 207 | 1.0[25] |  |  | 207 | 40.6[25] |  |  |  |  |  |
Finns  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 57 | 2.0[25] | 57 | 10.5[25] |  |  | 57 | 2.0[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 57 | 63.2[25] |  |  |  |  |  |
Finns  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 38 | 0.0[44] | 38 | 7.9[44] | 38 | 28.9[44] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 38 | 63.2[44] |  |  |  |  |  |
French  | IE (Romance)  | 23 | 52.2[6] | 23 | 0[6] | 23 | 17.4[4] | 40 | 8.0[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Frisians  | IE (Germanic, West)  | 94 | 56.0[53] | 94 | 7.0[53] | 94 | 29.0[53] | 94 | 2.0[53] |  |  | 94 | 6.0[53] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Frieslanders (Netherlands)  | IE (Germanic, West)  | 94 | 55.3[51] | 94 | 7.4[51] | 94 | 34.0[51] | 94 | 2.1[51] |  |  | 94 | 1.4[51] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fur  | Nilo-Saharan (Fur)  | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 59.4[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 6.3[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] |  |
Gagauz (Kongaz)  | Turkic, Oghuz  | 48 | 10.4[54] | 48 | 12.5[54] | 48 | 31.3[54] | 48 | 16.7[54] |  |  | 48 | 8.3[54] | 48 | 10.4[54] | 48 | 4.2[54] | 48 | 6.3[54] |  |  |  |
Gagauz (Etulia)  | Turkic, Oghuz  | 41 | 14.6[54] | 41 | 26.8[54] | 41 | 24.4[54] | 41 | 9.8[54] |  |  | 41 | 7.3[54] | 41 | 17.1[54] | 41 | 0.0[54] | 41 | 0.0[54] |  |  |  |
Germans  | IE (Germanic, West)  | 3,000+ | 44[55]
U106=18
L21=5
U152=9
DF27, DF19=9
others=3  | 3,000+ | 12[55] | 3,000+ | 20[55]
I1=13
I2=7  | 3,000+ | 5[55]
V13=5  |  |  | 3,000+ | 6[55]
J2=5
J1=1  | 3,000+ | 5[55] | 3,000+ | 1[55] |  |  |  |  |  |
Germans (West)  | IE (German)  | 48 | 47.9[6][37] | 48 | 8.1[6][37] | 16 | 37.5[4] | 16 | 6.2[6] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Germans (East)  | IE (German)  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Germans (Berlin)  | IE (German)  | 103 | 23.3[56] | 103 | 22.3[56] | 103 | 32[56] | 103 | 9.7[56] |  |  |  |  | 103 | 1.3[56] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Georgians  | Kartvelian  | 63 | 14.3[6] | 63 | 7.9[6] | 63 | 0.0[6] | 64 | 2.0[25] |  |  | 63 | 36.5[6] | 63 | 30.1[6] |  |  | 63 | 1.6[6] | 63 | 1.6[6] |  |
Georgians  | Kartvelian  | 66 | 9.1[9] | 66 | 10.6[9] | 66 | 1.5[9] | 66 | 3.0[9] | 66 | 0.0[9] | 66 | 36.4[9] | 66 | 31.8[9] | 66 | 0.0[9] | 66 | 1.5[9] | 66 | 1.5[9] |  |
Greeks | IE (Greek)  | 92 | 19.6[9] | 92 | 16.3[9] | 92 | 9.8[9] | 92 | 21.8[9] |  |  | 92 | 22.9[9] | 92 | 3.3[9] |  |  | 92 | 4.3[9] | 92 | 1.1[9] |  |
Greeks | IE (Greek)  | 77 | 11.7
9/77[41] | 77 | 15.6
12/77[41] | 77 | 19.5
15/77[41] | 77 | 20.8
16/77[41] | 77 |  | 77 | 16.9
13/77[41] | 77 | 9.1
7/77[41] | 77 | 0.0[41] | 77 | 0.0[41] | 77 | 6.49
others
5/77  |  |
Greeks  | IE (Greek)  | 118 | 22.8[6][37] | 118 | 8.3[6][37] | 261 | 13.8[4] | 84 | 23.8[5] |  |  | 92 | 6.5[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greeks  | IE (Greek)  | 171 | 13.5
23/171[57] | 171 | 11.1
19/171  | 171 | 15.8
27/171  | 171 | 31.6
54/171  |  |  | 171 | 19.9
34/171  | 171 | 4.7
8/171  |  |  | 171 | 1.8
3/171  |  |  |  |
Greeks (Crete)  | IE (Greek)  | 193 | 17.0
33/193[57] | 193 | 8.8
17/193  | 193 | 13.0
25/193  | 193 | 8.8
17/193  |  |  | 193 | 38.9
75/193  | 193 | 10.9
21/193  |  |  | 193 | 2.1
4/193  |  |  |  |
Greeks (Crete)  | IE (Greek)  | 171+
193=
364 | 15.38
56/364[57] | 364 | 9.89
36/364 | 364 | 14.29
52/364 | 364 | 19.51
71/364 |  |  | 364 | 29.95
109/364 | 364 | 7.97
29/364 |  |  | 364 | 1.92
7/364 |  |  |  |
Greeks (Peloponnese)  | IE (Greek)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 36 | 47.44
17/36[5] |  |  | 36 | 13.89
5/36[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greeks (Thrace)  | IE (Greek)  | 41 | 12.2[8] | 41 | 22.0[8] | 41 | 19.5[8] | 41 | 19.5[8] | 41 | 0.0[8] | 41 | 19.5[8] | 41 | 4.9[8] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Greeks (North)  | IE (Greek)  | 96 | 14.6=[50]
14/96  | 96 | 18.8[50]
18/96  | 96 | 12.5[50]
12/96  | 96 | 35.4[50]
34/96  |  |  |  |  | 96 | 5.2[50]
5/96  |  |  | 96 | 2.1[50]
2/96  | 96 | 1.0[50]
1/96  |  |
Greeks (South)  | IE (Greek)  | 46 | 19.6[50]
9/46  | 46 | 2.2[50]
1/46  | 46 | 23.9[50]
11/46  | 46 | 43.5[50]
20/46  |  |  |  |  | 46 | 6.5[50]
3/46  |  |  | 46 | 2.2[50]
1/46  | 46 | 0.0[50] |  |
Greeks (North) + (South)  | IE (Greek)  | 96+
46=
142 | 16.2[50]
23/142 | 96+
46=
142 | 13.4[50]
19/142 | 96+
46=
142 | 16.2[50]
23/142 | 96+
46=
142 | 38[50]
54/142 |  |  |  |  | 96+
46=
142 | 5.6[50]
8/142 |  |  | 96+
46=
142 | 2.1[50]
3/142 | 96+
46=
142 | 0.7[50]
1/142 |  |
Hausa (Sudan)  | Afro-Asiatic (Chadic)  | 32 | 40.6[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 3.1[23] | 32 | 12.5[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] |  |
Herzegovinians (Mostar, Široki Brijeg)  | IE (Slavic, South)  | 141 | 3.55
5/141[7] | 141 | 12.06
17/141[7] | 141 | 63.83
90/141[7] | 141 | 8.51
12/141[7] |  |  | 141 | 1.42
2/141[7] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hungarians  | Uralic (Ugric)  | 45 | 18[6] | 113 | 30[44] | 162 | 17[4] | 53 | 8[5] |  |  | 49 | 9[5] | 103 | 3[58] | 103 | 1.0 |  |  |  |  |  |
Icelanders  | IE (Germanic, North)  | 181 | 41.44
75/181[37] | 181 | 23.76
43/181[37] | 181 | 34.25
62/181[37] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ingush  | Northeast Caucasian  | 143 | 0.0[43] | 143 | 3.5[43] | 143 | 0.7[43] | 143 | 0.0[43] |  |  | 143 | 91.6[43] | 143 | 1.4[43] |  |  |  |  | 143 | 2.8[43] |  |
Iranians (North Iran)  | IE (Iranian, West)  | 33 | 15.2[59] | 33 | 6.1[59] | 33 | 0.0[59] | 33 | 0.0[59] | 33 | 0.0[59] | 33 | 33.3[59] | 33 | 15.2[59] | 33 | 6.1[59] | 33 | 0.0[59] | 33 | 3.0[59] |  |
Iranians (South Iran)  | IE (Iranian, West)  | 117 | 6.0[59] | 117 | 16.2[59] | 117 | 0.0[59] | 117 | 5.1[59] | 117 | 1.7[59] | 117 | 35.0[59] | 117 | 12.8[59] | 117 | 0.9[59] | 117 | 3.4[59] | 117 | 6.0[59] |  |
Irish  | IE (Celtic)  | 222 | 81.53
181/222[37] | 222 | 0.45[37] | 222 | 14.86
33/222[37] | 257 | 2.25[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Italians  | IE (Romance)  | 50 | 62.0
31/50[42] | 332 | 2.7[37] | 50 | 8.0[42] | 99 | 13.0[25] |  |  |  |  | 50 | 10.0[42] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Italians (Calabria)  | IE (Romance)  | 37 | 32.4[6] |  |  | 148 | 5.4[4] | 80 | 16.3[7] |  |  | 57 | 1.8[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Italians (Apulia)  | IE (Romance)  |  |  |  |  | 78 | 2.6[4] | 86 | 13.9[5] |  |  | 86 | 31.4[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Italians (North-central)  | IE (Romance)  | 50 | 62.0[6] |  |  | 390 | 0.5[4] | 212 | 10.4[7] |  |  | 52 | 26.9[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Italians (South)  | IE (Romance)  | 68 | 20.0[50] | 68 | 3.0[50] | 68 | 6.0[50] | 68 | 26.0[50] |  |  |  |  | 68 | 15.0[50] |  |  | 68 | 3.0[50] | 68 | 0.0[50] |  |
Italians (Sicily)  | IE (Romance)  |  |  |  |  | 51 | 8.8 | 55 | 27.3[5] |  |  | 42 | 23.8[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Italians (East Sicily)  | IE (Romance)  | 87 | 20.0[50] | 87 | 2.3[50] | 87 | 5.0[50] | 87 | 29.0[50] |  |  |  |  | 87 | 5.0[50] |  |  | 87 | 5.0[50] | 87 | 0.0[50] |  |
Italians (West Sicily)  | IE (Romance)  | 125 | 27.0[50] | 125 | 2.4[50] | 125 | 11.0[50] | 125 | 19.0[50] |  |  |  |  | 125 | 13.0[50] |  |  | 125 | 3.0[50] | 125 | 0.0[50] |  |
Iyengar  | Dravidian (Southern)  | 30 | 0.0[14] | 30 | 30.0[14] | 30 | 0.0[14] | 30 | 0.0[14] | 30 | 0.0[14] | 30 | 20.0[14] | 30 | 13.3[14] | 30 | 0.0[14] | 30 | 0.0[14] | 30 | 16.7[14] |  |
Iyer  | Dravidian (Southern)  | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 27.6[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 17.2[14] | 29 | 10.3[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 17.2[14] |  |
Japan | Japanese | 2390 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2390 | 1.3[60] |  |  |  |  |  |
Kabardinian  | Northwest Caucasian  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 29.0[10] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kalash (Pakistan)  | IE (Dardic)  |  |  | 44 | 18.2[41] | 44 | 0.0[41] | 44 | 0.0[41] |  |  | 44 | 9.1[41] | 44 | 18.2[41] | 44 | 0.0[41] | 44 | 0.0[41] | 44 | 25.0[41] |  |
Karakalpaks  | Turkic, Kipchak  | 44 | 9.1[61] | 44 | 18.2[61] | 44 | 0.0[61] | 44 | 0.0[61] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 44 | 4.5[61] |  |
Kazakhs (more)  | Turkic | 1982 | 6[62] | 1982 | 7[62] | 1982 | 1[62] |  |  |  |  | 1982 | 8 |  |  | 1982 | 7[62] |  |  |  |  |  |
Kazakhs (more)  | Turkic, Kipchak  | 54 | 5.6[61] | 54 | 3.7[61] | 54 | 0.0[61] | 54 | 0.0[61] |  |  | 38 | 0.0 |  |  | 54 | 1.9[61] | 54 | 0.0[61] |  |  |  |
Khants  | Uralic (Ugric)  | 47 | 19.15
9/47[44] | 47 | 4.25
2/47[44] | 47 | 0.0[44] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 47 | 76.6
36/47[44] |  |  |  |  |  |
Komi  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 94 | 16.0[44] | 94 | 33.0 | 94 | 5.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 94 | 35.1 |  |  |  |  |  |
Komi (Izhemsky)  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 54 | 0.0[63] | 54 | 29.63
16/54[63] | 54 | 1.9[63] | 54 | 0.0[63] | 54 | 0.0[63] | 54 | 0.0[63] | 54 | 0.0[63] | 54 | 68.52
37/54[63] | 54 | 0.0[63] | 54 | 0.0[63] |  |
Komi (Priluzsky)  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 49 | 2.0[63] | 49 | 32.65
16/49[63] | 49 | 4.1[63] | 49 | 0.0[63] | 49 | 0.0[63] | 49 | 0.0[63] | 49 | 0.0[63] | 49 | 61.22
30/49[63] | 49 | 0.0[63] | 49 | 0.0[63] |  |
Kumyks  | Turkic, Kipchak  | 76 | 19.7[16] | 76 | 13.2[16] | 76 | 0.0[16] | 76 | 2.6[16] |  |  | 76 | 46.1[16] | 76 | 11.8[16] | 76 | 0.0[16] | 76 | 1.3[16] | 76 | 0.0[16] |  |
Kurds (Northern Iraq)  | IE (Iranian, NW)  | 95 | 16.8[19] | 95 | 11.6[19] | 95 | 16.8[19] | 95 | 7.4[19] |  |  | 95 | 40.0[19] |  |  |  |  | 95 | 4.2[19] | 95 | 3.2[19] |  |
Kyrgyz  | Turkic, Kipchak  | 52 | 1.9[61] | 52 | 42[61] | 52 | 1.9[61] | 52 | 0.0[61] |  |  | 41 | 4.9 |  |  | 41 | 2.4 |  |  | 52 | 0.0[61] |  |
Latvians  | IE (Baltic)  | 34 | 15.0[25] | 114 | 39.5[25] | 86 | 7.0[4] | 114 | 0.9[52] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 114 | 42.1[52] |  |  |  |  |  |
Lebanese  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 1,116 | 7.6[50] & Haber2011[64] | 1,116 | 2.1[50] & Haber2011[64] | 1,116 | 3.5[50] & Haber2011[64] | 1,116 | 16.75[50] & Haber2011[64] | 1,116 | 1[50] & Haber2011[64] | 1,116 | 50[50] & Haber2011[64] | 1,116 | 6.9[50] & Haber2011[64] | 1,116 | 0.1[50] & Haber2011[64] | 1,116 | 4.7[50] & Haber2011[64] | 1,116 | 5.2[50] & Haber2011[64] |  |
Lebanese  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 914 | 8.1[65] | 914 | 2.5[50] | 914 | 4.8[50] | 914 | 16.2[50] | 914 | 0.7[50] | 914 | 46.1[50] | 914 | 6.6[50] | 914 | 0.1[50] | 914 | 4.7[50] | 914 | 5.2[50] |  |
Lezgins  | Northeast Caucasian  | 31 | 16.1[16] | 31 | 0.0[16] | 31 | 9.7[16] | 31 | 6.5[16] |  |  | 31 | 58.1[16] | 31 | 9.7[16] | 31 | 0.0[16] | 31 | 0.0[16] | 31 | 0.0[16] |  |
Lithuanians  | IE (Baltic)  | 38 | 5.0[25] | 114 | 36.0[52] |  |  | 114 | 0.9[52] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 114 | 43.0[52] |  |  |  |  |  |
Macedonians (Skopje)  | IE (Slavic, South)  | 79 | 5.1[7] | 79 | 15.2[7] | 79 | 34.2[7] | 79 | 24.1[7] |  |  | 79 | 12.7[6][7][5] | 79 | 5.1[7] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Macedonians (Skopje)  | IE (Slavic, South)  | 52 | 13.5[8] | 52 | 13.5[8] | 52 | 28.8[8] | 52 | 23.1[8] |  |  | 52 | 11.5[8] | 52 | 3.8[8] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Macedonian Romani (Skopje)  | IE (Indo-Aryan)  | 57 | 1.8[7] | 57 | 1.8[7] | 57 | 3.5[7] | 57 | 29.8[7] |  |  | 57 | 1.8[7] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Maltese  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  | 187 | 22.0[50] | 187 | 5.0[50] | 187 | 9.0[50] | 187 | 6.0[50] |  |  |  |  | 187 | 9.0[50] |  |  | 187 | 0.0[50] | 187 | 0.0[50] |  |
Maratha  | IE (Indo-Aryan)  | 20 | 0.0[14] | 20 | 10.0[14] |  |  | 20 | 0.0[14] | 20 | 0.0[14] | 20 | 15.0[14] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20 | 15.0[14] |  |
Melanesia | Oceanic, Papuan  | 1272 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Moldovans (Karahasani)  | IE (Romance)  | 72 | 16.7[54] | 72 | 34.7[54] | 72 | 25.0[54] | 72 | 12.5[54] |  |  | 72 | 9.7[54] | 72 | 0.0[54] | 72 | 1.4[54] | 72 | 0.0[54] |  |  |  |
Moldovans (Sofia)  | IE (Romance)  | 54 | 16.7[54] | 54 | 20.4[54] | 54 | 35.2[54] | 54 | 13.0[54] |  |  | 54 | 5.6[54] | 54 | 1.9[54] | 54 | 3.7[54] | 54 | 1.9[54] |  |  |  |
Erzya  | Uralic (Finnic)  |  |  | 46 | 39.1[66] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Moksha  | Uralic (Finnic)  |  |  | 46 | 21.7[66] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Moksha  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 83 | 13.3[44] | 83 | 26.5 | 83 | 19.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 83 | 19.3 |  |  |  |  |  |
Mari  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 111 | 2.7[44] | 111 | 47.7 | 111 | 8.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 111 | 41.4 |  |  |  |  |  |
Mari  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 48 | 10.4[25] | 48 | 29.2 |  |  | 48 | 0.0 |  |  | 48 | 6.3 |  |  | 48 | 50.0 |  |  |  |  |  |
Masalit  | Nilo-Saharan (Maban)  | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 71.9
23/32[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 6.3[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] | 32 | 0.0[23] |  |
Moroccans | Afro-Asiatic (Berber)  | 760 | 4.4[67] | 760 | 0[67] | 760 | 0.1[67] | 760 | 78.9[67] | 760 | 5.9[67] | 760 | 7.6[67] | 760 | 0.6[67] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Native North Americans  |  | 530 | 6.25[68] | 530 | 6.25[68] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Norwegians  | IE (Germanic, North)  | 112 | 25.9[37] | 112 | 17.9[37] | 72 | 40.3[4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Norwegians  | IE (Germanic, North)  |  |  | 52 | 30.8[25] |  |  | 52 | 1.9[25] |  |  | 52 | 1.9[25] |  |  | 52 | 3.8[25] | 52 | 0.0[25] | 52 | 0.0[25] |  |
Nubians (Sudan)  | Nilo-Saharan (Eastern Sudanic)  | 39 | 10.3[23] | 39 | 0.0[23] | 39 | 5.1[23] | 39 | 23.1[23] | 39 | 0.0[23] | 39 | 43.6[23] |  |  | 39 | 0.0[23] | 39 | 0.0[23] | 39 | 0.0[23] |  |
Orcadians  | IE (Celtic/Germanic)  | 71 | 66.2
47/71[53] | 71 | 19.72
14/71[53] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Oromo  | Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic)  | 78 | 0.0[15] | 78 | 0.0[15] | 78 | 0.0[15] | 78 | 79.5
62/78[15] |  |  | 78 | 3.8[15] | 78 | 0.0[15] | 78 | 0.0[15] | 78 | 5.1[15] | 78 | 0.0[15] |  |
Ossetians  | IE (Iranian, NE)  | 47 | 42.6[25] | 47 | 2.1[25] |  |  | 47 | 6.0[25] |  |  | 47 | 34.0[25] |  | 60.0[69] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pallan  | Dravidian (Southern)  | 29 | 3.4[14] | 29 | 24.1[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 13.8[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 17.2[14] |  |
Pashtuns  | IE (Iranian, SE)  | 96 | 4.2[41] | 96 | 44.8[41] | 96 | 0.0[41] | 96 | 2.1[41] |  |  | 96 | 6.3[41] | 96 | 11.5[41] | 96 | 0.0[41] | 96 | 1.0[41] | 96 | 12.5[41] |  |
Poles  | IE (Slavic, West)  | 55 | 16.4[6] | 55 | 56.4[6] | 191 | 17.8[4] | 99 | 4.0[5] |  |  | 97 | 1.0[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Poles  | IE (Slavic, West)  | 93 | 13.4[44] | 93 | 55.9[44] | 93 | 16.1[44] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 93 | 3.2[44] |  |  |  |  |  |
Portuguese  | IE (Romance)  |  |  |  |  | 303 | 5.3[4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Portuguese (South)  | IE (Romance)  | 57 | 56.0[25] | 57 | 2.0[25] |  |  | 57 | 17.0[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Portuguese (North)  | IE (Romance)  | 328 | 62.0[25] | 328 | 0[25] |  |  | 328 | 11.0[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rajputs  | IE (Indo-Aryan)  | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 31.0[14] |  |  | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 0.0[14] | 29 | 17.2[14] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 29 | 6.9[14] |  |
Romani (Gypsy)  | IE (Indo-Aryan)  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 60[7]
Romanians  | IE (Romance)  | 54 | 13.0[54] | 54 | 20.4[54] | 54 | 48.1[54] | 54 | 7.4[54] |  |  | 54 | 5.6[54] | 54 | 5.6[54] | 54 | 0.0[54] | 54 | 0.0[54] |  |  |  |
Romanians  | IE (Romance)  |  |  |  |  | 361 | 22.2[4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Romanians (Constanța)  | IE (Romance)  | 31 | 16.1[8] | 31 | 9.7[8] | 31 | 41.9[8] | 31 | 9.7[8] | 31 | 0.0[8] | 31 | 6.5[8] | 31 | 12.9[8] | 31 | 0.0[8] | 31 | 0.0[8] | 31 | 0.0[8] |  |
Romanians (Ploiești)  | IE (Romance)  | 36 | 8.3[8] | 36 | 5.6[8] | 36 | 38.9[8] | 36 | 16.7[8] | 36 | 0.0[8] | 36 | 19.4[8] | 36 | 8.3[8] | 36 | 0.0[8] | 36 | 0.0[8] | 36 | 0.0[8] |  |
Russians  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 122 | 6.6[25] | 122 | 46.7[25] |  |  | 122 | 6.6[25] |  |  | 122 | 4.1[25] |  |  | 122 | 18.0[25] |  |  |  |  |  |
Russians  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 414 | 6.8[70] | 414 | 48.3[70] | 414 | 15.9[70] | 414 | 4.8[70] | 414 | 0.0[70] | 414 | 1.4[70] | 414 | 1.2[70] | 414 | 14.0[70] |  |  |  |  |  |
Russians (Northern)(Arkhangelsk region)  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 114 | 14.0[71] | 114 | 40.0[71] | 114 | 5.3[71] | 114 | 0.0[71] | 114 | 0.0[71] | 114 | 0.9[71] | 114 | 1.3[71] | 114 | 39.3[71] | 114 |  | 114 |  |  |
Russians (Central)  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 364 | 7.7[71] | 364 | 47.0[71] | 364 | 16.5[71] | 364 | 5.0[71] | 364 | 0.0[71] | 364 | 3.3[71] | 364 | 0.0[71] | 364 | 16.0[71] | 364 |  |  |  |  |
Russians (Southerns)  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 484 | 4.8[71] | 484 | 56.9[71] | 484 | 21.0[71] | 484 | 1.8[71] | 484 | 0.0[71] | 484 | 3.5[71] | 484 | 1.0[71] | 484 | 10.0[71] |  |  |  |  |  |
Russians

(Oryol region)

| IE (Slavic, East)  | 110 | 3.6[71] | 110 | 62.7[71] | 110 | 22.7[71] | 110 | 0.9[71] | 110 | 0.0[71] | 110 | 0.9[71] | 110 | 0.0[71] | 110 | 5.4[71] |  |  |  |  |  |
Russians

(Voronezh region)

| IE (Slavic, East)  | 96 | 5.2[71] | 96 | 59.4[71] | 96 | 20.8[71] | 96 | 1.0[71] | 96 | 0.0[71] | 96 | 3.1[71] | 96 | 2.1[71] | 96 | 6.3[71] |  |  |  |  |  |
Russians

(Tver region)

| IE (Slavic, East)  | 73 | 6.8[71] | 73 | 56.2[71] | 73 | 15.0[71] | 73 | 4.1[71] | 73 | 0.0[71] | 73 | 4.1[71] | 73 | 0.0[71] | 73 | 11.0[71] |  |  |  |  |  |
Russians (Kuban Cossacks)  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 90 | 8.8[71] | 90 | 47.3[71] | 90 | 24.2[71] | 90 | 3.3[71] | 90 | 0.0[71] | 90 | 4.4[71] | 90 | 1.1[71] | 90 | 7.7[71] |  |  |  |  |  |
Russians (Novgorod region)  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 38 | 8.1[70] | 38 | 54.1[70] | 38 | 10.8[70] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sami (Sweden)  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 38 | 7.9[72] | 38 | 15.79
6/38[72] | 38 | 31.58
12/38[72] | 38 | 0.0[72] | 38 | 0.0[72] | 38 | 0.0[72] | 38 | 0.0[72] | 38 | 44.74
17/38[72] | 38 | 0.0[72] | 38 | 0.0[72] |  |
Sami | Uralic (Finnic)  | 127 | 3.9[44] | 127 | 11.0[44] | 35 | 31.4[4] |  |  |  |  | 14[73] |  |  |  | 127 | 47.2
60/127[44] |  |  |  |  |  |
Saharawis (Western Sahara)  | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 29 | 79.31
23/29[5] | 29 | 3.4[5] | 29 | 17.2[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sardinians (Italy)  | IE (Romance)  | 77 | 22.1[6] |  |  | 142 | 42.3[4] | 139 | 5.0[5] |  |  | 144 | 12.5[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sardinians (Northern Sardinia)  | IE (Romance)  | 86 | 20.0[50] | 86 | 0.0[50] | 86 | 28.0[50] | 86 | 13.0[50] |  |  |  |  | 86 | 21.0[50] |  |  | 86 | 0.0[50] | 86 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |
Sardinians (Southern Sardinia)  | IE (Romance)  | 187 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 187 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 187 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 187 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  |  |  | 187 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  | 187 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 187 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |
Scots  | IE (Celtic)  | 61 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
47/61[37] | 61 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[37] | 178 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Serbs (Serbia)  | IE (Slavic, South)  | 113 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[7] | 113 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[7] | 113 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
41/113[7] | 113 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[7] |  |  | 113 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[7] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Serbs (Bosnia)  | IE (Slavic, South)  | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
33/81[9] | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
8/81[9] | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 81 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] |  |
Slovenians  | IE (Slavic, South)  | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
16/75[9] | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
29/75[9] | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
23/75[9] | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] | 75 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[9] |  |
Slovenian  | IE (Slavic, South)  |  |  | 70 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
26/70[25] |  |  | 70 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  | 70 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  | 70 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] | 70 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] | 70 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |
Slovenian  | IE (Slavic, South)  |  |  |  |  | 55 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
21/55[4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dir and Isaaq  | Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic)  | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
156/201[74] | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 201 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] |  |
Spanish  | IE (Romance)  | 126 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] | 126 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  | 126 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Spanish (Ibiza)  | IE (Romance)  | 54 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
31/54[50] | 54 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 54 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 54 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  |  |  | 54 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  | 54 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 54 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |
Spanish (Majorca)  | IE (Romance)  | 62 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
41/62[50] | 62 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 62 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 62 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  |  |  | 62 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  | 62 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 62 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |
Spanish (Menorca)  | IE (Romance)  | 37 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
27/37[50] | 37 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 37 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 37 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  |  |  | 37 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  | 37 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 37 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |
Spanish (South)  | IE (Romance)  | 162 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 162 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 162 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 162 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  |  |  | 162 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  | 162 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 162 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |
Spanish (Valencia)  | IE (Romance)  | 73 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 73 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 73 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 73 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  |  |  | 73 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |  | 73 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] | 73 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[50] |  |
Swedes (Northern)  | IE (Germanic, North)  | 48 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] | 48 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] | 57 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[4] | 48 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  | 48 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  | 48 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  |  |  |  |
Swedes  | IE (Germanic, North)  | 110 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[37] | 110 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[37] | 225 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Swedes  | IE (Germanic, North)  | 160 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[75] | 160 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[75] | 160 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[75] | 160 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[75] |  |  | 160 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[75] |  |  | 160 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[75] |  |  |  |  |  |
Swiss  | IE (German/Romance)  |  |  |  |  | 144 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tabassarans  | Northeast Caucasian  | 43 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[16] | 43 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[16] | 43 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[16] | 43 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[16] |  |  | 43 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[16] | 43 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[16] | 43 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[16] | 43 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[16] | 43 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[16] |  |
Tamil Nadu (India)  | Dravidian  | 1680 |  | 1680 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[76] |  |  | 1680 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[76] | 1680 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[76] | 1680 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[76] | 1680 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[76] |  |  |  |  | 1680 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[76] | 1680 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[76]
Tatars  | Turkic, Kipchak  | 126 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[44] | 126 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[44] | 126 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24". |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 126 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24". |  |  |  |  |  |
Turkmens  | Turkic, Oghuz  | 30 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 30 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 30 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 30 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] |  |  | 21 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24". |  |  | 21 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24". |  |  | 30 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] |  |
Turks  | Turkic, Oghuz  | 523 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[77] | 523 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[77] | 741 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[4] | 523 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[77] |  |  | 523 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[77] | 523 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[77] | 523 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[77] | 523 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[77] | 523 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[77] |  |
Turks  | Turkic, Oghuz  | 167 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] | 167 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  | 167 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  | 167 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  | 167 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[25] |  |  |  |  |  |
Turks  | Turkic, Oghuz  | 59 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 59 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 59 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 59 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] |  |  | 59 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 59 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] |  |  | 59 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] | 59 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[74] |  |
Turks (Central Anatolia)  | Turkic, Oghuz  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 61 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[7] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Turks (Istanbul)  | Turkic, Oghuz  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 46 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[5] |  |  | 73 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Turks (Konya)  | Turkic, Oghuz  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 117 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[5] |  |  | 129 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Turks (Cypriot)  | Turkic, Oghuz  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 46 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Turks (Southeastern)  | Turkic, Oghuz  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Turks (Erzurum)  | Turkic, Oghuz  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 25 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[29] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Udmurt  | Uralic (Finnic)  | 87 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[44] | 87 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[44] | 87 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[44] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 87 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[44] |  |  |  |  |  |
Ukrainians  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[6] | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[6] | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[6] | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[6] |  |  | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[6] | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[6] | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[6] | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[6] | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[6] |  |
Ukrainians  | IE (Slavic, East)  | 53 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[54] | 53 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[54] | 53 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[54] | 93 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[7] |  |  | 53 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[54] | 53 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[54] | 53 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[54] | 53 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[54] |  |  |  |
Uyghurs (Kazakhstan)  | Turkic, Karluk  | 41 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 41 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 41 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 41 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 41 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 33 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[78] |  |  | 41 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 41 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 41 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] |  |
Uyghurs (Xinjiang)  | Turkic, Karluk  | 68 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[79] | 68 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[79] | 68 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[79] | 68 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[79] | 68 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[79] | 68 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[79] | 68 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[79] | 67 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[80] | 67 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[80] | 68 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[79] |  |
Uyghurs (Ürümqi)  | Turkic, Karluk  | 49 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[81] | 49 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[81] |  |  | 49 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[81] | 49 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[81] | 49 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[81] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Uyghurs (Northwest China)  | Turkic, Karluk  |  |  | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[82] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[82] |  |  | 50 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[82] |  |  |  |  |  |
Uyghurs (Ürümqi)  | Turkic, Karluk  | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] |  |  | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] |  |  | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] |  |  | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] |  |
Uyghurs (Yili)  | Turkic, Karluk  | 39 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] | 39 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] |  |  | 39 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] |  |  | 39 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] |  |  | 39 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[83] |  |  |  |  |  |
Uzbeks  | Turkic, Karluk  | 366 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 366 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 366 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 366 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] |  |  | 28 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[78] |  |  | 28 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[78] |  |  | 366 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] |  |
Vanniyar  | Dravidian (Southern)  | 25 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 25 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] |  |  | 25 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 25 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 25 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 25 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] |  |
Vellalar  | Dravidian (Southern)  | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[14] |  |
Welsh (Anglesey)  | IE (Celtic)  | 88 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
78/88[53] | 88 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[53] | 196 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[4] | 88 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[53] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Yagnobis  | IE (Iranian, NE)  | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
10/31[61] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
5/31[61] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] |  |  | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
10/31[61] | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[61] |  |  |  |  | 31 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
3/31[61] |  |
Yakuts  | Turkic, Siberia  | 155 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[44] | 155 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[44] | 155 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".[44] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 155 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
137/155[44] |  |  |  |  |  |
Yakuts  | Turkic, Siberia  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10 | Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".
8/10[12] |  |  |  |  |  |
Population  | Language family[1] | n[2] | R1b[3] | n | R1a  | n | I  | n | E1b1b  | n | E1b1a  | n | J | n | G  | n | N  | n | T  | n | L  | n | H

Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".

Phylogenetic tree of human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups [χ 1][χ 2]

| "Y-chromosomal Adam"
| A00 | A0-T [χ 3]
| A0 | A1 [χ 4]
| A1a | A1b
| A1b1 | BT
| B | CT
| DE | CF
| D | E |  | C | F
| F1 |  F2 |  F3 |  GHIJK
| G | HIJK
| IJK | H
| IJ | K
| I | J |  |  LT [χ 5] |  K2 [χ 6]
| L |  T |  |  K2a [χ 7] |  K2b [χ 8] |  K2c |  K2d | K2e [χ 9]
| K-M2313 [χ 10] |  |  K2b1 [χ 11] | P [χ 12]
| NO |  | S [χ 13] |  M [χ 14] |  | P1 |  P2
| N | O |  |  | Q | R

* Y-DNA by population
* Y-DNA haplogroups of historic people

| Footnotes

1. ↑ "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation 35 (2): 187–91. 2014. doi:10.1002/humu.22468. PMID 24166809.
2. ↑ International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)
3. ↑ Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0'1'2'3'4).
4. ↑ Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4.
5. ↑ Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.
6. ↑ Between 2002 and 2008, Haplogroup T-M184 was known as "Haplogroup K2". That name has since been re-assigned to K-M526, the sibling of Haplogroup LT.
7. ↑ Haplogroup K2a (M2308) and its primary subclade K-M2313 were separated from Haplogroup NO (F549) in 2016. (This followed the publication of: "Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences". Nature Genetics 48 (6): 593–9. 2016. doi:10.1038/ng.3559. PMID 27111036. In the past, other haplogroups, including NO (M214) and K2e had also been identified with the name "K2a".
8. ↑ Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.
9. ↑ Haplogroup K2e (K-M147) was previously known as "Haplogroup X" and "K2a" (but is a sibling subclade of the present K2a).
10. ↑ K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.; YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, "K-M2335", and; PhyloTree, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree" (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017)
11. ↑ Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.
12. ↑ Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2.
13. ↑ Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.)
14. ↑ Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)

Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".

## See also

* Genetics
* Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups
* Human genome
* Genetic genealogy
* Genealogical DNA testing
* Race and genetics
* Genetic history
* Timeline of human evolution
* Recent African origin of modern humans
* Genetic history of the British Isles
* Genetic history of the Middle East
* Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia
* Genetic history of Europe
* Genetic history of Italy
* Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas
* Genetic studies on Jews

* Lists of Y-DNA haplogroups according to their distribution
* List of haplogroups of historical and famous figures
* Y-chromosome haplogroups in populations of the world
* Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe
* Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East
* Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa
* Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia
* Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Central and North Asia
* Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of East and Southeast Asia
* Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Sub-Saharan Africa
* Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Oceania
* Y-DNA haplogroups in indigenous peoples of the Americas
* Haplogroup G (Y-DNA) by country

|

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 IE=Indo-European
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 First column gives the amount of total Sample Size studied
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Second column gives the Percentage of the particular haplogroup among the Sample Size
4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 "Rootsi et al. (2004).". http://evolutsioon.ut.ee/publications/Rootsi2004.pdf.
5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 5.24 5.25 5.26 5.27 5.28 5.29 5.30 5.31 5.32 5.33 5.34 5.35 5.36 5.37 5.38 5.39 5.40 5.41 5.42 5.43 5.44 "Semino et al. (2004).". http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/AJHG_2004_v74_p1023-1034.pdf.
6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23 6.24 6.25 6.26 6.27 6.28 6.29 6.30 6.31 6.32 6.33 6.34 6.35 6.36 6.37 6.38 6.39 6.40 6.41 6.42 6.43 6.44 6.45 6.46 6.47 6.48 6.49 6.50 6.51 6.52 6.53 6.54 6.55 6.56 6.57 6.58 6.59 6.60 6.61 6.62 6.63 6.64 6.65 6.66 6.67 6.68 6.69 6.70 6.71 6.72 6.73 6.74 6.75 6.76 6.77 "The Genetic Legacy of Paleolithic *** sapiens sapiens in Extant Europeans: A Y Chromosome Perspective". Science 290 (5494): 1155–9. 2000. doi:10.1126/science.290.5494.1155. PMID 11073453. Bibcode: 2000Sci...290.1155S. http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/Science_2000_v290_p1155.pdf.
7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 7.24 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 7.30 7.31 7.32 7.33 7.34 7.35 7.36 7.37 7.38 7.39 7.40 7.41 7.42 7.43 7.44 7.45 7.46 7.47 7.48 7.49 7.50 7.51 7.52 "High-resolution phylogenetic analysis of southeastern Europe traces major episodes of paternal gene flow among Slavic populations". Molecular Biology and Evolution 22 (10): 1964–75. October 2005. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi185. PMID 15944443. http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/22/10/1964. Haplogroup frequency data in table 1
8. ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20 8.21 8.22 8.23 8.24 8.25 8.26 8.27 8.28 8.29 8.30 8.31 8.32 8.33 8.34 8.35 8.36 8.37 8.38 8.39 8.40 8.41 8.42 8.43 8.44 8.45 8.46 8.47 8.48 8.49 8.50 8.51 8.52 8.53 8.54 8.55 8.56 8.57 8.58 8.59 8.60 8.61 8.62 8.63 8.64 8.65 8.66 8.67 8.68 8.69 8.70 8.71 8.72 8.73 8.74 8.75 8.76 8.77 8.78 8.79 8.80 8.81 Bosch, E.; Calafell, F.; González-Neira, A.; Flaiz, C; Mateu, E.; Scheil, H. G.; Huckenbeck, W.; Efremovska, L. et al. (2006). "Paternal and maternal lineages in the Balkans show a homogeneous landscape over linguistic barriers, except for the isolated Aromuns". Annals of Human Genetics 70 (Pt 4): 459–87. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2005.00251.x. PMID 16759179.
9. ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 9.22 9.23 9.24 9.25 9.26 9.27 9.28 9.29 9.30 9.31 9.32 9.33 9.34 9.35 9.36 9.37 9.38 9.39 9.40 9.41 9.42 9.43 9.44 9.45 9.46 9.47 9.48 9.49 9.50 9.51 9.52 9.53 9.54 9.55 9.56 9.57 9.58 9.59 9.60 9.61 9.62 9.63 9.64 9.65 9.66 9.67 9.68 9.69 9.70 9.71 9.72 9.73 9.74 9.75 9.76 9.77 Battaglia, Vincenza; Fornarino, Simona; Al-Zahery, Nadia; Olivieri, Anna; Pala, Maria; Myres, Natalie M; King, Roy J; Rootsi, Siiri et al. (24 December 2008). "Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in southeast Europe". European Journal of Human Genetics 17 (6): 820–30. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2008.249. PMID 19107149. PMC 2947100. http://www.draganprimorac.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Battaglia.pdf.
10. ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 10.19 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 Nasidze et al., (2004)Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Variation in the Caucasus
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Although the chart here says J, this group has mainly only J2
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Y-chromosome haplogroup N dispersals from south Siberia to Europe. Derenko et al.". http://www.familytreedna.com/pdf/Derenko2007.pdf.
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Khar'kov, VN; Stepanov, VA; Medvedeva, OF; Spiridonova, MG; Voevoda, MI; Tadinova, VN; Puzyrev, VP (2007). "Gene pool differences between Northern and Southern Altaians inferred from the data on Y-chromosomal haplogroups". Genetika 43 (5): 675–87. doi:10.1134/S1022795407050110. PMID 17633562.
14. ↑ 14.00 14.01 14.02 14.03 14.04 14.05 14.06 14.07 14.08 14.09 14.10 14.11 14.12 14.13 14.14 14.15 14.16 14.17 14.18 14.19 14.20 14.21 14.22 14.23 14.24 14.25 14.26 14.27 14.28 14.29 14.30 14.31 14.32 14.33 14.34 14.35 14.36 14.37 14.38 14.39 14.40 14.41 14.42 14.43 14.44 14.45 14.46 14.47 14.48 14.49 14.50 14.51 14.52 14.53 14.54 14.55 14.56 14.57 14.58 14.59 14.60 14.61 14.62 14.63 14.64 14.65 14.66 14.67 14.68 14.69 14.70 14.71 14.72 14.73 14.74 14.75 14.76 14.77 14.78 14.79 14.80 14.81 14.82 14.83 14.84 14.85 14.86 14.87 14.88 14.89 14.90 14.91 14.92 14.93 14.94 14.95 14.96 14.97 Sengupta, S; Zhivotovsky, LA; King, R; Mehdi, SQ; Edmonds, CA; Chow, CE; Lin, AA; Mitra, M et al. (2006). "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists". American Journal of Human Genetics 78 (2): 202–21. doi:10.1086/499411. PMID 16400607.
15. ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13 15.14 15.15 15.16 15.17 Semino, O; Santachiara-Benerecetti, AS; Falaschi, F; Cavalli-Sforza, LL; Underhill, PA (2002). "Ethiopians and Khoisan Share the Deepest Clades of the Human Y-Chromosome Phylogeny". American Journal of Human Genetics 70 (1): 265–8. doi:10.1086/338306. PMID 11719903.
16. ↑ 16.00 16.01 16.02 16.03 16.04 16.05 16.06 16.07 16.08 16.09 16.10 16.11 16.12 16.13 16.14 16.15 16.16 16.17 16.18 16.19 16.20 16.21 16.22 16.23 16.24 16.25 16.26 16.27 16.28 16.29 16.30 16.31 16.32 16.33 16.34 16.35 16.36 16.37 16.38 16.39 16.40 16.41 16.42 16.43 16.44 16.45 16.46 16.47 16.48 16.49 16.50 16.51 16.52 16.53 16.54 16.55 16.56 16.57 16.58 16.59 16.60 16.61 16.62 16.63 16.64 16.65 16.66 16.67 16.68 16.69 Yunusbaev 2006
17. ↑ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 Arredi, B; Poloni, ES; Paracchini, S; Zerjal, T; Fathallah, DM; Makrelouf, M; Pascali, VL; Novelletto, A et al. (2004). "A Predominantly Neolithic Origin for Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in North Africa". American Journal of Human Genetics 75 (2): 338–45. doi:10.1086/423147. PMID 15202071.
18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 Robino, C; Crobu, F; Di Gaetano, C; Bekada, A; Benhamamouch, S; Cerutti, N; Piazza, A; Inturri, S et al. (2008). "Analysis of Y-chromosomal SNP haplogroups and STR haplotypes in an Algerian population sample". International Journal of Legal Medicine 122 (3): 251–5. doi:10.1007/s00414-007-0203-5. PMID 17909833.
19. ↑ 19.00 19.01 19.02 19.03 19.04 19.05 19.06 19.07 19.08 19.09 19.10 19.11 19.12 19.13 19.14 19.15 19.16 19.17 19.18 19.19 19.20 19.21 19.22 Nebel, A; Filon, D; Brinkmann, B; Majumder, PP; Faerman, M; Oppenheim, A (2001). "The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East". American Journal of Human Genetics 69 (5): 1095–112. doi:10.1086/324070. PMID 11573163.
20. ↑ 20.00 20.01 20.02 20.03 20.04 20.05 20.06 20.07 20.08 20.09 20.10 20.11 20.12 20.13 20.14 20.15 20.16 20.17 Luis, JR; Rowold, DJ; Regueiro, M; Caeiro, B; Cinnioğlu, C; Roseman, C; Underhill, PA; Cavalli-Sforza, LL et al. (2004). "The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: Evidence for Bidirectional Corridors of Human Migrations". American Journal of Human Genetics 74 (3): 532–44. doi:10.1086/382286. PMID 14973781. PMC 1182266. http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/AJHG_2004_v74_p000-0130.pdf. (Errata )
21. ↑ 21.00 21.01 21.02 21.03 21.04 21.05 21.06 21.07 21.08 21.09 21.10 21.11 21.12 21.13 21.14 21.15 21.16 21.17 21.18 21.19 21.20 21.21 21.22 21.23 21.24 21.25 21.26 21.27 21.28 Cadenas, Alicia M; Zhivotovsky, Lev A; Cavalli-Sforza, Luca L; Underhill, PA; Herrera, RJ (2008). "Y-chromosome diversity characterizes the Gulf of Oman". European Journal of Human Genetics 16 (3): 374–86. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201934. PMID 17928816.
22. ↑ 22.00 22.01 22.02 22.03 22.04 22.05 22.06 22.07 22.08 22.09 Abu-Amero, KK; Hellani, A; González, AM; Larruga, JM; Cabrera, VM; Underhill, PA (2009). "Saudi Arabian Y-Chromosome diversity and its relationship with nearby regions". BMC Genetics 10. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-10-59. PMID 19772609.
23. ↑ 23.00 23.01 23.02 23.03 23.04 23.05 23.06 23.07 23.08 23.09 23.10 23.11 23.12 23.13 23.14 23.15 23.16 23.17 23.18 23.19 23.20 23.21 23.22 23.23 23.24 23.25 23.26 23.27 23.28 23.29 23.30 23.31 23.32 23.33 23.34 23.35 23.36 23.37 23.38 23.39 23.40 23.41 23.42 23.43 23.44 23.45 23.46 23.47 23.48 23.49 23.50 23.51 23.52 23.53 23.54 23.55 23.56 23.57 23.58 23.59 23.60 23.61 23.62 23.63 23.64 23.65 97/445, O. Hassan et al. (2008), Y-Chromosome Variation Among Sudanese: Restricted Gene Flow, Concordance With Language, Geography, and History , American journal of physical anthropology
24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 24.6 24.7 24.8 U.-D. Immela, M. Erhumab, T. Mustafac, M. Kleibera and M. Klintschara, "Population genetic analysis in a Libyan population using the PowerPlex 16 system," International Congress Series Volume 1288, April 2006, Pages 421-423
25. ↑ 25.00 25.01 25.02 25.03 25.04 25.05 25.06 25.07 25.08 25.09 25.10 25.11 25.12 25.13 25.14 25.15 25.16 25.17 25.18 25.19 25.20 25.21 25.22 25.23 25.24 25.25 25.26 25.27 25.28 25.29 25.30 25.31 25.32 25.33 25.34 25.35 25.36 25.37 25.38 25.39 25.40 25.41 25.42 25.43 25.44 25.45 25.46 25.47 25.48 25.49 25.50 25.51 25.52 25.53 25.54 25.55 25.56 25.57 25.58 25.59 25.60 25.61 25.62 25.63 25.64 25.65 25.66 25.67 25.68 25.69 25.70 25.71 25.72 25.73 25.74 25.75 25.76 25.77 Rosser et al. (2000)
26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 Michael E. Weale, Levon Yepiskoposyan, Rolf F. Jager, Nelli Hovhannisyan, Armine Khudoyan, Oliver Burbage-Hall, Neil Bradman, Mark G. Thomas, "Armenian Y chromosome haplotypes reveal strong regional structure within a single ethno-national group," Human Genetics (2001) 109 : 659–674.
27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.5 27.6 Doron M. Behar, Daniel Garrigan, Matthew E. Kaplan et al., "Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome variation in Ashkenazi Jewish and host non-Jewish European populations," Human Genetics (2004) 114 : 354–365.
28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Nasidze2001
29. ↑ 29.00 29.01 29.02 29.03 29.04 29.05 29.06 29.07 29.08 29.09 Cruciani et al. (May 2004). "Phylogeographic Analysis of Haplogroup E3b (E-M215) Y Chromosomes Reveals Multiple Migratory Events Within and Out Of Africa". Am J Hum Genet 74 (5): 1014–1022. doi:10.1086/386294. PMID 15042509.
30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 grugni2012
31. ↑ Lobov. Y chromosome analysis in subpopulations of Bashkirs from Russia
32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 V. N. Kharkov, V. A. Stepanov, S. P. Feshchenko, S. A. Borinskaya, N. K. Yankovsky, and V. P. Puzyrev, "Frequencies of Y Chromosome Binary Haplogroups in Belarusians," Russian Journal of Genetics, Vol. 41, No. 8, 2005, pp. 928–931.
33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 33.4 Behar, Doron M.; Thomas, Mark G.; Skorecki, Karl et al. (2003). "Multiple Origins of Ashkenazi Levites: Y Chromosome Evidence for Both Near Eastern and European Ancestries". American Journal of Human Genetics 73 (4): 768–79. doi:10.1086/378506. PMID 13680527.
34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 Rouba, Hassan; Barakat, Abdelhamid; Harich, Nourdin; Reguig, Ahmed (April 2014). "Phylogeography of E1b1b1b-M81 Haplogroup and Analysis of Its Subclades in Morocco". Human Biology 86 (2): 105–113. doi:10.3378/027.086.0204. ISSN 0018-7143. PMID 25397701. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol_preprints/53.
35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Fadhlaoui-Zid, Karima; Martinez-Cruz, Begona; Khodjet-el-khil, Houssein; Mendizabal, Isabel; Elgaaied, Amel; Comas, David (1 October 2011). "Genetic Structure of Tunisian Ethnic Groups Revealed by Paternal Lineages". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 146 (2): 271–80. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21581. PMID 21915847. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51629627.
36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 36.4 36.5 Qamar, Raheel (May 2002). "Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in Pakistan". American Journal of Human Genetics 70 (1107–1124): 1107–24. doi:10.1086/339929. PMID 11898125.
37. ↑ 37.00 37.01 37.02 37.03 37.04 37.05 37.06 37.07 37.08 37.09 37.10 37.11 37.12 37.13 37.14 37.15 37.16 37.17 37.18 37.19 37.20 Helgason, Agnar et al. (2000). "Estimating Scandinavian and Gaelic Ancestry in the Male Settlers of Iceland". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 67 (3): 697–717. doi:10.1086/303046. PMID 10931763. PMC 1287529. http://www.ajhg.org/AJHG/abstract/S0002-9297(07)63256-X.
38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.3 38.4 38.5 "Bulgarian_Y_Table". https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1V2iMgYjZzk_wRxCbVR7ZdA1EYrnId26b91gVRJDMPJQ/edit?hl=en_US&pli=1#gid=3.
39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.5 39.6 Karachanak, Sena; Fornarino, Simona; Grugni, Viola; Semino, Ornella; Toncheva, Draga; Galabov, Angel; Atanasov, Boris (2009). "Y-Chromosomal Haplogroups in Bulgarians". Comptes Rendus de l'Académie Bulgare des Sciences 62 (3): 393–400. INIST:21359873. ISSN 1310-1331. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265289655.
40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 40.5 40.6 40.7 Kivisild, Toomas, ed (2012). "Y-chromosome analysis in individuals bearing the Basarab name of the first dynasty of Wallachian kings". PLOS ONE 7 (7). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041803. PMID 22848614. Bibcode: 2012PLoSO...741803M.
41. ↑ 41.00 41.01 41.02 41.03 41.04 41.05 41.06 41.07 41.08 41.09 41.10 41.11 41.12 41.13 41.14 41.15 41.16 41.17 41.18 41.19 41.20 41.21 41.22 41.23 41.24 41.25 41.26 41.27 41.28 41.29 41.30 41.31 41.32 41.33 Firasat, Sadaf; Khaliq, Shagufta; Mohyuddin, Aisha; Papaioannou, Myrto; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Underhill, Peter A; Ayub, Qasim (2007). "Y-chromosomal evidence for a limited Greek contribution to the Pathan population of Pakistan". European Journal of Human Genetics 15 (1): 121–6. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201726. PMID 17047675.
42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 42.5 "Archived copy". http://www.ebc.ee/tymri00/PhD/2004/SRootsi_thesis.pdf.
43. ↑ 43.00 43.01 43.02 43.03 43.04 43.05 43.06 43.07 43.08 43.09 43.10 43.11 43.12 43.13 43.14 Oleg Balanovsky et al., "Parallel Evolution of Genes and Languages in the Caucasus Region," Molecular Biology and Evolution 2011
44. ↑ 44.00 44.01 44.02 44.03 44.04 44.05 44.06 44.07 44.08 44.09 44.10 44.11 44.12 44.13 44.14 44.15 44.16 44.17 44.18 44.19 44.20 44.21 44.22 44.23 44.24 44.25 44.26 44.27 44.28 44.29 44.30 44.31 44.32 44.33 44.34 44.35 44.36 44.37 44.38 44.39 44.40 44.41 44.42 "Tambets et al. (2004)". http://evolutsioon.ut.ee/publications/Tambets2004PhD.pdf.
45. ↑ Barac et al. (2003)
46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 Veeramah, Krishna R (2010). "Little genetic differentiation as assessed by uniparental markers in the presence of substantial language variation in peoples of the Cross River region of Nigeria". BMC Evolutionary Biology 10 (1): 92. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-92. PMID 20356404. Bibcode: 2010BMCEE..10...92V. & Supplementary material
47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 47.4 47.5 Luca, F. et al. (2007). "Y-Chromosomal Variation in the Czech Republic". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 132 (1): 132–139. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20500. PMID 17078035. https://art.torvergata.it/bitstream/2108/35058/1/Luca_AJPA_2007.pdf.
48. ↑ 48.00 48.01 48.02 48.03 48.04 48.05 48.06 48.07 48.08 48.09 Bekada, Asmahan; Fregel, Rosa; Cabrera, Vicente M.; Larruga, José M.; Pestano, José; Benhamamouch, Soraya; González, Ana M. (19 February 2013). "Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape" (in en). PLOS ONE 8 (2). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775. ISSN 1932-6203. PMID 23431392. Bibcode: 2013PLoSO...856775B.
49. ↑ 49.00 49.01 49.02 49.03 49.04 49.05 49.06 49.07 49.08 49.09 Elizabeth T Wood, Daryn A Stover, Christopher Ehret et al., "Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome and mtDNA variation in Africa: evidence for sex-biased demographic processes," European Journal of Human Genetics (2005) 13, 867–876. cf. "Appendix A: Y Chromosome Haplotype Frequencies."
50. ↑ 50.000 50.001 50.002 50.003 50.004 50.005 50.006 50.007 50.008 50.009 50.010 50.011 50.012 50.013 50.014 50.015 50.016 50.017 50.018 50.019 50.020 50.021 50.022 50.023 50.024 50.025 50.026 50.027 50.028 50.029 50.030 50.031 50.032 50.033 50.034 50.035 50.036 50.037 50.038 50.039 50.040 50.041 50.042 50.043 50.044 50.045 50.046 50.047 50.048 50.049 50.050 50.051 50.052 50.053 50.054 50.055 50.056 50.057 50.058 50.059 50.060 50.061 50.062 50.063 50.064 50.065 50.066 50.067 50.068 50.069 50.070 50.071 50.072 50.073 50.074 50.075 50.076 50.077 50.078 50.079 50.080 50.081 50.082 50.083 50.084 50.085 50.086 50.087 50.088 50.089 50.090 50.091 50.092 50.093 50.094 50.095 50.096 50.097 50.098 50.099 50.100 50.101 50.102 50.103 50.104 50.105 50.106 50.107 50.108 50.109 50.110 50.111 50.112 50.113 50.114 50.115 50.116 50.117 50.118 50.119 50.120 50.121 50.122 50.123 50.124 50.125 50.126 50.127 50.128 50.129 50.130 Zalloua et al. (2008), Identifying Genetic Traces of Historical Expansions: Phoenician Footprints in the Mediterranean, The American Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 83, Issue 5, 633-642 17 November 2008
51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 51.3 51.4 51.5 51.6 [1] Y Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration - Michael E. Weale et al., Mol. Biol. Evol. 2002;19:1008–1021.
52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 52.3 52.4 52.5 Laitinen, Virpi; Lahermo, Päivi; Sistonen, Pertti; Savontaus, Marja-Liisa (2002). "Y-Chromosomal Diversity Suggests that Baltic Males Share Common Finno-Ugric-Speaking Forefathers". Human Heredity 53 (2): 68–78. doi:10.1159/000057985. PMID 12037406.
53. ↑ 53.00 53.01 53.02 53.03 53.04 53.05 53.06 53.07 53.08 53.09 [2] Genetic evidence for different male and female roles during cultural transitions in the British Isles - James F. Wilson et al., 5078–5083, PNAS, April 24, 2001, vol. 98, no. 9
54. ↑ 54.00 54.01 54.02 54.03 54.04 54.05 54.06 54.07 54.08 54.09 54.10 54.11 54.12 54.13 54.14 54.15 54.16 54.17 54.18 54.19 54.20 54.21 54.22 54.23 54.24 54.25 54.26 54.27 54.28 54.29 54.30 54.31 54.32 54.33 54.34 54.35 54.36 54.37 54.38 54.39 54.40 54.41 54.42 54.43 54.44 54.45 54.46 Alexander Varzari, "Population History of the Dniester-Carpathians: Evidence from Alu Insertion and Y-Chromosome Polymorphisms" (2006)
55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 55.2 55.3 55.4 55.5 55.6 "Distribution of Y-DNA haplogroups". http://www.robertgabel.de/haplosgermany_e.png.
56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 56.2 56.3 56.4 "Significant genetic differentiation between Poland and Germany follows present-day political borders, as revealed by Y-chromosome analysis". http://vetinari.sitesled.com/poland.pdf.
57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 King, R. J.; Özcan, S. S.; Carter, T.; Kalfoğlu, E.; Atasoy, S.; Triantaphyllidis, C.; Kouvatsi, A.; Lin, A. A. et al. (2008). "Differential Y-chromosome Anatolian Influences on the Greek and Cretan Neolithic". Annals of Human Genetics 72 (2): 205–214. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2007.00414.x. PMID 18269686.
58. ↑ Hungarian Bukovina DNA Project
59. ↑ 59.00 59.01 59.02 59.03 59.04 59.05 59.06 59.07 59.08 59.09 59.10 59.11 59.12 59.13 59.14 59.15 59.16 59.17 59.18 59.19 [M. Regueiro et al. (2006), "Iran: Tricontinental Nexus for Y-Chromosome Driven Migration"]
60. ↑ Youichi Sato et al. 2014, Overview of genetic variation in the Y chromosome of modern Japanese males J-STAGEトップ/Anthropological Science/122 巻 (2014) 3 号/書誌/全文 The Anthropological Society of Nippon
61. ↑ 61.00 61.01 61.02 61.03 61.04 61.05 61.06 61.07 61.08 61.09 61.10 61.11 61.12 61.13 61.14 61.15 61.16 61.17 61.18 61.19 61.20 61.21 61.22 61.23 61.24 61.25 61.26 61.27 61.28 61.29 61.30 61.31 61.32 61.33 61.34 61.35 61.36 61.37 61.38 61.39 61.40 R. Spencer Wells et al., "The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (August 28, 2001)
62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 62.2 62.3 Жабагин Максат Кизатович 2017,АНАЛИЗ СВЯЗИ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМА Y-ХРОМОСОМЫ И РОДОПЛЕМЕННОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ В КАЗАХСКОЙ ПОПУЛЯЦИИ ДИССЕРТАЦИЯ, ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ, НАУКИ ИНСТИТУТ ОБЩЕЙ ГЕНЕТИКИ им. Н.И. ВАВИЛОВА, РОССИЙСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ НАУК. Москва
63. ↑ 63.00 63.01 63.02 63.03 63.04 63.05 63.06 63.07 63.08 63.09 63.10 63.11 63.12 63.13 63.14 63.15 63.16 63.17 63.18 63.19 Mirabal S; Regueiro M; Cadenas AM et al. (March 2009). "Y-Chromosome distribution within the geo-linguistic landscape of northwestern Russia". Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 17 (10): 1260–73. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2009.6. PMID 19259129.
64. ↑ 64.00 64.01 64.02 64.03 64.04 64.05 64.06 64.07 64.08 64.09 Haber, Marc; Platt, Daniel; Badro, Danielle; Xue, Yali; El-Sibai, Mirvat; Ashrafian Bonab, Maziar; Youhanna, Sonia; Saade, Stephanie et al. (December 2010). "Influences of history, geography, and religion on genetic structure: the Maronites in Lebanon". European Journal of Human Genetics 19 (3): 334–340. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.177. PMID 21119711.
65. ↑ Pierre A. Zalloua et al., PY-Chromosomal Diversity in Lebanon Is Structured by Recent Historical Events (2008)
66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 Malaspina et al. (2003).
67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 67.2 67.3 67.4 67.5 67.6 "Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape". PLOS ONE 8 (2). 2013. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775. PMID 23431392. Bibcode: 2013PLoSO...856775B.
68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 Zegura, S. L. (31 October 2003). "High-Resolution SNPs and Microsatellite Haplotypes Point to a Single, Recent Entry of Native American Y Chromosomes into the Americas". Molecular Biology and Evolution 21 (1): 164–175. doi:10.1093/molbev/msh009. PMID 14595095.
69. ↑ Nasidze I. et al 2004, Genetic evidence concerning the origins of South and North Ossetians.
70. ↑ 70.00 70.01 70.02 70.03 70.04 70.05 70.06 70.07 70.08 70.09 70.10 B. A. Malyarchuk and M. V. Derenko - Gene Pool Structure of Russian Populations from the European Part of Russia Inferred from the Data on Y Chromosome Haplogroups Distribution // Russian Journal of Genetics, 2008, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 187–192.
71. ↑ 71.00 71.01 71.02 71.03 71.04 71.05 71.06 71.07 71.08 71.09 71.10 71.11 71.12 71.13 71.14 71.15 71.16 71.17 71.18 71.19 71.20 71.21 71.22 71.23 71.24 71.25 71.26 71.27 71.28 71.29 71.30 71.31 71.32 71.33 71.34 71.35 71.36 71.37 71.38 71.39 71.40 71.41 71.42 71.43 71.44 71.45 71.46 71.47 71.48 71.49 71.50 71.51 71.52 71.53 71.54 71.55 Oleg Balanovsky, Siiri Rootsi, Andrey Pshenichnov et al., "Two Sources of the Russian Patrilineal Heritage in Their Eurasian Context," American Journal of Human Genetics 82, 236–250, January 2008.
72. ↑ 72.00 72.01 72.02 72.03 72.04 72.05 72.06 72.07 72.08 72.09 Karlsson, Andreas O; Wallerström, Thomas; Götherström, Anders; Holmlund, Gunilla (2006). "Y-chromosome diversity in Sweden – A long-time perspective". European Journal of Human Genetics 14 (8): 963–70. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201651. PMID 16724001.
73. ↑ Raito et al.
74. ↑ 74.00 74.01 74.02 74.03 74.04 74.05 74.06 74.07 74.08 74.09 74.10 74.11 74.12 74.13 74.14 74.15 74.16 74.17 Sanchez, Juan J; Hallenberg, Charlotte; Børsting, Claus; Hernandez, Alexis; Morling, Niels (2005). "High frequencies of Y chromosome lineages characterized by E3b1, DYS19-11, DYS392-12 in Somali males". European Journal of Human Genetics 13 (7): 856–66. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201390. PMID 15756297.
75. ↑ 75.0 75.1 75.2 75.3 75.4 75.5 T. Lappalainen, V. Laitinen, E. Salmela et al., "Migration Waves to the Baltic Sea Region," Annals of Human Genetics (2008).
76. ↑ 76.0 76.1 76.2 76.3 76.4 76.5 76.6 ArunKumar G, Soria-Hernanz DF, Kavitha VJ, Arun VS, Syama A, Ashokan KS, et al. (2012) Population Differentiation of Southern Indian Male Lineages Correlates with Agricultural Expansions Predating the Caste System. PLoS ONE 7(11): e50269. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050269
77. ↑ 77.0 77.1 77.2 77.3 77.4 77.5 77.6 77.7 Cinnioglu et al. (2004)
78. ↑ 78.0 78.1 78.2 Zerjal, Tatiana; Wells, R. Spencer; Yuldasheva, Nadira; Ruzibakiev, Ruslan; Tyler-Smith, Chris (September 2002). "A Genetic Landscape Reshaped by Recent Events: Y-Chromosomal Insights into Central Asia". American Journal of Human Genetics 71 (466–482): 466–82. doi:10.1086/342096. PMID 12145751.
79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 79.2 79.3 79.4 79.5 79.6 79.7 Karafet, Tatiana et al. (September 2001). "Paternal Population History of East Asia: Sources, Patterns, and Microevolutionary Processes". American Journal of Human Genetics 69 (615–628): 615–28. doi:10.1086/323299. PMID 11481588.
80. ↑ 80.0 80.1 Michael F. Hammer, Tatiana M. Karafet, Hwayong Park, Keiichi Omoto, Shinji Harihara, Mark Stoneking and Satoshi Horai, "Dual origins of the Japanese: common ground for hunter-gatherer and farmer Y chromosomes," Journal of Human Genetics Volume 51, Number 1 / January, 2006.
81. ↑ 81.0 81.1 81.2 81.3 81.4 Ruixia Zhou, Daqun Yang, Hua Zhang, Weiping Yu, Lizhe An, Xilong Wang, Hong Li, Jiujin Xu, and Xiaodong Xie, "Origin and evolution of two Yugur sub-clans in Northwest China: a case study in paternal genetic landscape," Annals of Human Biology (2008), 35:2, 198 — 211.
82. ↑ 82.0 82.1 82.2 Shou et al (2010), Y-chromosome distributions among populations in Northwest China identify significant contribution from Central Asian pastoralists and lesser influence of western Eurasians, Journal of Human Genetics 55, 314-322 (May 2010) | doi:10.1038/jhg.2010.30, Link to the table of haplogroup distribution and Y-chromosome diversity in 14 northwestern populations
83. ↑ 83.00 83.01 83.02 83.03 83.04 83.05 83.06 83.07 83.08 83.09 83.10 83.11 Yali Xue, Tatiana Zerjal, Weidong Bao, Suling Zhu, Qunfang Shu, Jiujin Xu, Ruofu Du, Songbin ***, Pu Li, Matthew E. Hurles, Huanming Yang, Chris Tyler-Smith, "Male demography in East Asia: a north-south contrast in human population expansion times," Genetics 2006.

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## External links

* World Haplogroups Maps
* Phylogeography of Y-Chromosome Haplogroup I Reveals Distinct Domains of Prehistoric Gene Flow in Europe
* Y-chromosome haplogroup N dispersals from south Siberia to Europe
* A Synthesis of Haplogroup R2
* High-Resolution Phylogenetic Analysis of Southeastern Europe (SEE) Traces Major Episodes of Paternal Gene Flow Among Slavic Populations
* A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios \- Appears to be Indian nationalistic declined ...
* Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists
* Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Variation in the Caucasus
* YunusbaevBB
* Map and tree based upon the current YCC 2003 tree
* Frequencies of Haplogroup I and its Subhaplogroups

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