Celsius (microarchitecture)

Short description: GPU microarchitecture by Nvidia

Nvidia CelsiusRelease date| 1999-2005 1999

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Architecture| Celsius
Fabrication process| 220 nm, 180nm, 150 nm
API support
Direct3D| 7.0
OpenGL| 1.2 (1.5)
History
Predecessor| Fahrenheit
Successor| Kelvin

Celsius is the codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, and released in 1999, as the successor to Fahrenheit (NV4, NV3...)[1] microarchitecture. It was named with reference to Celsius and used with the GeForce 256 and GeForce 2 series.

## Contents

* 1 Graphics features
* 2 Chips
* 2.1 GeForce 256
* 2.2 GeForce 2 series
* 3 GPU list
* 3.1 GeForce 256
* 3.2 GeForce 2 series
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Graphics features

* DirectX 7.0
* OpenGL 1.2 (1.5)[2][3]
* Max VRAM size bumped to 128MB

## Chips

### GeForce 256

* NV10, 17 million transistor[4]

### GeForce 2 series

* NV11, 20 million transistor[5]
* NV15, 25 million transistor[6]
* NV17, 29 million transistor[7]
* NV18, 29 million transistor
* Crush11, 20 million transistor[8]
* Crush17, 29 million transistor[9]

## GPU list

### GeForce 256

Model  | Launch  | Code name | Fab (nm)  | Bus interface  | Core clock (MHz)  | Memory clock (MHz)  | Core config1 | Fillrate | Memory  | Processing power (GFLOPS)

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MOperations/s  | MPixels/s  | MTexels/s  | MVertices/s  | Size (MB)  | Bandwidth (GB/s)  | Bus type  | Bus width (bit)  | Single precision
GeForce 256 SDR  | 11 October 1999  | NV10  | TSMC 220 nm  | AGP 4×

PCI

| 120  | 166  | 4:4:4  | 480  | 480  | 480  | 0  | 32

| 2.656  | SDR  | 128  | 50
GeForce 256 DDR  | 13 December 1999  | 150  | 4.8  | DDR

### GeForce 2 series

Model  | Launch  | Code name | Fab (nm)  | Bus interface  | Core clock (MHz)  | Memory clock (MHz)  | Core config1 | Fillrate | Memory

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MOperations/s  | MPixels/s  | MTexels/s  | MVertices/s  | Size (MB)  | Bandwidth (GB/s)  | Bus type  | Bus width (bit)
GeForce2 MX IGP + nForce 220/420  | 4 June 2001  | NV1A (IGP) / NV11 (MX)  | TSMC 180 nm  | FSB  | 175  | 133  | 2:4:2  | 350  | 350  | 700  | 0  | Up to 32 system RAM  | 2.128

4.256

| DDR  | 64

128

GeForce2 MX200  | 3 March 2001  | AGP 4×

PCI

| 166  | 32

| 1.328  | SDR  | 64
GeForce2 MX  | 28 June 2000  | 2.656  | 128
GeForce2 MX400  | 3 March 2001  | 200  | 166,200 (SDR)

166 (DDR)

| 400  | 400  | 800  | 2.656, 3.200  | SDR

DDR

| 128 (SDR)

64 (DDR)

GeForce2 GTS  | 26 April 2000  | NV15  | AGP 4×  | 166  | 4:8:4  | 800  | 800  | 1600  | 5.312  | DDR  | 128
GeForce2 Pro  | 5 December 2000  | 200  | 6.4
GeForce2 Ti  | 1 October 2001  | TSMC 150 nm  | 250  | 1000  | 1000  | 2000
GeForce2 Ultra  | 14 August 2000  | NV16  | TSMC 180 nm  | 230  | 64  | 7.36
Model  | Launch  | Code name | Fab (nm)  | Bus interface  | Core clock (MHz)  | Memory clock (MHz)  | Core config1 | MOperations/s  | MPixels/s  | MTexels/s  | MVertices/s  | Size (MB)  | Bandwidth (GB/s)  | Bus type  | Bus width (bit)
Fillrate | Memory

## See also

* List of Nvidia graphics processing units
* Scalable Link Interface (SLI)
* Qualcomm Adreno

## References

1. ↑ "CodeNames". https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/CodeNames.html.
2. ↑ "GPU chips — envytools git documentation". https://envytools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/hw/gpu.html.
3. ↑ "TechPowerUp" (in en). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/?architecture=Celsius&sort=generation.
4. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce 256 DDR Specs" (in en). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce-256-ddr.c734.
5. ↑ "NVIDIA NV11 GPU Specs" (in en). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/nvidia-nv11.g166.
6. ↑ "NVIDIA NV15 GPU Specs" (in en). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/nvidia-nv15.g339.
7. ↑ "NVIDIA NV17 GPU Specs" (in en). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/nvidia-nv17.g632.
8. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce2 MX + nForce 220 Specs" (in en). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce2-mx-nforce-220.c2013.
9. ↑ "NVIDIA GeForce4 MX + nForce2 Specs" (in en). https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/geforce4-mx-nforce2.c2014.

## External links

* v
* t
* e

Nvidia

GeForce (List of GPUs)

| Fixed pixel pipeline|

| Pre-GeForce|

* NV1
* NV2

* RIVA 128
* RIVA TNT
* TNT2

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* GeForce 256
* 2
* 4 MX

Vertex and pixel shaders|

* GeForce 3
* 4 Ti
* FX
* 6
* 7

Unified shaders|

* GeForce 8
* 9
* 100
* 200
* 300
* 400
* 500

Unified shaders & NUMA|

* GeForce 600
* 700
* 800M
* 900
* 10
* 16

Ray tracing|

* GeForce 20

Software and technologies

| Multimedia
acceleration|

* NVENC (video encoding)
* PureVideo (video decoding)

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Software|

* Cg (shading language)
* CUDA
* Gelato (offline renderer)
* Nvidia GameWorks
* OptiX (ray tracing API)
* PhysX (physics SDK)
* Nvidia RTX (ray tracing platform)
* Nvidia System Tools
* VDPAU (video decode API)

Technologies|

* Nvidia 3D Vision (stereo 3D)
* Nvidia G-Sync (variable refresh rate)
* Nvidia Optimus (GPU switching)
* Nvidia Surround (multi-monitor)
* NVLink (protocol)
* Scalable Link Interface (multi-GPU)
* TurboCache (framebuffer in system memory)

GPU microarchitectures|

* Tesla
* Fermi
* Kepler
* Maxwell
* Pascal
* Volta
* Turing
* Ampere
* Hopper

Other products

| Graphics processing|

* Nvidia Quadro
* Quadro Plex

|

GPGPU|

* Nvidia Tesla
* DGX

Console components|

* NV2A (Xbox)
* RSX 'Reality Synthesizer' (PlayStation 3)
* Tegra NX-SoC (Nintendo Switch)

Nvidia Shield|

* Shield Portable
* Shield Tablet
* Shield Android TV
* GeForce Now

SoCs and embedded|

* GoForce
* Drive
* Jetson
* Tegra

CPUs|

* Project Denver

Computer chipsets|

* nForce

Company

| Key people|

* Jen-Hsun Huang
* Chris Malachowsky
* Curtis Priem
* David Kirk
* Bill Dally
* Debora Shoquist
* Ranga Jayaraman
* Jonah M. Alben

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Acquisitions|

* 3dfx Interactive
* Ageia
* ULi
* Icera
* Mental Images
* PortalPlayer
* Exluna
* MediaQ
* Stexar

* v
* t
* e

Graphics processing unit

GPU|

| Desktop|

* Intel
* GT
* Nvidia
* GeForce
* Quadro
* Tesla
* AMD
* Radeon
* Pro
* Instinct
* Matrox
* InfiniteReality
* µPD7220
* Voodoo

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Mobile|

* Adreno
* Apple
* Mali
* PowerVR
* VideoCore

Architecture|

* Compute kernel
* Fabrication
* CMOS
* FinFET
* MOSFET
* Graphics pipeline
* Geometry
* Vertex
* HDR rendering
* MAC
* Rasterisation
* Shading
* Ray-tracing
* SIMD
* SIMT
* Tessellation
* T&L
* Tiled rendering
* Unified shader model

Components|

* Blitter
* Geometry processor
* Input–output memory management unit
* Render output unit
* Shader unit
* Stream processor
* Tensor unit
* Texture mapping unit
* Video display controller
* Video processing unit

Memory|

* DMA
* Framebuffer
* SGRAM
* GDDR
* GDDR3
* GDDR4
* GDDR5
* GDDR6
* HBM
* Memory bandwidth
* Memory controller
* Shared graphics memory
* Texture memory
* VRAM

Form factor|

* IP core
* Discrete graphics
* Clustering
* Switching
* External graphics
* Integrated graphics
* System on a chip

Performance|

* Clock rate
* Display resolution
* Fillrate
* Pixel/s
* Texel/s
* FLOP/s
* Frame rate
* Performance per watt
* Transistor count

Misc|

* 2D
* Scrolling
* Sprite
* Tile
* 3D
* GI
* Texture
* ASIC
* GPGPU
* Graphics library
* Hardware acceleration
* Image processing
* Compression
* Parallel computing
* Vector processor
* Video coding
* Codec
* VLIW

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