Arsenic pentachloride

Names
IUPAC name

arsenic pentachloride

Other names

arsenic(v) chloride

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 22441-45-8 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 30780127

PubChem CID

* 13643880

InChI

* InChI=1S/AsCl5/c2-1(3,4,5)6

Key: ZSRZHCIWJJKHAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

* Cl[As](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl

Properties

Chemical formula

| AsCl5
Molar mass | 252.1866 g/mol
Melting point |  −50 °C (−58 °F; 223 K)
Hazards
GHS pictograms |
GHS Signal word | Danger

GHS hazard statements

| H280, H350, H361, H370, H372

GHS precautionary statements

| P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P307+311, P308+313, P314, P321, P405, P410+403, P501
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):

PEL (Permissible)

| [1910.1018] TWA 0.010 mg/m3[1]

REL (Recommended)

| Ca C 0.002 mg/m3 [15-minute][1]

IDLH (Immediate danger)

| Ca [5 mg/m3 (as As)][1]
Structure

Molecular shape

| Trigonal Bipyramidal (D3h)
Related compounds

Related group 5 chlorides

| Phosphorus pentachloride
Antimony pentachloride

Related compounds

| Arsenic pentafluoride
Arsenic trichloride
Arsenic pentoxide

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Tracking categories (test):

* SizeSet

Arsenic pentachloride is a chemical compound of arsenic and chlorine[2] with the formula AsCl
5. This compound was first prepared in 1976 through the UV irradiation of arsenic trichloride, AsCl3, in liquid chlorine at −105 °C.[3] AsCl5 decomposes at around −50 °C. The structure of the solid was finally determined in 2001.[4] AsCl5 is similar to phosphorus pentachloride, PCl5 in having a trigonal bipyramidal structure where the equatorial bonds are shorter than the axial bonds (As-Cleq = 210.6 pm, 211.9 pm; As-Clax= 220.7 pm).

The pentachlorides of the elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl5 appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed the lanthanide contraction.

Although AsCl5 is quite unstable, adducts with phosphorus pentachloride and trimethylphosphine oxide are stable under standard conditions.[5]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0038". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0038.html.
2. ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
3. ↑ K. Seppelt (1976). "Arsenic Pentachloride, AsCl5". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 15 (6): 377–378. doi:10.1002/anie.197603771.
4. ↑ "Solid State Structures of AsCl5 and SbCl5". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 628 (4): 729–734. 2002. doi:10.1002/1521-3749(200205)628:4<729::AID-ZAAC729>3.0.CO;2-E.
5. ↑ Dasent, W. E. (1965). Nonexistent Compounds. New York: Marcel Dekker.

* v
* t
* e

Arsenic compounds

* AsBr3
* AsCl3
* AsCl5
* AsF3
* AsF5
* AsH3
* AsHgI4
* AsI3
* As2O3
* As2O5
* As2S3
* As2S5
* As2Se3
* As4S4

* v
* t
* e

Salts and covalent derivatives of the chloride ion

HCl |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiCl | BeCl2 | BCl3
B2Cl4 | CCl4 | NCl3
ClN3 | Cl2O
ClO2
Cl2O7 | ClF
ClF3
ClF5 | Ne
NaCl | MgCl2 | AlCl
AlCl3 | SiCl4 | P2Cl4
PCl3
PCl5 | S2Cl2
SCl2
SCl4 | Cl2 | Ar
KCl | CaCl
CaCl2 | ScCl3 | TiCl2
TiCl3
TiCl4 | VCl2
VCl3
VCl4
VCl5 | CrCl2
CrCl3
CrCl4 | MnCl2 | FeCl2
FeCl3 | CoCl2
CoCl3 | NiCl2 | CuCl
CuCl2 | ZnCl2 | GaCl2
GaCl3 | GeCl2
GeCl4 | AsCl3
AsCl5 | Se2Cl2
SeCl4 | BrCl | KrCl
RbCl | SrCl2 | YCl3 | ZrCl3
ZrCl4 | NbCl4
NbCl5 | MoCl2
MoCl3
MoCl4
MoCl5
MoCl6 | TcCl4 | RuCl3 | RhCl3 | PdCl2 | AgCl | CdCl2 | InCl
InCl2
InCl3 | SnCl2
SnCl4 | SbCl3
SbCl5 | Te3Cl2
TeCl4 | ICl
ICl3 | XeCl
XeCl2
CsCl | BaCl2 |  | HfCl4 | TaCl5 | WCl2
WCl3
WCl4
WCl5
WCl6 | Re3Cl9
ReCl4
ReCl5
ReCl6 | OsCl4 | IrCl2
IrCl3
IrCl4 | PtCl2
PtCl4 | AuCl
AuCl3 | Hg2Cl2,
HgCl2 | TlCl | PbCl2,
PbCl4 | BiCl3 | PoCl2,
PoCl4 | AtCl  | RnCl2
FrCl | RaCl2 |  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og
| ↓  |  |
LaCl3 | CeCl3 | PrCl3 | NdCl2,
NdCl3 | PmCl3 | SmCl2,
SmCl3 | EuCl2,
EuCl3 | GdCl3 | TbCl3 | DyCl2,
DyCl3 | HoCl3 | ErCl3 | TmCl2
TmCl3 | YbCl2
YbCl3 | LuCl3
AcCl3 | ThCl4 | PaCl5 | UCl3
UCl4
UCl5
UCl6 | NpCl4 | PuCl3 | AmCl2
AmCl3 | CmCl3 | BkCl3 | CfCl3 | EsCl3 | Fm  | Md  | No  | LrCl3

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*[CID]: Compound ID
*[H280]: Contains gas under pressure: may explode if heated
*[H350]: May cause cancer
*[H361]: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child
*[H370]: Causes damage to organs
*[H372]: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
*[P201]: Obtain special instructions before use
*[P202]: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood
*[P260]: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray
*[P264]: Wash … thoroughly after handling
*[P270]: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product
*[P281]: Use personal protective equipment as required
*[P307+311]: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician
*[P308+313]: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention
*[P314]: Get Medical advice/attention if you feel unwell
*[P321]: Specific treatment (see … on this label)
*[P405]: Store locked up
*[P410+403]: Protect from sunlight. Store in a well ventilated place
*[P501]: Dispose of contents/container to …
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