Dinitrogen trioxide

Names
IUPAC name

N-Oxonitramide[1]

Other names

* Nitrous anhydride
* Nitrogen sesquioxide

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 10544-73-7 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChEBI |

* CHEBI:29799 Y

ChemSpider |

* 55446 Y

EC Number |

* 234-128-5

PubChem CID

* 61526

UNII |

* 16E0524PXI Y

UN number | 2421

InChI

* InChI=1S/N2O3/c3-1-2(4)5 Y

Key: LZDSILRDTDCIQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

* InChI=1/N2O3/c3-1-2(4)5

Key: LZDSILRDTDCIQT-UHFFFAOYAC

SMILES

* [O-][N+](=O)N=O

Properties

Chemical formula

| N2O3
Molar mass | 76.011 g·mol−1
Appearance  | Deep blue liquid
Density |

* 1.447 g/cm3, liquid
* 1.783 g/cm3, gas

Melting point |  −100.7[2] °C (−149.3 °F; 172.5 K)
Boiling point |  3.5 °C (38.3 °F; 276.6 K) (dissociates[2])

Solubility in water

| reacts to form nitrous acid
Solubility | soluble in ether

Magnetic susceptibility (χ)

| −16.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure

Molecular shape

| planar, Cs

Dipole moment

| 2.122 D
Thermochemistry

Heat capacity (C)

| 65.3 J/(mol·K)

Std molar
entropy (S ~~o~~ 298)

| 314.63 J/(mol·K)

Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)

| 91.20 kJ/mol
Hazards
GHS pictograms |
GHS Signal word | Danger

GHS hazard statements

| HH270Script error: No such module "Preview warning".Category:GHS errors, HH310+H330Script error: No such module "Preview warning".Category:GHS errors, HH314Script error: No such module "Preview warning".Category:GHS errors

GHS precautionary statements

| P220, P244, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+330+331, P302+350, P303+361+353, P304+340, P305+351+338, P310, P320, P321, P322, P361, P363, P370+376, P403, P403+233, P405, P410+403
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)  |

Flash point | Non-flammable
Related compounds

Related compounds

* Nitrogen oxide
* Nitrous acid
* Nitrous oxide
* Nitric oxide
* Nitrogen dioxide
* Dinitrogen tetroxide
* Dinitrogen pentoxide
* Nitrogen trioxide

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Dinitrogen trioxide (also known as nitrous anhydride) is the inorganic compound with the formula N

3. It is a nitrogen oxide. It forms upon mixing equal parts of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide and cooling the mixture below −21°C (−6°F):[4]

•NO \+ •NO2 ⇌ N2O3

Dinitrogen trioxide is only isolable at low temperatures (i.e., in the liquid and solid phases). In liquid and solid states, it has a deep blue color.[2] At higher temperatures the equilibrium favors the constituent gases, with KD = 193 kPa (25°C).[5][clarification needed]

This compound is sometimes called "nitrogen trioxide", but this name properly refers to another compound, the (uncharged) nitrate radical •NO

## Structure and bonding

The major isomer of dinitrogen trioxide molecule contains an N–N bond. One of the numerous resonant structures of the molecule of dinitrogen trioxide is O=N–NO
2, which can be described as a nitroso group –N=O attached to a nitro group –NO
2 by a single bond between the two nitrogen atoms. Similar to nitronium nitrate, this molecule can also co-exist in equilibrium with an ionic gas called nitrosonium nitrite ([NO]+[NO2]–) [6]

Typically, N–N bonds are similar in length to that in hydrazine (145 pm). Dinitrogen trioxide, however, has an unusually long N–N bond at 186 pm. Some other nitrogen oxides also possess long N–N bonds, including dinitrogen tetroxide (175 pm). The N

3 molecule is planar and exhibits Cs symmetry. The dimensions displayed on the picture below come from microwave spectroscopy of low-temperature, gaseous N

3:[4]

The bond lengths and angles of dinitrogen trioxide.

ON-NO2 is considered as the "anhydride" of the unstable nitrous acid (HNO
2), and produces it when mixed with water, although an alternative structure might be anticipated for the true anhydride of nitrous acid (i.e., O=N–O–N=O). That isomer can be produced from the reaction of tetrabutylammonium nitrite and triflic anhydride in dichloromethane solution at −30°C.[7]

## References

1. ↑ "Dinitrogen trioxide". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/nitrogen trioxide#section=IUPAC-Name&fullscreen=true.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 444. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
3. ↑ "Dinitrogen trioxide" (in en). https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/61526#section=Safety-and-Hazards.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1984). Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford: Pergamon Press. pp. 521–22. ISBN 978-0-08-022057-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=OezvAAAAMAAJ&q=0-08-022057-6&dq=0-08-022057-6&source=bl&ots=m4tIRxdwSk&sig=XQTTjw5EN9n5z62JB3d0vaUEn0Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UoAWUN7-EM6ziQfyxIDoCQ&ved=0CD8Q6AEwBA.
5. ↑ Holleman, Arnold Frederik; Wiberg, Egon (2001), Wiberg, Nils, ed., Inorganic Chemistry, San Diego/Berlin: Academic Press/De Gruyter, ISBN 0-12-352651-5
6. ↑ Zakharov, I. I.; Zakharova, O. I. (2009-04-01). "Nitrosonium nitrite isomer of N2O3: Quantum-chemical data" (in en). Journal of Structural Chemistry 50 (2): 212–218. doi:10.1007/s10947-009-0031-1. ISSN 1573-8779. Bibcode: 2009JStCh..50..212Z. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10947-009-0031-1.
7. ↑ Reddy, G. Sudhakar; Suh, Elijah J.; Corey, E. J. (2022-06-17). "Nitrosyl Triflate and Nitrous Anhydride, Same Mode of Generation, but Very Different Reaction Pathways. Direct Synthesis of 1,2-Oxazetes, Nitroso or Bisoxazo Compounds from Olefins". Organic Letters 24 (23): 4202–4206. doi:10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01466. ISSN 1523-7052. PMID 35653176.

## External links

* National Pollutant Inventory – Oxides of nitrogen fact sheet
* Webelements: Compound data – dinitrogen trioxide
* Oxides of nitrogen – synthesis and uses
* Ivtantermo – thermodynamic properties of dinitrogen trioxide at a wide range of elevated temperatures

* v
* t
* e

Nitrogen species

* Hydrides:
* NH3
* NH4+
* NH2− MNH2
* N3−
* NH2OH
* N2H4
* N3–
* Organic:
* -NH2
* -CHR=NHR
* -CONHR2
* HCN
* CN−
* C2N2
* H2NCN
* CH2N2
* Oxides:
* N2O
* NO
* NO2
* N2O3
* N2O4
* N2O5
* H2N2O2
* H4N2O4
* HNO2
* HNO3
* HONO3
* HN2O2−
* N2O22−
* NO2−
* ONOO−
* NO3−
* NO43−
* O2NOO−
* NO+
* NO2+
* Halides:
* NF3
* NCl3
* NBr3
* NI3
* FN3
* ClN3
* BrN3
* NH2Cl
* NHCl2

Chemical formulas

* v
* t
* e

Oxygen compounds

* AgO
* Al2O3
* AmO2
* Am2O3
* As2O3
* As2O5
* Au2O3
* B2O3
* BaO
* BeO
* Bi2O3
* BiO2
* Bi2O5
* BrO2
* Br2O3
* Br2O5
* CO
* CO2
* C2O3
* CaO
* CaO2
* CdO
* CeO2
* Ce3O4
* Ce2O3
* ClO2
* Cl2O
* Cl2O3
* Cl2O4
* Cl2O6
* Cl2O7
* CoO
* Co2O3
* Co3O4
* CrO3
* Cr2O3
* Cr2O5
* Cr5O12
* CsO2
* Cs2O3
* CuO
* D2O
* Dy2O3
* Er2O3
* Eu2O3
* FeO
* Fe2O3
* Fe3O4
* Ga2O
* Ga2O3
* GeO
* GeO2
* H2O
* H218O
* H2O2
* HfO2
* HgO
* Hg2O
* Ho2O3
* I2O4
* I2O5
* I2O6
* I4O9
* In2O3
* IrO2
* KO2
* K2O2
* La2O3
* Li2O
* Li2O2
* Lu2O3
* MgO
* Mg2O3
* MnO
* MnO2
* Mn2O3
* Mn2O7
* MoO2
* MoO3
* Mo2O3
* NO
* NO2
* N2O
* N2O3
* N2O4
* N2O5
* NaO2
* Na2O
* Na2O2
* NbO
* NbO2
* Nd2O3
* OF2
* O2F2
* O3F2
* O4F2
* O2PtF6

Chemical formulas

* v
* t
* e

Oxides

Mixed oxidation states|

* Antimony tetroxide (Sb2O4)
* Cobalt(II,III) oxide (Co3O4)
* Europium(II,III) oxide (Eu3O4)
* Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe<sub>3O4)
* Lead(II,IV) oxide (Pb3O4)
* Manganese(II,III) oxide (Mn3O4)
* Silver(I,III) oxide (Ag2O2)
* Triuranium octoxide (U3O8)
* Carbon suboxide (C3O2)
* Mellitic anhydride (C12O9)
* [[Chemistry:Praseodymium(III,IV) Praseodymium(III,IV) oxide]] (Pr6O11)
* Terbium(III,IV) oxide (Tb4O7)

+1 oxidation state|

* Copper(I) oxide (Cu<sub>2O)
* Caesium oxide (Cs2O)
* Dicarbon monoxide (C2O)
* Dichlorine monoxide (Cl2O)
* Gallium(I) oxide (Ga2O)
* Lithium oxide (Li2O)
* Potassium oxide (K2O)
* Rubidium oxide (Rb2O)
* Silver oxide (Ag2O)
* Thallium(I) oxide (Tl2O)
* Sodium oxide (Na2O)
* Water (hydrogen oxide) (H2O)

+2 oxidation state|

* Aluminium(II) oxide (AlO)
* Barium oxide (BaO)
* Beryllium oxide (BeO)
* Cadmium oxide (CdO)
* Calcium oxide (CaO)
* Carbon monoxide (CO)
* Chromium(II) oxide (CrO)
* Cobalt(II) oxide (CoO)
* Copper(II) oxide (CuO)
* Europium(II) oxide (EuO)
* Germanium monoxide (GeO))
* Iron(II) oxide (FeO)
* Lead(II) oxide (PbO)
* Magnesium oxide (MgO)
* Manganese(II) oxide (MnO)
* Mercury(II) oxide (HgO)
* Nickel(II) oxide (NiO)
* Nitric oxide (NO)
* Palladium(II) oxide (PdO)
* Silicon monoxide (SiO)
* Strontium oxide (SrO)
* Sulfur monoxide (SO)
* Disulfur dioxide (S2O2)
* Thorium monoxide (ThO)
* Tin(II) oxide (SnO)
* Titanium(II) oxide (TiO)
* Vanadium(II) oxide (VO)
* Zinc oxide (ZnO)

+3 oxidation state|

* Aluminium oxide (Al<sub>2O3)
* Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3)
* Arsenic trioxide (As2O3)
* Bismuth(III) oxide (Bi2O3)
* Boron trioxide (B2O3)
* Cerium(III) oxide (Ce2O3)
* Dibromine trioxide (Br2O3)
* Chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3)
* Dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3)
* Dysprosium(III) oxide (Dy2O3)
* Erbium(III) oxide (Er2O3)
* Europium(III) oxide (Eu2O3)
* Gadolinium(III) oxide (Gd2O3)
* Gallium(III) oxide (Ga2O3)
* Holmium(III) oxide (Ho2O3)
* Indium(III) oxide (In<sub>2O3)
* Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)
* Lanthanum oxide (La2O3)
* Lutetium(III) oxide (Lu2O3)
* Manganese(III) oxide (Mn2O3)
* Neodymium(III) oxide (Nd2O3)
* Nickel(III) oxide (Ni2O3)
* Phosphorus trioxide (P4O6)
* Praseodymium(III) oxide (Pr2O3)
* Promethium(III) oxide (Pm2O3)
* Rhodium(III) oxide (Rh2O3)
* [[Chemistry:Samarium(III) Samarium(III) oxide]] (Sm2O3)
* Scandium oxide (Sc2O3)
* Terbium(III) oxide (Tb2O3)
* Thallium(III) oxide (Tl2O3)
* Thulium(III) oxide (Tm2O3)
* Titanium(III) oxide (Ti2O3)
* Tungsten(III) oxide (W2O3)
* Vanadium(III) oxide (V2O3)
* Ytterbium(III) oxide (Yb2O3)
* Yttrium(III) oxide (Y2O3)

+4 oxidation state|

* Americium dioxide (AmO2)
* Carbon dioxide (CO2)
* Carbon trioxide (CO3)
* Cerium(IV) oxide (CeO2)
* Chlorine dioxide (ClO2)
* Chromium(IV) oxide (CrO<sub>2)
* Dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4)
* Germanium dioxide (GeO<sub>2)
* [[Chemistry:Hafnium(IV) Hafnium(IV) oxide]] (HfO2)
* Lead dioxide (PbO2)
* Manganese dioxide (MnO2)
* Neptunium(IV) oxide (NpO2)
* Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
* Osmium dioxide (OsO2)
* Plutonium(IV) oxide (PuO2)
* Praseodymium(IV) oxide (PrO2)
* Protactinium(IV) oxide (PaO2)
* Rhodium(IV) oxide (RhO2)
* Ruthenium(IV) oxide (RuO<sub>2)
* Selenium dioxide (SeO2)
* Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
* Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
* Tellurium dioxide (TeO<sub>2)
* [[Chemistry:Terbium(IV) Terbium(IV) oxide]] (TbO2)
* Thorium dioxide (ThO2)
* Tin dioxide (SnO2)
* Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2)
* Tungsten(IV) oxide (WO2)
* Uranium dioxide (UO2)
* Vanadium(IV) oxide (VO2)
* Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

+5 oxidation state|

* Antimony pentoxide (Sb2O5)
* Arsenic pentoxide (As2O5)
* Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5)
* Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5)
* Phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5)
* Protactinium(V) oxide (Pa2O5)
* Tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5)
* Vanadium(V) oxide (V2O5)

+6 oxidation state|

* Chromium trioxide (CrO3)
* Molybdenum trioxide (MoO3)
* Rhenium trioxide (ReO3)
* Selenium trioxide (SeO3)
* Sulfur trioxide (SO3)
* Tellurium trioxide (TeO3)
* Tungsten trioxide (WO3)
* Uranium trioxide (UO3)
* Xenon trioxide (XeO3)
* Iridium trioxide (IrO3)

+7 oxidation state|

* Dichlorine heptoxide (Cl2O7)
* Manganese heptoxide (Mn2O7)
* [[Chemistry:Rhenium(VII) Rhenium(VII) oxide]] (Re2O7)
* Technetium(VII) oxide (Tc2O7)

+8 oxidation state|

* Osmium tetroxide (OsO4)
* Ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4)
* Xenon tetroxide (XeO4)
* Iridium tetroxide (IrO4)
* Hassium tetroxide (HsO4)

Related|

* Oxocarbon
* Suboxide
* Oxyanion
* Ozonide
* Peroxide
* Superoxide

Oxides are sorted by oxidation state. Category:Oxides

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