Lead telluride

Lead telluride[1][2][3] Names

Other names

Lead(II) telluride
Altaite

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 1314-91-6 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 3591410

EC Number |

* 215-247-1

PubChem CID

* 4389803

UNII |

* V1OG6OA4BJ Y

InChI

* InChI=1S/Pb.Te

Key: OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

* [Te]=[Pb]

Properties

Chemical formula

| PbTe
Molar mass | 334.80 g/mol
Appearance  | gray cubic crystals.
Density | 8.164 g/cm3
Melting point |  924 °C (1,695 °F; 1,197 K)

Solubility in water

| insoluble
Band gap | 0.25 eV (0 K)
0.32 eV (300 K)
Electron mobility | 1600 cm2 V−1 s−1 (0 K)
6000 cm2 V−1 s−1 (300 K)
Structure

Crystal structure

| Halite (cubic), cF8

Space group

| Fm3m, No. 225

Lattice constant

a = 6.46 Angstroms

Coordination geometry

| Octahedral (Pb2+)
Octahedral (Te2−)
Thermochemistry

Std molar
entropy (S ~~o~~ 298)

| 50.5 J·mol−1·K−1

Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)

| −70.7 kJ·mol−1

Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298)

| 110.0 J·mol−1·K−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet | External MSDS
GHS pictograms |
GHS Signal word | Danger

GHS hazard statements

| H302, H332, H351, H360, H373, H410

GHS precautionary statements

| P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P281, P301+312, P304+312, P304+340, P308+313, P312, P314, P330, P391, P405, P501
Flash point | Non-flammable
Related compounds

Other anions

| Lead(II) oxide
Lead(II) sulfide
Lead selenide

Other cations

| Carbon monotelluride
Silicon monotelluride
Germanium telluride
Tin telluride

Related compounds

| Thallium telluride
Bismuth telluride

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

PbTe unit cell

Lead telluride is a compound of lead and tellurium (PbTe). It crystallizes in the NaCl crystal structure with Pb atoms occupying the cation and Te forming the anionic lattice. It is a narrow gap semiconductor with a band gap of 0.32 eV.[4] It occurs naturally as the mineral altaite.

## Contents

* 1 Properties
* 2 Applications
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Properties

* Dielectric constant ~1000.
* Electron Effective mass ~ 0.01me
* Hole mobility, μp = 600 cm2 V−1 s−1 (0 K); 4000 cm2 V−1 s−1 (300 K)
* Seebeck coefficient: ~326 μV/K (undoped, at 300K), ~200 μV/K (Ag-doped)[5]

## Applications

PbTe has proven to be a very important intermediate thermoelectric material. The performance of thermoelectric materials can be evaluated by the figure of merit, ZT=S2σT/κ, in which S is the Seebeck coefficient, σ is the electrical conductivity and κ is the thermal conductivity. In order to improve the thermoelectric performance of materials, the power factor (S2σ) needs to be maximized and the thermal conductivity needs to be minimized.[6]

The PbTe system can be optimized for power generation applications by improving the power factor via band engineering. It can be doped either n-type or p-type with appropriate dopants. Halogens are often used as n-type doping agents. PbCl2, PbBr2 and PbI2 are commonly used to produce donor centers. Other n-type doping agents such as Bi2Te3, TaTe2, MnTe2, will substitute for Pb and create uncharged vacant Pb-sites. These vacant sites are subsequently filled by atoms from the lead excess and the valence electrons of these vacant atoms will diffuse through crystal. Common p-type doping agents are Na2Te, K2Te and Ag2Te. They substitute for Te and create vacant uncharged Te sites. These sites are filled by Te atoms which are ionized to create additional positive holes.[7] With band gap engineering, the maximum zT of PbTe has been reported to be 0.8 - 1.0 at ~650K.

Collaborations at Northwestern University boosted the zT of PbTe by significantly reducing its thermal conductivity using 'all-scale hierarchical architecturing'.[8] With this approach, point defects, nanoscale precipitates and mesoscale grain boundaries are introduced as effective scattering centers for phonons with different mean free paths, without affecting charge carrier transport. By applying this method, the record value for zT of PbTe that has been achieved in Na doped PbTe-SrTe system is approximately 2.2.[9]

In addition, PbTe is also often alloyed with tin to make lead tin telluride, which is used as an infrared detector material.

## See also

* Yellow Duckling, which used a lead telluride sensor to make the first infrared linescan camera

## References

1. ↑ Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 4–65, ISBN 978-0-8493-0594-8
2. ↑ CRC Handbook, pp. 5–24.
3. ↑ Lawson, William D (1951). "A method of growing single crystals of lead telluride and selenide". J. Appl. Phys. 22 (12): 1444–1447. doi:10.1063/1.1699890.
4. ↑ Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. (2009-10-07). "Nanostructured Thermoelectrics: The New Paradigm? †". Chemistry of Materials 22 (3): 648–659. doi:10.1021/cm902195j.
5. ↑ Martin, J.; Wang, Li; Chen, Lidong; Nolas, G. S. (2009-03-13). "Enhanced Seebeck coefficient through energy-barrier scattering in PbTe nanocomposites". Physical Review B 79 (11). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.79.115311. Bibcode: 2009PhRvB..79k5311M. https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.79.115311.
6. ↑ He, Jiaqing; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.; Dravid, Vinayak P. (2013-05-01). "High performance bulk thermoelectrics via a panoscopic approach". Materials Today 16 (5): 166–176. doi:10.1016/j.mattod.2013.05.004.
7. ↑ Dughaish, Z. H. (2002-09-01). "Lead telluride as a thermoelectric material for thermoelectric power generation". Physica B: Condensed Matter 322 (1–2): 205–223. doi:10.1016/S0921-4526(02)01187-0. Bibcode: 2002PhyB..322..205D.
8. ↑ Biswas, Kanishka; He, Jiaqing; Zhang, Qichun; Wang, Guoyu; Uher, Ctirad; Dravid, Vinayak P.; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. (2011-02-01). "Strained endotaxial nanostructures with high thermoelectric figure of merit". Nature Chemistry 3 (2): 160–166. doi:10.1038/nchem.955. ISSN 1755-4330. PMID 21258390. Bibcode: 2011NatCh...3..160B.
9. ↑ Biswas, Kanishka; He, Jiaqing; Blum, Ivan D.; Wu, Chun-I.; Hogan, Timothy P.; Seidman, David N.; Dravid, Vinayak P.; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. (2012-09-20). "High-performance bulk thermoelectrics with all-scale hierarchical architectures". Nature 489 (7416): 414–418. doi:10.1038/nature11439. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 22996556. Bibcode: 2012Natur.489..414B.

## External links

* National Pollutant Inventory Lead and compounds fact sheet
* Webelements

* v
* t
* e

Lead compounds

Pb(II)|

* PbBr2
* Pb(C5H5)2
* Pb(C2H3O2)2
* PbCl2
* PbCO3
* PbCrO4
* PbF2
* PbHAsO4
* PbI2
* Pb(NO3)2
* Pb(N3)2
* PbO
* Pb(OH)2
* Pb3(PO4)2
* PbS
* Pb(SCN)2
* PbSe
* PbSO4
* PbTe
* PbTiO3
* plumbite
* PbC2 (hypothetical)

Pb(II,IV)|

* Pb3O4

Pb(IV)|

* Pb(C2H3O2)4
* PbCl4
* PbF4
* PbH4
* PbO2
* PbS2
* plumbate
* Pb(OH)4 (hypothetical)

* v
* t
* e

Tellurides

| H2Te |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Li2Te | BeTe |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | B  | CTe2
(CH3)2Te | (NH4)2Te | O  | F  | Ne
Na2Te | MgTe |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Al2Te | Si  | P2Te5 | S  | Cl  | Ar
K2Te | CaTe | Sc2Te3 | Ti  | VTe2 | CrTe
Cr2Te3 | MnTe
MnTe2 | FeTe | CoTe | NiTe | CuTe | ZnTe | GaTe
Ga2Te3 | GeTe | As2Te3
As4Te3 | Se  | Br  | Kr
Rb2Te | SrTe | Y2Te3 | Zr  | NbTe2 | MoTe2 | Tc  | Ru  | Rh  | Pd  | Ag2Te | CdTe | In2Te3 | SnTe
SnTe2 | Sb2Te3 | Te2- | I  | Xe
Cs2Te | BaTe | *  | Hf  | TaTe2 | WTe2
WTe3 | ReTe2 | Os  | Ir  | Pt  | AuxTey | HgTe | Tl2Te | PbTe | Bi2Te3 | Po  | At  | Rn
Fr  | Ra  | **  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | ↓ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| * | La2Te3 | Ce2Te3 | Pr2Te3 | Nd2Te3 | Pm  | Sm2Te3 | Eu2Te3 | Gd  | Tb  | Dy  | Ho  | Er2Te3 | Tm2Te3 | Yb  | Lu  |
| ** | Ac  | ThTe2 | Pa  | UTe2 | Np  | Pu  | Am  | Cm  | Bk  | Cf  | Es  | Fm  | Md  | No  | Lr  |

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead telluride. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Chemistry:Lead_telluride&oldid=4028075"
*[CID]: Compound ID
*[H302]: Harmful if swallowed
*[H332]: Harmful if inhaled
*[H351]: Suspected of causing cancer
*[H360]: May damage fertility or the unborn child
*[H373]: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
*[H410]: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
*[P201]: Obtain special instructions before use
*[P202]: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood
*[P260]: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray
*[P261]: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray
*[P264]: Wash … thoroughly after handling
*[P270]: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product
*[P271]: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area
*[P273]: Avoid release to the environment
*[P281]: Use personal protective equipment as required
*[P301+312]: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell
*[P304+312]: IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell
*[P304+340]: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing
*[P308+313]: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention
*[P312]: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell
*[P314]: Get Medical advice/attention if you feel unwell
*[P330]: Rinse mouth
*[P391]: Collect spillage
*[P405]: Store locked up
*[P501]: Dispose of contents/container to …
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template