Magnesium nitrate

Names
IUPAC name

Magnesium nitrate

Other names

Nitromagnesite (hexahydrate)

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 10377-60-3 Y
* 15750-45-5 (dihydrate) N
* 13446-18-9 (hexahydrate) Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChEBI |

* CHEBI:64736 Y

ChemSpider |

* 23415 Y

EC Number |

* 233-826-7

PubChem CID

* 25212

RTECS number |

* OM3750000 (anhydrous)
OM3756000 (hexahydrate)

UNII |

* 77CBG3UN78 Y
* V85K20LJMK (hexahydrate) Y

UN number | 1474

InChI

* InChI=1S/Mg.2NO3/c;2*2-1(3)4/q+2;2*-1 N

Key: YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N

* InChI=1/Mg.2NO3/c;2*2-1(3)4/q+2;2*-1

Key: YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYAA

SMILES

* [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Mg+2]

Properties

Chemical formula

| Mg(NO3)2
Molar mass | 148.32 g/mol (anhydrous)
184.35 g/mol (dihydrate)
256.41 g/mol (hexahydr.)
Appearance  | White crystalline solid
Density | 2.3 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.0256 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
1.464 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)
Melting point |  129 °C (264 °F; 402 K) (dihydrate)
88.9 °C (hexahydrate)
Boiling point |  330 °C (626 °F; 603 K) decomposes

Solubility in water

| 71 g/100 mL (25 °C)[1]
Solubility | moderately soluble in ethanol, ammonia

Refractive index (nD)

| 1.34 (hexahydrate)
Structure

Crystal structure

| cubic
Thermochemistry

Heat capacity (C)

| 141.9 J/mol K

Std molar
entropy (S ~~o~~ 298)

| 164 J/mol K

Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)

| −790.7 kJ/mol

Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)

| −589.4 kJ/mol
Hazards
Main hazards | Irritant
Safety data sheet | External MSDS
GHS pictograms |
GHS Signal word | Warning

GHS hazard statements

| H272, H315, H319, H335

GHS precautionary statements

| P210, P220, P221, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+352, P304+340, P305+351+338, P312, P321, P332+313, P337+313, P362, P370+378, P403+233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)  |

Related compounds

Other anions

| Magnesium sulfate
Magnesium chloride

Other cations

| Beryllium nitrate
Calcium nitrate
Strontium nitrate
Barium nitrate

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Tracking categories (test):

* SizeSet

Magnesium nitrate refers to inorganic compounds with the formula Mg(NO3)2(H2O)x, where x = 6, 2, and 0. All are white solids.[2] The anhydrous material is hygroscopic, quickly forming the hexahydrate upon standing in air. All of the salts are very soluble in both water and ethanol.

## Contents

* 1 Occurrence, preparation, structure
* 2 Use
* 3 Reactions
* 4 References

## Occurrence, preparation, structure

Being highly water-soluble, magnesium nitrate occurs naturally only in mines and caverns as nitromagnesite (hexahydrate form).[3]

The magnesium nitrate used in commerce is made by the reaction of nitric acid and various magnesium salts.

Structure of [Mg(H2O)6]2+ in the dinitrate salt.[4]

## Use

The principal use is as a dehydrating agent in the preparation of concentrated nitric acid.[2]

Its fertilizer grade has 10.5% nitrogen and 9.4% magnesium, so it is listed as 10.5-0-0 + 9.4% Mg. Fertilizer blends containing magnesium nitrate also have ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate and micronutrients in most cases; these blends are used in the greenhouse and hydroponics trade.

## Reactions

Magnesium nitrate reacts with alkali metal hydroxide to form the corresponding nitrate:

Mg(NO3)2 \+ 2 NaOH → Mg(OH)2 \+ 2 NaNO3.

Since magnesium nitrate has a high affinity for water, heating the hexahydrate does not result in the dehydration of the salt, but rather its decomposition into magnesium oxide, oxygen, and nitrogen oxides:

2 Mg(NO3)2 → 2 MgO + 4 NO2 \+ O2.

The absorption of these nitrogen oxides in water is one possible route to synthesize nitric acid. Although inefficient, this method does not require the use of any strong acid.

It is also occasionally used as a desiccant.

## References

1. ↑ Lide, David R., ed (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Thiemann, Michael; Scheibler, Erich; Wiegand, Karl Wilhelm (2005). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_293. ISBN 3-527-30673-0.
3. ↑ Mindat, http://www.mindat.org/min-2920.html
4. ↑ Schefer, J.; Grube, M. (1995). "Low temperature structure of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, Mg (N O3)2 . 6(H2 O): a neutron diffraction study at 173 K". Materials Research Bulletin 30: 1235–1241. doi:10.1016/0025-5408(95)00122-0.

* Liquid Chemistry
* Nitromagnesite Mineral Data
* Magnesium Nitrate MSDS

* v
* t
* e

Magnesium compounds

* MgB2
* MgBr2
* MgCO3
* MgC2O4
* MgC6H6O7
* MgC14H10O4
* MgCl2
* Mg(ClO4)2
* MgF2
* MgH2
* Mg(HCO3)2
* MgI2
* Mg(NO3)2
* MgO
* MgO2
* Mg(OH)2
* MgPo
* MgS
* MgSO3
* MgSO4
* MgU2O7
* Mg2Al3
* Mg2Si
* Mg2SiO4
* Mg2Si3O8
* Mg3N2
* Mg3(PO4)2
* Mg2(CrO4)2

* v
* t
* e

Salts and covalent derivatives of the nitrate ion

HNO3 |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiNO3 | Be(NO3)2 | B(NO3)−4 | C  | NO−3,
NH4NO3 | O  | FNO3 | Ne
NaNO3 | Mg(NO3)2 | Al(NO3)3 | Si  | P  | S  | ClONO2 | Ar
KNO3 | Ca(NO3)2 | Sc(NO3)3 | Ti(NO3)4 | VO(NO3)3 | Cr(NO3)3 | Mn(NO3)2 | Fe(NO3)3,
Fe(NO3)2 | Co(NO3)2,
Co(NO3)3 | Ni(NO3)2 | Cu(NO3)2 | Zn(NO3)2 | Ga(NO3)3 | Ge  | As  | Se  | Br  | Kr
RbNO3 | Sr(NO3)2 | Y(NO3)3 | Zr(NO3)4 | Nb  | Mo  | Tc  | Ru  | Rh  | Pd(NO3)2 | AgNO3 | Cd(NO3)2 | In  | Sn  | Sb(NO3)3 | Te  | I  | Xe(NO3)2
CsNO3 | Ba(NO3)2 |  | Hf  | Ta  | W  | Re  | Os  | Ir  | Pt  | Au  | Hg2(NO3)2,
Hg(NO3)2 | Tl(NO3)3,
TlNO3 | Pb(NO3)2 | Bi(NO3)3
BiO(NO3) | Po  | At  | Rn
FrNO3 | Ra(NO3)2 |  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og
| ↓  |  |
La(NO3)3 | Ce(NO3)3,
Ce(NO3)4 | Pr  | Nd(NO3)3 | Pm  | Sm  | Eu(NO3)3 | Gd(NO3)3 | Tb(NO3)3 | Dy  | Ho  | Er  | Tm  | Yb  | Lu
Ac(NO3)3 | Th(NO3)4 | Pa  | UO2(NO3)2 | Np  | Pu  | Am  | Cm  | Bk  | Cf  | Es  | Fm  | Md  | No  | Lr

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*[CID]: Compound ID
*[H272]: May intensify fire: oxidizer
*[H315]: Causes skin irritation
*[H319]: Causes serious eye irritation
*[H335]: May cause respiratory irritation
*[P210]: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces – No smoking
*[P220]: Keep/Store away from clothing/…/combustible materials
*[P221]: Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles
*[P261]: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray
*[P264]: Wash … thoroughly after handling
*[P271]: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area
*[P280]: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection
*[P302+352]: IF ON SKIN: Wash with soap and water
*[P304+340]: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing
*[P305+351+338]: IF IN EYES: Rinse continuously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do – continue rinsing
*[P312]: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell
*[P321]: Specific treatment (see … on this label)
*[P332+313]: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention
*[P337+313]: Get medical advice/attention
*[P362]: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse
*[P370+378]: In case of fire: Use … for extinction
*[P403+233]: Store in a well ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed
*[P405]: Store locked up
*[P501]: Dispose of contents/container to …
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