Mebicar

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Mebicar

Clinical data
ATC code|

* N06BX21 (WHO)

Legal status
Legal status|

* US: Unscheduled; not FDA approved

Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life| 3h[1]
Identifiers

IUPAC name

* 1,3,4,6-Tetramethyltetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d]imidazole-2,5(1H,3H)-dione

CAS Number|

* 10095-06-4

PubChem CID|

* 122282

DrugBank|

* DB13522

ChemSpider|

* 109042

UNII|

* 55FE6NPG89

KEGG|

* D10508

Chemical and physical data
Formula| C8H14N4O2
Molar mass| 198.226 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)|

* Interactive image

SMILES

* CN1C2C(N(C1=O)C)N(C(=O)N2C)C

InChI

* InChI=1S/C8H14N4O2/c1-9-5-6(11(3)7(9)13)12(4)8(14)10(5)2/h5-6H,1-4H3

* Key:XIUUSFJTJXFNGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Mebicar (or tetramethylglycoluril) is an anxiolytic medication produced by Latvian pharmaceutical company Olainfarm and sold in Latvia and Russia under the brand name Adaptol.[2]

Mebicar has an effect on the structure of limbic-reticular activity, particularly on hypothalamus emotional zone, as well as on all 4 basic neuromediator systems – γ aminobutyric acid (GABA), choline, serotonin and adrenergic activity. Mebicar decreases the brain noradrenaline level, exerts no effect on the dopaminergic systems, increases the brain serotonin level, and does not elicit cholinolytic action.[3]

Mebicar purportedly has anti-anxiety (anxiolytic) properties.[3][4][5][6][7] It is also used to aid smoking cessation.[2] In addition, mebicar may be useful in the treatment of ADHD symptoms.[8] In contrast with typical anxiolytic medications such as benzodiazepines, mebicar is non-habit forming, non-sedating and does not impair motor function.[4][2]

It can be prepared by condensation of dimethyl urea (which can be made by n, n methylating urea using paraformaldehyde+oxalic acid dihydrate) with glyoxal. One recent publication described an elegant variation in which the two reactants are combined in an aqueous solution with phosphoric anhydride as the catalyst; the reaction takes place at room temperature, is fast, with essentially quantitative yield, and the procedure is easy and cost efficient because the product precipitates as it is formed, and after removal of the solids by filtration, the leftover solution can be used one or more times with no additional catalyst (with a longer reaction time).

## Availability

Mebicar has not been evaluated by the U.S. medical system. It cannot be given to a patient in the context of any licensed (or self ascribed) medical practice. Although independently obtaining it for personal use is technically not illegal, it is discouraged. Self-prescribed, unapproved treatments (in general) can be dangerous; people usually are not all that knowledgeable and likely to misdiagnose and mistreat their symptoms; and any incidence of side effect or medical emergency is less likely to be effectively treated if the causative agent is unknown to the emergency treatment team.

## See also

* Fabomotizole
* Phenibut
* Selank
* Validol

## References

1. ↑ Schwarz J, Weisspapir M, "Sustained release pharmaceutical composition containing mebicar", US patent 20110070305
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Adaptol product summary". http://olainfarm.lv/en/prescription-drugs/adaptol-3.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "[Characteristics of the psychotropic spectrum of action of mebicar]". Biulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny 89 (5): 568–70. May 1980. PMID 6104993.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "A study of the spectrum of psychotropic action of mebicar". Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 89 (5): 621–624. 1980. doi:10.1007/BF00835799.
5. ↑ "[Adaptol--verges of possible]". Likars'ka Sprava (5): 125–33. 2012. PMID 23534281.
6. ↑ "[Generalized anxiety disorder: psychosomatic aspects and treatment approaches]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova 112 (1): 40–4. 2012. PMID 22678674.
7. ↑ "[Asthenic disorders in children]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova 110 (11 Pt 1): 26–9. 2010. PMID 21183919.
8. ↑ "[Adaptol in the treatment of ADHD]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova 109 (8): 45–8. 2009. PMID 19738569.

* v
* t
* e

Anxiolytics (N05B)

5-HT1AR agonists|

* Buspirone
* Gepirone†
* Tandospirone

GABAAR PAMs|

* Benzodiazepines: Adinazolam
* Alprazolam
* Bromazepam
* Camazepam
* Chlordiazepoxide
* Clobazam
* Clonazepam
* Clorazepate
* Clotiazepam
* Cloxazolam
* Diazepam#
* Ethyl loflazepate
* Etizolam
* Fludiazepam
* Halazepam
* Ketazolam
* Lorazepam#
* Medazepam
* Nordazepam
* Oxazepam
* Pinazepam
* Prazepam; Others: Alpidem‡
* Barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital)
* Carbamates (e.g., meprobamate)
* Chlormezanone‡
* Ethanol (alcohol)
* Etifoxine
* Imepitoin; Herbs:
* Kava
* Skullcap
* Valerian

Gabapentinoids
(α2δ VDCC blockers)|

* Gabapentin
* Gabapentin enacarbil
* Phenibut
* Pregabalin

Antidepressants|

* SSRIs (e.g., escitalopram)
* SNRIs (e.g., duloxetine)
* SARIs (e.g., trazodone)
* TCAs (e.g., clomipramine#)
* TeCAs (e.g., mirtazapine)
* MAOIs (e.g., phenelzine); Others: Agomelatine
* Bupropion
* Tianeptine
* Vilazodone
* Vortioxetine

Sympatholytics
(Antiadrenergics)|

* Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin)
* Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine)
* Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol)

Others|

* Benzoctamine
* Cannabidiol
* Cycloserine
* Fabomotizole
* Hydroxyzine
* Kanna
* Lavender
* Lorpiprazole
* Mebicar
* Mepiprazole
* Nicotine
* Opipramol
* Oxaflozane‡
* Phenaglycodol
* Phenibut
* Picamilon
* Selank
* Tiagabine
* Tofisopam
* Validolum

* #WHO-EM
* ‡Withdrawn from market
* Clinical trials:
* †Phase III
* §Never to phase III

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Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Chemistry:Mebicar&oldid=825454"
*[US]: United States
*[CID]: Compound ID
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[5-HT1AR]: 5-HT1A receptor
*[GABAAR]: GABAA receptor
*[PAMs]: positive allosteric modulators
*[α2δ]: alpha2delta subunit
*[VDCC]: voltage-dependent calcium channel
*[SSRIs]: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
*[SNRIs]: Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
*[SARIs]: Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors
*[TCAs]: Tricyclic antidepressants
*[TeCAs]: Tetracyclic antidepressants
*[MAOIs]: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors