Methane (data page)

Short description: Chemical data page

This page provides supplementary chemical data on methane.

## Contents

* 1 Material Safety Data Sheet
* 2 Structure and properties
* 3 Thermodynamic properties
* 4 Vapor pressure of liquid
* 5 Spectral data
* 6 References
* 7 Cited sources

## Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions.[1]

## Structure and properties

Structure and properties

Index of refraction, nD | 1.000444[2]
Dielectric constant, εr | 1.6761 ε0 at −182 °C[3]
1.0008181 ε0 at −20 °C[4]
Bond strength  | ?
Bond length | 0.10870 nm [5]
Bond angle  | 109.5°
Magnetic susceptibility | −17.4×10−6 cm3/mol[6]

## Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior

Triple point | 90.67 K (−182.48 °C), 0.117 bar[7]
Critical point | 190.6 K (−82.6 °C), 46.0 bar[7]
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusH ~~o~~ | 1.1 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusS ~~o~~ | 12.1 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapH ~~o~~ | 8.17 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapS ~~o~~ | ? J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfH ~~o~~ solid | ? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
S ~~o~~ solid | ? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp | ? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfH ~~o~~ liquid | ? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
S ~~o~~ liquid | ? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp | ? J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfH ~~o~~ gas | −74.6 kJ/mol[8]
Standard molar entropy,
S ~~o~~ gas | 186.3 J/(mol K)[8]
Enthalpy of combustion ΔcH ~~o~~ | −891 kJ/mol[9]
Heat capacity, cp | 35.7 J/(mol K)[8]
van der Waals' constants[10] | a = 228.29 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.04278 L/mol

## Vapor pressure of liquid

P (mm Hg) | 1 | 10 | 40 | 100 | 400 | 760 | 1520 | 3800 | 7600 | 15200 | 30400 | 45600

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T (°C) | −205.9(s) | −195.5(s) | −187.7(s) | −181.4 | −168.8 | −161.5 | −152.3 | −138.3 | −124.8 | −108.5 | −86.3 |  —

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. Annotation "(s)" indicates equilibrium temperature of vapor over solid. Otherwise temperature is equilibrium of vapor over liquid. Note that these are all negative temperature values.

Methane vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses formula log10Pmm Hg=6.61184−389.93266.00+T∘C given in Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. Note that formula loses accuracy near Tcrit = −82.6 °C

## Spectral data

Methane infrared spectrum UV-Vis

λmax | ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε  | ?

Major absorption bands  | 3019, 2917, 1534, 1306 cm−1[11]
NMR
Proton NMR  |
Carbon-13 NMR  | −2.3 ppm[12]
Other NMR data  |

Masses of
main fragments  |

## References

1. ↑ Material Safety Datasheet . Iowa State
2. ↑ Haynes, p. 10.256
3. ↑ Haynes, p. 6.212
4. ↑ Haynes, p. 6.221
5. ↑ Haynes, p. 9.45
6. ↑ Haynes, p. 3.578
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Haynes, p. 6.175
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Haynes, p. 5.26
9. ↑ Haynes, p. 5.67
10. ↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524.
11. ↑ Haynes, p. 9.106
12. ↑ Haynes, p. 8.67

## Cited sources

* Haynes, William M., ed (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 9781498754293.

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