Methanol (data page)

Short description: Chemical data page

This page provides supplementary chemical data on methanol.

## Contents

* 1 Safety Data Sheet
* 2 Structure and properties
* 3 Thermodynamic properties
* 4 Spectral data
* 5 Vapor pressure of liquid
* 6 Properties of aqueous methanol solutions
* 7 Distillation data
* 8 References
* 9 External links

## Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommended that you seek the Safety Datasheet (SDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions. SDS is available at MSDS, J.T. Baker and Loba Chemie

## Structure and properties

Structure and properties

Index of refraction, nD | 1.328 at 20 °C
Dielectric constant, εr | 32.66 at 20 °C
Magnetic susceptibility[1] | 5.3×10−7 cm3·g−1
Surface tension | 22.5 dyn/cm at 20 °C
Viscosity[2] | 0.808 mPa·s at 0 °C
0.690 mPa·s at 10 °C
0.593 mPa·s at 20 °C
0.449 mPa·s at 40 °C
0.349 mPa·s at 60 °C

## Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior

Triple point | 175.5 K (−97.7 °C), 1.86·10−1 Pa[3]
Critical point | 513 K (240 °C), 78.5 atm
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusH ~~o~~ | 3.1773 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusS ~~o~~ | 18.1 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapH ~~o~~ | 37.6 ± 0.5 kJ/mol[4]
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapS ~~o~~ | 113 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfH ~~o~~ solid | ? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
S ~~o~~ solid | ? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp | ? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfH ~~o~~ liquid | −238.4 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
S ~~o~~ liquid | 127.2 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion ΔcH ~~o~~ | −715.0 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp | 70.8–90.5 J/(mol K) (at −97.6 to 64.7 °C)[5]

79.9 J/(mol K) at 20 °C

Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfH ~~o~~ gas | −201.3 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
S ~~o~~ gas | 239.9 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity,[6][7] cp | 52.29 J/(mol K) at 77 °C
61.43 J/(mol K) at 100–223 °C
Heat capacity ratio,[6][7]
γ = cp/cv | 1.203 at 77 °C
van der Waals' constants[8] | a = 964.9 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.06702 liter per mole

## Spectral data

UV-Vis

λmax | ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε  | ?

Major absorption bands[9] |  | (liquid film)

Wave number | transmittance
3347 cm−1 | 6%
3336 cm−1 | 8%
2945 cm−1 | 18%
2833 cm−1 | 22%
2522 cm−1 | 77%
2046 cm−1 | 84%
1460 cm−1 | 47%
1116 cm−1 | 62%
1030 cm−1 | 4%
662 cm−1 | 58%
NMR
Proton NMR  | 3.97 ppm, 3.417 ppm[9]
Carbon-13 NMR  | 50.05 ppm[9]
Other NMR data  |

Masses of
main fragments  |

## Vapor pressure of liquid

| P in mm Hg | 1 | 10 | 40 | 90 | 400 | 760 | 1520 | 3800 | 7600 | 15200 | 30400 | 45600

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T in °C | −44.0 | −16.2 | 5.0 | 21.2 | 49.9 | 64.7 | 84.0 | 112.5 | 138.0 | 167.8 | 203.5 | 224.0

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

|  Methanol vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses Antoine's equation: PmmHg=107.87863−1473.11230.0+T from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed. |  Log10 of methanol vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses Antoine's equation: log10PmmHg=7.87863−1473.11230.0+T from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed.

|

Here is a similar formula from the 67th edition of the CRC handbook. Note that the form of this formula as given is a fit to the Clausius–Clapeyron equation, which is a good theoretical starting point for calculating saturation vapor pressures:

log10(P) = −(0.05223)a/T \+ b, where P is in mmHg, T is in kelvins, a = 38324, and b = 8.8017.

## Properties of aqueous methanol solutions

Data obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. and CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. The annotation, d a°C/b°C, indicates density of solution at temperature a divided by density of pure water at temperature b known as specific gravity. When temperature b is 4 °C, density of water is 0.999972 g/mL.

% wt
methanol | % vol
methanol | d 15.6 °C/4 °C | d 0 °C/4 °C | d 10 °C/4 °C | d 20 °C/4 °C | freezing
temp °C

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|
|

0 | 0 | 0.99908 | 0.99984 | 0.99970 | 0.99820 | 0.0
1 | 1.25 | 0.99728 | 0.9981 | 0.9980 | 0.9965 |
2 | 2.50 | 0.99543 | 0.9963 | 0.9962 | 0.9943 |
3 | 3.75 | 0.99370 | 0.9946 | 0.9945 | 0.9931 |
3.9 | 5 | 0.9938 |  |  |  | −2.2
4 | 4.99 | 0.99198 | 0.9930 | 0.9929 | 0.9914 |
5 | 6.22 | 0.99029 | 0.9914 | 0.9912 | 0.9896 |
6 | 7.45 | 0.98864 | 0.9899 | 0.9896 | 0.9880 |
7 | 8.68 | 0.98701 | 0.9884 | 0.9881 | 0.9863 |
8 | 9.91 | 0.98547 | 0.9870 | 0.9865 | 0.9847 |
8.1 | 10 | 0.9872 |  |  |  | −5.0
9 | 11.13 | 0.98547 | 0.9856 | 0.9849 | 0.9831 |
10 | 12.35 | 0.98241 | 0.9842 | 0.9834 | 0.9815 |
11 | 13.56 | 0.98093 | 0.9829 | 0.9820 | 0.9799 |
12 | 14.77 | 0.97945 | 0.9816 | 0.9805 | 0.9784 |
12.2 | 15 | 0.9810 |  |  |  | −8.3
13 | 15.98 | 0.97802 | 0.9804 | 0.9791 | 0.9768 |
14 | 17.18 | 0.97660 | 0.9792 | 0.9778 | 0.9754 |
15 | 18.38 | 0.97518 | 0.9780 | 0.9764 | 0.9740 |
16 | 19.58 | 0.97377 | 0.9769 | 0.9751 | 0.9725 |
16.4 | 20 | 0.975 |  |  |  | −11.7
17 | 20.77 | 0.97237 | 0.9758 | 0.9739 | 0.9710 |
18 | 21.96 | 0.97096 | 0.9747 | 0.9726 | 0.9696 |
19 | 23.15 | 0.96955 | 0.9736 | 0.9713 | 0.9681 |
20 | 24.33 | 0.96814 | 0.9725 | 0.9700 | 0.9666 |
20.6 | 25 | 0.968 |  |  |  | −15.6
21 | 25.51 | 0.96673 | 0.9714 | 0.9687 | 0.9651 |
22 | 26.69 | 0.96533 | 0.9702 | 0.9673 | 0.9636 |
23 | 27.86 | 0.96392 | 0.9690 | 0.9660 | 0.9622 |
24 | 29.03 | 0.96251 | 0.9678 | 0.9646 | 0.9607 |
24.9 | 30 | 0.964 |  |  |  | −20.0
25 | 30.19 | 0.96108 | 0.9666 | 0.9632 | 0.9592 |
26 | 31.35 | 0.95963 | 0.9654 | 0.9628 | 0.9576 |
27 | 32.51 | 0.95817 | 0.9642 | 0.9604 | 0.9562 |
28 | 33.66 | 0.95668 | 0.9629 | 0.9590 | 0.9546 |
29 | 34.81 | 0.95518 | 0.9616 | 0.9575 | 0.9531 |
29.2 | 35 | 0.957 |  |  |  | −25.0
30 | 35.95 | 0.95366 | 0.9604 | 0.9560 | 0.9515 |
31 | 37.09 | 0.95213 | 0.9590 | 0.9546 | 0.9499 |
32 | 38.22 | 0.95056 | 0.9576 | 0.9531 | 0.9483 |
33 | 39.35 | 0.94896 | 0.9563 | 0.9516 | 0.9466 |
33.6 | 40 | 0.950 |  |  |  | −30.0
34 | 40.48 | 0.94734 | 0.9549 | 0.9500 | 0.9450 |
35 | 41.59 | 0.94570 | 0.9534 | 0.9484 | 0.9433 |
36 | 42.71 | 0.94404 | 0.9520 | 0.9469 | 0.9416 |
37 | 43.82 | 0.94237 | 0.9505 | 0.9453 | 0.9398 |
38 | 44.92 | 0.94067 | 0.9490 | 0.9437 | 0.9381 | −35.6
39 | 46.02 | 0.93894 | 0.9475 | 0.9420 | 0.9363 |
40 | 47.11 | 0.93720 | 0.9459 | 0.9403 | 0.9345 |
41 | 48.20 | 0.93543 | 0.9443 | 0.9387 | 0.9327 |
42 | 49.28 | 0.93365 | 0.9427 | 0.9370 | 0.9309 |
43 | 50.35 | 0.93185 | 0.9411 | 0.9352 | 0.9290 |
44 | 51.42 | 0.93001 | 0.9395 | 0.9334 | 0.9272 |
45 | 52.49 | 0.92815 | 0.9377 | 0.9316 | 0.9252 |
46 | 53.54 | 0.92627 | 0.9360 | 0.9298 | 0.9234 |
47 | 54.60 | 0.92436 | 0.9342 | 0.9279 | 0.9214 |
48 | 55.64 | 0.92242 | 0.9324 | 0.9260 | 0.9196 |
49 | 56.68 | 0.92048 | 0.9306 | 0.9240 | 0.9176 |
50 | 57.71 | 0.91852 | 0.9287 | 0.9221 | 0.9156 |
51 | 58.74 | 0.91653 | 0.9269 | 0.9202 | 0.9135 |
52 | 59.76 | 0.91451 | 0.9250 | 0.9182 | 0.9114 |
53 | 60.77 | 0.91248 | 0.9230 | 0.9162 | 0.9094 |
54 | 61.78 | 0.91044 | 0.9211 | 0.9142 | 0.9073 |
55 | 62.78 | 0.90839 | 0.9191 | 0.9122 | 0.9052 |
56 | 63.78 | 0.90631 | 0.9172 | 0.9101 | 0.9032 |
57 | 64.77 | 0.90421 | 0.9151 | 0.9080 | 0.9010 |
58 | 65.75 | 0.90210 | 0.9131 | 0.9060 | 0.8988 |
59 | 66.73 | 0.89996 | 0.9111 | 0.9039 | 0.8968 |
60 | 67.69 | 0.89781 | 0.9090 | 0.9018 | 0.8946 |
61 | 68.65 | 0.89563 | 0.9068 | 0.8998 | 0.8924 |
62 | 69.61 | 0.89341 | 0.9046 | 0.8977 | 0.8902 |
63 | 70.55 | 0.89117 | 0.9024 | 0.8955 | 0.8879 |
64 | 71.49 | 0.88890 | 0.9002 | 0.8933 | 0.8856 |
65 | 72.42 | 0.88662 | 0.8980 | 0.8911 | 0.8834 |
66 | 73.34 | 0.88433 | 0.8958 | 0.8888 | 0.8811 |
67 | 74.26 | 0.88203 | 0.8935 | 0.8865 | 0.8787 |
68 | 75.17 | 0.87971 | 0.8913 | 0.8842 | 0.8763 |
69 | 76.08 | 0.87739 | 0.8891 | 0.8818 | 0.8738 |
70 | 76.98 | 0.87507 | 0.8869 | 0.8794 | 0.8715 |
71 | 77.86 | 0.87271 | 0.8847 | 0.8770 | 0.8690 |
72 | 78.75 | 0.87033 | 0.8824 | 0.8747 | 0.8665 |
73 | 79.62 | 0.86792 | 0.8801 | 0.8724 | 0.8641 |
74 | 80.48 | 0.86546 | 0.8778 | 0.8699 | 0.8616 |
75 | 81.34 | 0.86300 | 0.8754 | 0.8676 | 0.8592 |
76 | 82.18 | 0.86051 | 0.8729 | 0.8651 | 0.8567 |
77 | 83.02 | 0.85801 | 0.8705 | 0.8626 | 0.8542 |
78 | 83.86 | 0.85551 | 0.8680 | 0.8602 | 0.8518 |
79 | 84.68 | 0.85300 | 0.8657 | 0.8577 | 0.8494 |
80 | 85.50 | 0.85048 | 0.8634 | 0.8551 | 0.8469 |
81 | 86.31 | 0.84794 | 0.8610 | 0.8527 | 0.8446 |
82 | 87.11 | 0.84536 | 0.8585 | 0.8501 | 0.8420 |
83 | 87.90 | 0.84274 | 0.8560 | 0.8475 | 0.8394 |
84 | 88.68 | 0.84009 | 0.8535 | 0.8449 | 0.8366 |
85 | 89.45 | 0.83742 | 0.8510 | 0.8422 | 0.8340 |
86 | 90.21 | 0.83475 | 0.8483 | 0.8394 | 0.8314 |
87 | 90.97 | 0.83207 | 0.8456 | 0.8367 | 0.8286 |
88 | 91.72 | 0.82937 | 0.8428 | 0.8340 | 0.8258 |
89 | 92.46 | 0.82667 | 0.8400 | 0.8314 | 0.8230 |
90 | 93.19 | 0.82396 | 0.8374 | 0.8287 | 0.8202 |
91 | 93.92 | 0.82124 | 0.8347 | 0.8261 | 0.8174 |
92 | 94.63 | 0.81849 | 0.8320 | 0.8234 | 0.8146 |
93 | 95.33 | 0.81568 | 0.8293 | 0.8208 | 0.8118 |
94 | 96.02 | 0.81285 | 0.8266 | 0.8180 | 0.8090 |
95 | 96.70 | 0.80999 | 0.8240 | 0.8152 | 0.8062 |
96 | 97.37 | 0.80713 | 0.8212 | 0.8124 | 0.8034 |
97 | 98.04 | 0.80428 | 0.8186 | 0.8096 | 0.8005 |
98 | 98.70 | 0.80143 | 0.8158 | 0.8068 | 0.7976 |
99 | 99.35 | 0.79859 | 0.8130 | 0.8040 | 0.7948 |
100 | 100 | 0.792 | 0.8102 | 0.8009 | 0.7917 | −97.8
% wt
methanol | % vol
methanol | d 15.6 °C/4 °C | d 0 °C/4 °C | d 10 °C/4 °C | d 20 °C/4 °C | freezing
temp °C

## Distillation data

| Vapor–liquid equilibrium
of methanol/water[10]
P = 760 mm Hg; T = 72.4 °C − 100.0 °C

temp.
°C  | % by mole methanol
liquid | vapor
100.00 | 0.0 | 0.0
99.25 | 0.5840 | 4.5705
96.9 | 1.2 | 11.4
95.7 | 2.6 | 15.7
92.2 | 5.0 | 29.3
90.15 | 7.38 | 36.65
87.5 | 10.2 | 43.0
86.50 | 11.76 | 48.55
84.8 | 14.0 | 51.4
84.3 | 15.0 | 52.2
82.9 | 17.5 | 56.0
81.5 | 20.0 | 59.0
78.0 | 30.0 | 67.5
75.4 | 40.0 | 73.5
73.7 | 47.3 | 76.5
72.6 | 52.6 | 79.4
72.4 | 54.0 | 80.1
|  | Vapor–liquid equilibrium
of methanol/water[10]
P = 760 mm Hg; T = 64.6 °C − 72.0 °C

temp.
°C  | % by mole methanol
liquid | vapor
72.0 | 56.5 | 80.5
71.5 | 58.5 | 81.6
71.4 | 60.0 | 83.1
70.6 | 66.2 | 85.7
69.9 | 67.5 | 86.5
69.6 | 70.0 | 87.4
69.1 | 71.4 | 87.8
67.8 | 80.0 | 91.8
66.9 | 85.0 | 93.0
66.50 | 88.08 | 94.17
66.2 | 89.0 | 95.6
66.1 | 90.0 | 96.1
65.7 | 92.0 | 96.5
65.4 | 95.0 | 98.1
64.95 | 96.57 | 95.69
64.70 | 98.71 | 97.78
64.6 | 100.0 | 100.0
|  | Vapor–liquid equilibrium
of methanol/ethanol[10]
P = 760 mm Hg

temp.
°C  | % by mole methanol
liquid | vapor
78.3 | 0.0 | 0.0
76.6 | 13.4 | 18.3
75.0 | 24.2 | 32.6
73.6 | 32.0 | 42.8
72.3 | 40.1 | 52.9
71.7 | 43.5 | 56.6
70.0 | 54.2 | 67.6
68.6 | 65.2 | 75.9
67.7 | 72.8 | 81.3
66.9 | 79.0 | 85.8
66.6 | 81.4 | 87.5
65.8 | 87.3 | 91.9
65.6 | 91.0 | 93.7
64.6 | 100.0 | 100.0

## References

1. ↑ NMR-002: Sample Devices and Magnetic Susceptibility.
2. ↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674.
3. ↑ "Vapor Pressure of Methanol from Dortmund Data Bank". http://www.ddbst.com/en/EED/PCP/VAP_C110.php.
4. ↑ "Methyl Alcohol". https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C67561&Mask=4.
5. ↑ GmbH, DDBST. "Molar Heat Capacity (cP) of Methanol from Dortmund Data Bank" (in en). http://www.ddbst.com/en/EED/PCP/HCP_C110.php.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1525–1528.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. pp. 2582–2584.
8. ↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Spectral Database for Organic Compounds" (Queriable database). Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Archived from the original on 5 May 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060505120103/http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/SDBS/cgi-bin/cre_index.cgi. Retrieved 9 June 2007.
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. http://www.cheric.org/research/kdb/hcvle/hcvle.php. Retrieved 7 May 2007.

* Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD), http://webbook.nist.gov (sample table of physical properties)

## External links

* "Properties of pure Methanol". Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. http://www.cheric.org/research/kdb/hcprop/showprop.php. Retrieved 5 May 2007.

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