Osmophobia

Osmophobia or olfactophobia refers to a fear, aversion, or psychological hypersensitivity to odors. Osmophobia seems to be a consistent part of the patient’s migraine history, but additional criteria are needed to differentiate it from episodic tension-type headache (ETTH). [1] The phobia generally occurs in chronic migraine sufferers who may have odor triggered migraines.[2][3]

Such migraines are most frequently triggered by foul odors, but the hypersensitivity may extend to all odors. One study found as many as 25% of migraine sufferers had some degree of osmophobia.[4] The condition may also be present in individuals in substance withdrawal, specifically opioid withdrawal syndrome, where it is usually associated with nausea and/or vomiting.

The term osmophobia comes from the Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ), meaning "smell, odour",[5] and φόβος (phóbos), meaning "fear".[6] Olfactophobia comes from the Latin olfacto, meaning "to smell at".[7]

## See also

* List of phobias
* Olfactory reference syndrome

## References

1. ↑ Chitsaz, Ahmad; Ghorbani, Abbas; Dashti, Masoumeh; Khosravi, Mohsen; Kianmehr, Mohammadreza (2017-04-17). "The Prevalence of Osmophobia in Migranous and Episodic Tension Type Headaches". Advanced Biomedical Research 6: 44. doi:10.4103/2277-9175.204587. ISSN 2277-9175. PMID 28503499.
2. ↑ "What's That Smell? An Expert Explains Phantom Smells and Osmophobia" (in en-US). https://www.migraineagain.com/phantom-smells-migraine/.
3. ↑ Albanês Oliveira Bernardo, Albérico; Lys Medeiros, Fabiola; Sampaio Rocha-Filho, Pedro Augusto (2020-05-03). "Osmophobia and Odor-Triggered Headaches in Children and Adolescents: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Importance in the Diagnosis of Migraine". Headache 60 (5): 954–966. doi:10.1111/head.13806. ISSN 1526-4610. PMID 32293736.
4. ↑ Zanchin, G; Dainese, F; Trucco, M; Mainardi, F; Mampreso, E; Maggioni, F (2007-09-07). "Osmophobia in Migraine and Tension-Type Headache and Its Clinical Features in Patients With Migraine" (in en). Cephalalgia 27 (9): 1061–1068. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01421.x. ISSN 0333-1024. PMID 17681021. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01421.x.
5. ↑ ὀσμή, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
6. ↑ φόβος, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
7. ↑ olfacto, Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, on Perseus

## External links

* Kelman L (November 2004). "The place of osmophobia and taste abnormalities in migraine classification: a tertiary care study of 1237 patients". Cephalalgia 24 (11): 940–6. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00766.x. PMID 15482356. *Kelman L (2004). "Osmophobia and taste abnormality in migraineurs: a tertiary care study". Headache 44 (10): 1019–23. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2004.04197.x. PMID 15546266.

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