Selank

Selank (Russian: Cеланк) is a nootropic anxiolytic peptide based drug developed by the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Selank is a heptapeptide with the sequence Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro (TKPRPGP). It is a synthetic analogue of the human tuftsin. It was initially developed to modulate brain activity and the immune system and may help regulate neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine to promote cognitive stability and emotional balance.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Pharmacology
* 2 Clinical trials
* 3 See also
* 4 References

## Pharmacology

Selank is a synthetic analogue of the immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin; as such, it mimics many of its effects. It has been shown to modulate the expression of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and affect the balance of T helper cell cytokines.[2] It has been shown to influence the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitters[3] and induce metabolism of serotonin.[4][5] Selank has also been found to rapidly elevate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus of rats.[6]

Selank, as well as a related peptide drug, Semax, have been found to inhibit enzymes involved in the degradation of enkephalins and other endogenous regulatory peptides, and this action may be involved in their effects.[7] It has also been found to affect the activity of carboxypeptidase H and phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride-inhibited carboxypeptidase in rat nervous system tissue.[8]

Selank has been found to produce antidepressant-like effects in animal models of depression and anhedonia.[9]

## Clinical trials

In clinical studies, Selank has been investigated for its potential effects on cognitive function and anxiety.[2] It has also been compared with traditional anxiolytic drugs such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates.[10]

Selank is closely related to another nootropic drug, Semax, also developed by the Institute of Molecular Genetics in Russia. This drug is currently available in Russian and Ukrainian pharmacies.[11]

As with all lyophilized peptides, it needs refrigeration to remain stable within sterile water solutions, such as bacteriostatic water concentrations.

## See also

* Afobazole
* Mebicar
* Semax
* Bemethyl
* List of Russian drugs

## References

1. ↑ "Selank" (in en). https://www.purepep.co/peptides/Selank.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "[Immunomodulatory effects of selank in patients with anxiety-asthenic disorders]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova 108 (5): 71–75. 2008. PMID 18577961.
3. ↑ "[Effects of heptapeptide selank on the content of monoamines and their metabolites in the brain of BALB/C and C57Bl/6 mice: a comparative study]". Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia 71 (5): 8–12. 2008. PMID 19093364.
4. ↑ "[Experimental optimization of learning and memory processes by selank]". Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia 73 (8): 2–5. August 2010. PMID 20919548.
5. ↑ "[Comparison of the effects of selank and tuftsin on the metabolism of serotonin in the brain of rats pretreated with PCPA]". Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia 72 (4): 6–8. 2009. PMID 19803361.
6. ↑ "Intranasal administration of the peptide Selank regulates BDNF expression in the rat hippocampus in vivo". Doklady Biological Sciences 421: 241–243. 2008. doi:10.1134/s0012496608040066. PMID 18841804.
7. ↑ "Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum" (in ru). Bioorganicheskaia Khimiia 27 (3): 180–183. 2001. doi:10.1023/A:1011373002885. PMID 11443939.
8. ↑ "[Effect of selank on the main carboxypeptidases in the rat nervous tissue]" (in ru). Zhurnal Evoliutsionnoi Biokhimii I Fiziologii 48 (3): 254–257. 2012. PMID 22827026.
9. ↑ "[Effects of heptapeptide selank on genetically-based and situation-provoked symptoms of depression in behavior in WAG/Rij and Wistar rats, and in BALB/c mice]" (in ru). Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deiatelnosti imeni I P Pavlova 58 (2): 226–237. 2008. PMID 18661785.
10. ↑ "[Efficacy and possible mechanisms of action of a new peptide anxiolytic selank in the therapy of generalized anxiety disorders and neurasthenia]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova 108 (4): 38–48. 2008. PMID 18454096.
11. ↑ "СЕМАКС: лекарственное средство широкого спектра действия эффективный стимулятор нервной системы" (in ru). Institute of Molecular Genetics. Moscow. http://www.img.ras.ru/innov/.

* v
* t
* e

Anxiolytics (N05B)

5-HT1AR agonists|

* Buspirone
* Gepirone†
* Tandospirone

GABAAR PAMs|

* Benzodiazepines: Adinazolam
* Alprazolam
* Bromazepam
* Camazepam
* Chlordiazepoxide
* Clobazam
* Clonazepam
* Clorazepate
* Clotiazepam
* Cloxazolam
* Diazepam#
* Ethyl loflazepate
* Etizolam
* Fludiazepam
* Halazepam
* Ketazolam
* Lorazepam#
* Medazepam
* Nordazepam
* Oxazepam
* Pinazepam
* Prazepam; Others: Alpidem‡
* Barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital)
* Carbamates (e.g., meprobamate)
* Chlormezanone‡
* Ethanol (alcohol)
* Etifoxine
* Imepitoin; Herbs:
* Kava
* Skullcap
* Valerian

Gabapentinoids
(α2δ VDCC blockers)|

* Gabapentin
* Gabapentin enacarbil
* Phenibut
* Pregabalin

Antidepressants|

* SSRIs (e.g., escitalopram)
* SNRIs (e.g., duloxetine)
* SARIs (e.g., trazodone)
* TCAs (e.g., clomipramine#)
* TeCAs (e.g., mirtazapine)
* MAOIs (e.g., phenelzine); Others: Agomelatine
* Bupropion
* Tianeptine
* Vilazodone
* Vortioxetine

Sympatholytics
(Antiadrenergics)|

* Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin)
* Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine)
* Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol)

Others|

* Benzoctamine
* Cannabidiol
* Cycloserine
* Fabomotizole
* Hydroxyzine
* Kanna
* Lavender
* Lorpiprazole
* Mebicar
* Mepiprazole
* Nicotine
* Opipramol
* Oxaflozane‡
* Phenaglycodol
* Phenibut
* Picamilon
* Selank
* Tiagabine
* Tofisopam
* Validolum

* #WHO-EM
* ‡Withdrawn from market
* Clinical trials:
* †Phase III
* §Never to phase III

* v
* t
* e

Opioid receptor modulators

MOR|

* Agonists (abridged; see here for a full list): 3-HO-PCP
* 7-Acetoxymitragynine
* 7-Hydroxymitragynine
* ψ-Akuammigine
* α-Chlornaltrexamine
* α-Narcotine
* Acetyldihydrocodeine
* Acetylfentanyl
* Acrylfentanyl
* Adrenorphin (metorphamide)
* AH-7921
* Akuammicine
* Akuammidine
* Alfentanil
* Anileridine
* Apparicine
* β-Endorphin
* BAM-12P
* BAM-18P
* BAM-22P
* Benzhydrocodone
* Benzylmorphine
* Bezitramide
* Biphalin
* BU08070
* Buprenorphine
* Butorphan
* Butorphanol
* Butyrfentanyl
* BW373U86
* Carfentanil
* Casokefamide
* Cebranopadol
* Chloroxymorphamine
* Codeine
* DADLE
* DAMGO (DAGO)
* Dermorphin
* Desmetramadol (desmethyltramadol)
* Desomorphine
* Dextromoramide
* Dextropropoxyphene (propoxyphene)
* Dezocine
* Dimenoxadol
* Dimethylaminopivalophenone
* Eluxadoline
* Diamorphine (heroin)
* Dihydrocodeine
* Dihydroetorphine
* Dihydromorphine
* Dinalbuphine sebacate
* Diphenoxylate
* Dipipanone
* Dynorphin A
* Embutramide
* Endomorphin-1
* Endomorphin-2
* Eseroline
* Ethylmorphine
* Etorphine
* Fentanyl
* Fluorophen
* Frakefamide
* Furanylfentanyl
* Hemorphin-4
* Herkinorin
* Hodgkinsine
* Hydrocodone
* Hydromorphinol
* Hydromorphone
* IBNtxA
* Ketamine
* Ketobemidone
* Kratom
* Laudanosine
* Lefetamine
* Leu-enkephalin
* Levacetylmethadol
* Levomethorphan
* Levorphanol
* Lexanopadol
* Loperamide
* Loxicodegol
* Matrine
* Meptazinol
* Met-enkephalin (metenkefalin)
* Methadone
* Metkefamide
* Metopon
* Mitragynine
* Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl
* Morphiceptin
* Morphine
* Nalbuphine
* NalBzOH
* Nalmexone
* Naltalimide
* Neopine
* NFEPP
* Nicocodeine
* Nicodicodine
* Nicomorphine
* NKTR-181
* Norketamine
* Octreotide
* Oliceridine
* OM-3-MNZ
* Oripavine
* Oxycodone
* Oxymorphazone
* Oxymorphonazine
* Oxymorphone
* Oxymorphone phenylhydrazone
* OxyPNPH
* Papaver somniferum (opium)
* Pentazocine
* Pericine
* Pethidine (meperidine)
* Phenazocine
* Phencyclidine
* Piminodine
* Piritramide
* PL-017
* Prodine
* Propiram
* PZM21
* Racemethorphan
* Racemorphan
* Remifentanil
* Salsolinol
* SC-17599
* Sinomenine
* Sufentanil
* Tapentadol
* Tetrahydropapaveroline
* TH-030418
* Thebaine
* Thienorphine
* Tianeptine
* Tilidine
* Tramadol
* Trimebutine
* TRIMU 5
* TRV734
* Tubotaiwine
* U-47700
* Valorphin
* Viminol
* Xorphanol

* PAMs: BMS-986121
* BMS-986122

* Antagonists: (3S,4S)-Picenadol
* 2-(S)-N,N-(R)-Viminol
* 3CS-nalmefene
* 4-Caffeoyl-1,5-quinide
* 4′-Hydroxyflavanone
* 4',7-Dihydroxyflavone
* 6β-Naltrexol
* 6β-Naltrexol-d4
* 18-MC
* α-Gliadin
* β-Chlornaltrexamine
* β-Funaltrexamine
* Akuammine
* Alvimopan
* AM-251
* Apigenin
* AT-076
* Axelopran
* Bevenopran
* Catechin
* Catechin gallate
* Clocinnamox
* CTAP
* CTOP
* Cyclofoxy
* Cyprodime
* Diacetylnalorphine
* Diprenorphine
* ECG
* EGC
* Epicatechin
* Eptazocine
* Gemazocine
* Ginsenoside R
* Hyperoside
* Ibogaine
* Levallorphan
* Lobeline
* LY-255582
* LY-2196044
* Methocinnamox
* Methylnaltrexone
* Methylsamidorphan chloride
* Naldemedine
* Nalmefene
* Nalodeine (N-allylnorcodeine)
* Nalorphine
* Nalorphine dinicotinate
* Naloxazone
* Naloxegol
* Naloxol
* Naloxonazine
* Naloxone
* Naltrexazone
* Naltrexonazine
* Naltrexone
* Naltrindole
* Naringenin
* Noribogaine
* Oxilorphan
* Pawhuskin A
* Rimonabant
* Quadazocine
* Samidorphan
* Taxifolin

* Unknown/unsorted: Cannabidiol
* Coronaridine
* Cyproterone acetate
* Dihydroakuuamine
* Tabernanthine
* Tetrahydrocannabinol

DOR|

* Agonists: 3CS-nalmefene
* 6'-GNTI
* 7-SIOM
* ADL-5747 (PF-04856881)
* ADL-5859
* Alazocine (SKF-10047)
* Amoxapine
* AR-M100390 (ARM390)
* AZD2327
* β-Endorphin
* BAM-18P
* Biphalin
* BU-48
* Butorphan
* Butorphanol
* BW373U86
* Casokefamide
* Cebranopadol
* Codeine
* Cyclazocine
* DADLE
* Deltorphin A
* Deltorphin I
* Deltorphin II
* Desmethylclozapine
* Desmetramadol (desmethyltramadol)
* Dezocine
* Diamorphine (heroin)
* Dihydroetorphine
* Dihydromorphine
* DPDPE
* DPI-221
* DPI-3290
* DSLET
* Ethylketazocine
* Etorphine
* Fentanyl
* FIT
* Fluorophen
* Hemorphin-4
* Hydrocodone
* Hydromorphone
* Ibogaine
* Isomethadone
* JNJ-20788560
* KNT-127
* Kratom
* Laudanosine
* Leu-enkephalin
* Levomethorphan
* Levorphanol
* Lexanopadol
* Lofentanil
* Met-enkephalin (metenkefalin)
* Metazocine
* Metkefamide
* Mitragynine
* Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl
* Morphine
* N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon
* Norbuprenorphine
* NalBzOH
* Oripavine
* Oxycodone
* Oxymorphone
* Pethidine (meperidine)
* Proglumide
* Racemethorphan
* Racemorphan
* RWJ-394674
* Samidorphan
* SB-235863
* SNC-80
* SNC-162
* TAN-67 (SB-205,607)
* TH-030418
* Thebaine
* Thiobromadol (C-8813)
* Tonazocine
* Tramadol
* TRV250
* Xorphanol
* Zenazocine

* Antagonists: 4',7-Dihydroxyflavone
* 5'-NTII
* 6β-Naltrexol
* 6β-Naltrexol-d4
* α-Santolol
* β-Chlornaltrexamine
* Apigenin
* AT-076
* Axelopran
* Bevenopran
* BNTX
* Catechin
* Catechin gallate
* Clocinnamox
* Diacetylnalorphine
* Diprenorphine
* ECG
* EGC
* Eluxadoline
* Epicatechin
* ICI-154129
* ICI-174864
* LY-255582
* LY-2196044
* Methylnaltrexone
* Methylnaltrindole
* N-Benzylnaltrindole
* Nalmefene
* Nalorphine
* Naltrexone
* Naltriben
* Naltrindole
* Naloxone
* Naringenin
* Noribogaine
* Pawhuskin A
* Quadazocine
* SDM25N
* SoRI-9409
* Taxifolin
* Thienorphine

* Unknown/unsorted: 18-MC
* Cannabidiol
* Coronaridine
* Cyproterone acetate
* Tabernanthine
* Tetrahydrocannabinol

KOR|

* Agonists: 3CS-nalmefene
* 6'-GNTI
* 8-CAC
* 18-MC
* 14-Methoxymetopon
* β-Chlornaltrexamine
* β-Funaltrexamine
* Adrenorphin (metorphamide)
* Akuuamicine
* Alazocine (SKF-10047)
* Allomatrine
* Apadoline
* Asimadoline
* BAM-12P
* BAM-18P
* BAM-22P
* Big dynorphin
* Bremazocine
* BRL-52537
* Butorphan
* Butorphanol
* BW373U86
* Cebranopadol
* Ciprefadol
* CR665
* Cyclazocine
* Cyclorphan
* Cyprenorphine
* Desmetramadol (desmethyltramadol)
* Diamorphine (heroin)
* Diacetylnalorphine
* Difelikefalin
* Dihydroetorphine
* Dihydromorphine
* Dinalbuphine sebacate
* Diprenorphine
* Dynorphin A
* Dynorphin B (rimorphin)
* Eluxadoline
* Enadoline
* Eptazocine
* Erinacine E
* Ethylketazocine
* Etorphine
* Fedotozine
* Fentanyl
* Gemazocine
* GR-89696
* GR-103545
* Hemorphin-4
* Herkinorin
* HS665
* Hydromorphone
* HZ-2
* Ibogaine
* ICI-199,441
* ICI-204,448
* Ketamine
* Ketazocine
* Laudanosine
* Leumorphin (dynorphin B-29)
* Levallorphan
* Levomethorphan
* Levorphanol
* Lexanopadol
* Lofentanil
* LPK-26
* Lufuradom
* Matrine
* MB-1C-OH
* Menthol
* Metazocine
* Metkefamide
* Mianserin
* Mirtazapine
* Morphine
* Moxazocine
* MR-2034
* N-MPPP
* Nalbuphine
* NalBzOH
* Nalfurafine
* Nalmefene
* Nalodeine (N-allylnorcodeine)
* Nalorphine
* Naltriben
* Niravoline
* Norbuprenorphine
* Norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide
* Noribogaine
* Norketamine
* Oripavine
* Oxilorphan
* Oxycodone
* Pentazocine
* Pethidine (meperidine)
* Phenazocine
* Proxorphan
* Racemethorphan
* Racemorphan
* RB-64
* Salvinorin A (salvia)
* Salvinorin B ethoxymethyl ether
* Salvinorin B methoxymethyl ether
* Samidorphan
* Spiradoline (U-62,066)
* TH-030418
* Thienorphine
* Tifluadom
* Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, desipramine, imipramine, nortriptyline)
* U-50488
* U-54,494A
* U-69,593
* Xorphanol

* Antagonists: 4′-Hydroxyflavanone
* 4',7-Dihydroxyflavone
* 5'-GNTI
* 6'-GNTI
* 6β-Naltrexol
* 6β-Naltrexol-d4
* β-Chlornaltrexamine
* Buprenorphine/samidorphan
* Amentoflavone
* ANTI
* Apigenin
* Arodyne
* AT-076
* Aticaprant
* Axelopran
* AZ-MTAB
* Binaltorphimine
* BU09059
* Buprenorphine
* Catechin
* Catechin gallate
* CERC-501 (LY-2456302)
* Clocinnamox
* Cyclofoxy
* Dezocine
* DIPPA
* EGC
* ECG
* Epicatechin
* Hyperoside
* JDTic
* LY-255582
* LY-2196044
* LY-2444296
* LY-2459989
* LY-2795050
* MeJDTic
* Methylnaltrexone
* ML190
* ML350
* MR-2266
* N-Fluoropropyl-JDTic
* Naloxone
* Naltrexone
* Naltrindole
* Naringenin
* Norbinaltorphimine
* Noribogaine
* Pawhuskin A
* PF-4455242
* RB-64
* Quadazocine
* Taxifolin
* UPHIT
* Zyklophin

* Unknown/unsorted: Akuammicine
* Akuammine
* Coronaridine
* Cyproterone acetate
* Dihydroakuuamine
* Ibogamine
* Tabernanthine

NOP|

* Agonists: (Arg14,Lys15)Nociceptin
* ((pF)Phe4)Nociceptin(1-13)NH2
* (Phe1Ψ(CH2-NH)Gly2)Nociceptin(1-13)NH2
* Ac-RYYRWK-NH2
* Ac-RYYRIK-NH2
* BU08070
* Buprenorphine
* Cebranopadol
* Dihydroetorphine
* Etorphine
* JNJ-19385899
* Levomethorphan
* Levorphanol
* Levorphanol
* Lexanopadol
* MCOPPB
* MT-7716
* NNC 63-0532
* Nociceptin (orphanin FQ)
* Nociceptin (1-11)
* Nociceptin (1-13)NH2
* Norbuprenorphine
* Racemethorphan
* Racemorphan
* Ro64-6198
* Ro65-6570
* SCH-221510
* SCH-486757
* SR-8993
* SR-16435
* TH-030418

* Antagonists: (Nphe1)Nociceptin(1-13)NH2
* AT-076
* BAN-ORL-24
* BTRX-246040 (LY-2940094)
* J-113,397
* JTC-801
* NalBzOH
* Nociceptin (1-7)
* Nocistatin
* SB-612,111
* SR-16430
* Thienorphine
* Trap-101
* UFP-101

Unsorted|

* β-Casomorphins
* Amidorphin
* BAM-20P
* Cytochrophin-4
* Deprolorphin
* Gliadorphin (gluteomorphin)
* Gluten exorphins
* Hemorphins
* Kava constituents
* MEAGL
* MEAP
* NEM
* Neoendorphins
* Nepetalactone (catnip)
* Peptide B
* Peptide E
* Peptide F
* Peptide I
* Rubiscolins
* Soymorphins

Others|

* Enkephalinase inhibitors: Amastatin
* BL-2401
* Candoxatril
* D -Phenylalanine
* Dexecadotril (retorphan)
* Ecadotril (sinorphan)
* Kelatorphan
* Racecadotril (acetorphan)
* RB-101
* RB-120
* RB-3007
* Opiorphan
* Selank
* Semax
* Spinorphin
* Thiorphan
* Tynorphin
* Ubenimex (bestatin)

* Propeptides: β-Lipotropin (proendorphin)
* Prodynorphin
* Proenkephalin
* Pronociceptin
* Proopiomelanocortin (POMC)

* Others: Kyotorphin (met-enkephalin releaser/degradation stabilizer)

See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Signaling peptide/protein receptor modulators

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*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[5-HT1AR]: 5-HT1A receptor
*[GABAAR]: GABAA receptor
*[PAMs]: positive allosteric modulators
*[α2δ]: alpha2delta subunit
*[VDCC]: voltage-dependent calcium channel
*[SSRIs]: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
*[SNRIs]: Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
*[SARIs]: Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors
*[TCAs]: Tricyclic antidepressants
*[TeCAs]: Tetracyclic antidepressants
*[MAOIs]: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
*[MOR]: μ-opioid receptor
*[DOR]: δ-opioid receptor
*[KOR]: κ-opioid receptor
*[NOP]: Nociceptin receptor