Gannett

Gannett Co., Inc.

Type| Public

Traded as

* NYSE: GCI
* Russell 2000 component

ISIN| [https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Toollabs:isin/&language;=en∈=US36472T1097+US36472T1097]">[https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Toollabs:isin/&language=en&isin=US36472T1097 US36472T1097]
Industry| Media
Genre| Publishing
Successor| Tegna Inc. (Broadcasting)
Founded| October 6, 1906; 119 years ago (1906-10-06) in Rochester, New York
June 29, 2015; 10 years ago (2015-06-29) (extant Gannett Company)
Founder| Frank Gannett
Headquarters| New York City, New York, U.S.

Key people

* Mike Reed
* (chairman and CEO)

Services| Publishing/Digital Marketing Solutions
Revenue|  US$2.9 billion (2022)[1]

Operating income

|  US$–146 million (2019)[2]

Net income

|  US$–119 million (2019)[2]
Total assets|  US$4.02 billion (2019)[2]
Total equity|  US$981 million (2019)[2]
Owner| Fortress Investment Group

Number of employees

| 11,200[1] (2022)
Parent| New Media Investment Group
Subsidiaries| Newsquest
Website| gannett.com

Gannett Co., Inc. (/ɡəˈnɛt/ gə-NET) is an American mass media holding company headquartered in New York City.[3] It is the largest U.S. newspaper publisher as measured by total daily circulation.[4]

Gannett owns the national newspaper USA Today, as well as several local newspapers, including the Detroit Free Press; The Indianapolis Star; The Cincinnati Enquirer; The Columbus Dispatch; The Florida Times-Union in Jacksonville, Florida; The Tallahassee Democrat in Tallahassee, Florida; The Tennessean in Nashville, Tennessee; The Daily News Journal, in Murfreesboro, Tennessee; The Courier-Journal in Louisville, Kentucky; the Democrat and Chronicle in Rochester, New York; The Des Moines Register; the El Paso Times; The Arizona Republic in Phoenix, Arizona; The News-Press in Fort Myers, Florida; the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel; the Argus Leader; The Pueblo Chieftain; and the Great Falls Tribune.

In 2015, Gannett split into two publicly traded companies, one focusing on newspapers and publishing and the other on broadcasting. The broadcasting company took the name Tegna, and owns about 68 TV stations. The newspaper company inherited the Gannett name. The split was structured so that Tegna is the legal successor of the old Gannett, while the new Gannett is a spin-off.[5] In 2018 Gannett along with 90 additional Fortune 500 companies had "paid an effective federal tax rate of 0% or less" as a result of Donald Trump´s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.

In November 2019, New Media Investment Group acquired and merged its GateHouse Media subsidiary into Gannett, creating the largest newspaper publisher in the United States, which adopted the Gannett name. Mike Reed[6] was named CEO.[7][8]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 1.1 1906–1983
* 1.2 1984–2013
* 1.3 Acquisition of Belo Corporation, 2013
* 1.4 Acquisition of London Broadcasting Company stations, 2014
* 1.5 Split and further deals, 2014-2018
* 1.6 Sale to GateHouse Media and relationship with Softbank, 2019
* 1.7 Sued for enabling sexual abuse of paperboys in 1970s New York and Arizona, 2019
* 1.8 COVID-19, 2020
* 1.9 Reduction of editorial content, 2022–2024
* 1.10 Financial conditions and layoffs 2022
* 1.11 List of acquisitions 1906-present
* 2 List of assets
* 2.1 USA Today Network
* 2.2 Print media
* 2.3 Digital investments
* 3 Directors and senior executives
* 4 Headquarters
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## History

### 1906–1983

Gannett Company, Inc. was formed in 1923 by Frank Gannett in Rochester, New York, as an outgrowth of the Elmira Gazette, a newspaper business he had begun in Elmira, New York, in 1906. Gannett, who was known as a conservative,[9] gained fame and fortune by purchasing small independent newspapers and developing them into a large chain, a 20th-century trend that helped the newspaper industry remain financially viable.[10]

In April 1957, Paul Miller succeeded Frank Gannett as president and CEO when the group held 19 newspapers over four states; Florida not among them. Miller became frustrated after repeated unsuccessful attempts to acquire a foothold in Florida, then targeted Brevard County. He spoke to Marie Holderman, the owner and publisher of the Cocoa Tribune, and shared his plan for a morning daily paper in Brevard County. Holderman was not interested. Over the next few years, several Gannett representatives attempted to negotiate a purchase, without success.[11]

In the late 1950s, Al Neuharth was assistant managing editor at the Miami Herald and became acquainted with Marie Holderman. In 1963, he was hired by Miller to manage the Democrat and Chronicle in Rochester, New York. Two years later, he asked Miller for an opportunity to persuade Holderman. In their meeting, Neuharth complimented the Tribune, but told Holderman that she lacked the resources to win a competition. Holderman was invited to Rochester for a meeting to talk with Gannett executives. The Gannett corporate airplane flew four people from Florida to New York.

John Pound, managing editor joined Holderman and her two granddaughters on the trip in May 1965. Convinced of Gannett's determination and at age 81, Holderman decided to sell, and Pound told the executives they wanted $1.9 million in compensation. Neuharth's response: "We told them that was a fair price and we certainly paid her more than she expected to get."[11] In 1966, Neuharth took charge of Gannett Florida. After a few months, the Hudson family in Titusville decided to sell the Star Advocate to Gannett for $1 million.[11]

Neuharth started Today in Cocoa, which eventually became Florida Today.[12] By June 1966, paid subscriptions were 33,000, far exceeding their goal of 20,000 by the end of the year. The paper became profitable in 1968 after just 33 months.[11]

Miller was succeeded by Al Neuharth in 1973.[11]

In 1978, Gannett acquired Combined Communications Corp.,[13] operator of 2 major daily newspapers, the Oakland Tribune and The Cincinnati Enquirer, seven television stations, 13 radio stations, as well as an outdoor advertising division, for $370 million.[14][15] The outdoor advertising became known as Gannett Outdoor, before being acquired by Outdoor Systems (previously a division of 3M), before the company was sold to Infinity Broadcasting, which later became part of Viacom, and was part of CBS Corporation, until 2014 when CBS Outdoor went independent and became Outfront Media.

In 1979 The News Journal in Wilmington, Delaware was purchased from DuPont[16] and The Tennessean in Nashville[17] when the chain had grown to 79 newspapers.[18] In 1982, the broadcasting unit partnered with Telepictures Corporation to start out its Newscope program.[19]

Gannett's oldest newspaper is the Berrow's Worcester Journal based in Worcester, England and founded in 1690. In the United States, the oldest newspapers still in circulation are the Poughkeepsie Journal, founded in Poughkeepsie, New York in 1785, and The Leaf-Chronicle founded in Clarksville, Tennessee in 1808.

### 1984–2013

In 1984, John Curley was appointed president and COO. In 1985, Curley became CEO and continued as president.[20]

The company was headquartered in Rochester until 1986, when it moved to Arlington County, Virginia. Its former headquarters building, the Gannett Building, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.[21]

Douglas H. McCorkindale succeeded Curley as CEO in 2000 and chairman in 2001.[22] That year, the company moved to its headquarters in Tysons Corner, Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D.C.

Beginning in 2005 at the Fort Myers News-Press, Gannett pioneered the mojo concept of mobile multimedia journalists, reporters who were initially untethered from conventional newsrooms and drove around their communities filing hyperlocal news in various formats including text for print publication, still photos for print and online publication, and audio and video for the News-Press website.[23] The practice has spread throughout the chain.[24]

In 2010, Gannett increased executive salaries and bonuses; for example, Bob Dickey, Gannett's U.S. newspapers division president, was paid $3.4 million in 2010, up from $1.9 million the previous year. The next year, the company laid off 700 U.S. employees to cut costs. In the memo announcing the layoffs, Dickey wrote, "While we have sought many ways to reduce costs, I regret to tell you that we will not be able to avoid layoffs."[25]

Logo used until March 6, 2011

On March 7, 2011, Gannett replaced the stylized "G" logo in use since the 1970s (notably used on its TV stations as a corporate/local ID with different animations), and adopted a new company tagline: "It's all within reach."[26]

In February 2012, Gannett announced that it would implement a paywall system across all of its daily newspaper websites, with non-subscriber access limited to between five and fifteen articles per month, varying by newspaper. The USA Today website became the only one to allow unrestricted access.[27]

On March 24, 2012, the company announced that it would discipline 25 employees in Wisconsin who had signed the petition to recall Governor Scott Walker, stating that this open public participation in a political process was a violation of the company's code of journalistic ethics and that their primary responsibility as journalists was to maintain credibility and public trust in themselves and the organization.[28]

On August 21, 2012, Gannett acquired Blinq Media.[29]

Around the first week of October 2012, Gannett entered a dispute against Dish Network regarding compensation fees and Dish's AutoHop commercial-skip feature on its Hopper digital video recorders. Gannett ordered that Dish discontinue AutoHop on the account that it is affecting advertising revenues for Gannett's television stations. Gannett threatened to pull all of its stations should the skirmish continue beyond October 7, and Dish and Gannett fail to reach an agreement.[30][31] The two parties eventually reached an agreement after extending the deadline for a few hours.[32]

### Acquisition of Belo Corporation, 2013

On June 13, 2013, Gannett announced plans to buy Dallas-based Belo Corporation for $1.5 billion and the assumption of debt. The purchase would add 20 additional stations to Gannett's portfolio and make the company the fourth largest television broadcaster in the U.S. with 43 stations.[33][34] Because of ownership conflicts that exist in markets where both Belo and Gannett own television stations and newspapers, the use of a third-party company (Sander Media, LLC, owned by former Belo executive Jack Sander) as a licensee to buy stations to be operated by the owner of a same-market competitor and concerns about any possible future consolidation of operations of Gannett- and Belo-owned properties in markets where both own television stations or collusion involving the Gannett and Sander stations in retransmission consent negotiations, anti-media-consolidation groups (such as Free Press) and pay television providers (such as Time Warner Cable and DirecTV) have called for the FCC to block the acquisition.[35][36]

On December 16, 2013, the United States Department of Justice announced that Gannett, Belo, and Sander would need to divest Belo's station in St. Louis, KMOV, to a government-approved third-party that would be barred from entering into any agreements with Gannett, in order to fully preserve competition in advertising sales with Gannett-owned KSDK.[37] The deal was approved by the FCC on December 20,[38] and it was completed on December 23.[39] On February 28, 2014, Meredith Corporation officially took over full control of KMOV.[40]

### Acquisition of London Broadcasting Company stations, 2014

On May 14, 2014, Gannett announced the acquisition of six stations from the Texas-based London Broadcasting Company in a $215 million deal, including KCEN-TV (NBC) in Waco-Temple-Bryan, KYTX (CBS) in Tyler-Longview, KIII (ABC) in Corpus Christi, KBMT (ABC/NBC) in Beaumont-Port Arthur, KXVA (FOX) in Abilene-Sweetwater and KIDY (FOX) in San Angelo. The company's COO Phil Hurley will also join Gannett to continue his leadership role at the six stations.[41] The acquisition was completed on July 8, 2014; in total, Gannett stations now serve 83% of households in the state.[42] Post acquisition, Gannett now outright owns and operates their first Fox affiliates, KIDY & KXVA.

### Split and further deals, 2014-2018

On August 5, 2014, Gannett announced that it plans to split into two independent publicly traded companies–one focused on newspapers and publishing, the other on broadcasting. Robert Dickey, head of old Gannett's newspaper division, became CEO of the newspaper company, leaving Gannett's remaining broadcasting and digital operations under the leadership of Martore. In a statement, she explained that the split plans were "significant next steps in our ongoing initiatives to increase shareholder value by building scale, increasing cash flow, sharpening management focus, and strengthening all of our businesses to compete effectively in today's increasingly digital landscape." Additionally, the company announced that it would buy out the remainder of Classified Ventures—a joint venture between Gannett and several other media companies, for $1.8 billion, giving it full ownership of properties such as Cars.com.[43][44] On April 21, 2015, Gannett announced that the publishing arm would continue to use the Gannett name, while the broadcasting and digital company would be named Tegna—an anagram of Gannett.[45] The split was completed on June 29, 2015. The split was structured so that the old Gannett changed its name to Tegna, and then spun off its publishing interests as a "new" Gannett Company. Tegna retained "old" Gannett's stock price history under a new ticker symbol, TGNA, while "new" Gannett inherited "old" Gannett's ticker symbol, GCI.

The two companies shared a headquarters complex in Tysons Corner for a time, though Tegna has since moved to a new 440,000-square-foot office tower nearby, occupying roughly 60,000 square feet.[46]

On October 7, 2015, Gannett struck a deal to buy the Journal Media Group for $280 million, giving it control of publications in over 100 markets in the Midwestern and Southern U.S. Similar to what Gannett had earlier done with its broadcasting assets, the Milwaukee-based Journal had separated its publishing and broadcasting arms in April 2015, with the E. W. Scripps Company acquiring the television and radio properties owned by the former's technical predecessor Journal Communications and spinning out their respective publishing operations into Journal Media Group.[47] In December 2015, Gannett announced that its local newspapers would be branded as the "USA Today Network", signifying a closer association with the national USA Today paper.[48]

In April 2016, Gannett made an unsolicited bid to acquire the Tribune Publishing Company for $12.25 per-share, or around $400 million. This deal was rejected by Tribune's shareholders in May 2016; in turn, Gannett increased its offer to around $15 per-share (around $800 million). Although the two companies held talks during the summer and into the fall of 2016, disappointing earning reports for Gannett for the second and third quarters of 2016 caused Gannett to pull out of talks on November 1.[49][50][51][52]

Gannett announced it would not be delaying print deadlines for the 2018 midterm elections in the United States, meaning that next-day newspapers would no longer contain the election's results, instead directing readers to the Internet.[53]

### Sale to GateHouse Media and relationship with Softbank, 2019

In January 2019, Digital First Media (DFM) made an unsolicited bid to acquire Gannett for $1.36 billion, but it was rejected for being undervalued.[54] In an attempt to pursue a hostile takeover, DFM built up a 7.5% stake of Gannett's public shares. Gannett subsequently accused the company of engaging in a proxy fight.[55][56] After a failed attempt to place three DFM nominees on Gannett's board of directors through a proxy vote on May 16, 2019, DFM sold shares lowering their ownership to 4.2%.[57]

On August 5, 2019, New Media Investment Group, parent of GateHouse Media, announced that it would acquire Gannett.[58] New Media Investment Group was managed by a private equity firm, Fortress Investment Group. Fortress was owned until May 2024,[59] by the Japanese conglomerate Softbank.[60] Apollo Global Management funded the acquisition with a $1.792 billion loan.[61] Although GateHouse was the nominal survivor, the combined company took the better-known Gannett name. Michael E. Reed, the CEO of GateHouse's parent company, was named CEO.[62][63] The merger was completed on November 19.[64] The new management team immediately announced it would target "inefficiencies", which could lead to cutbacks at newspapers and reduction in newspaper staff.[65]

In December 2019, CNBC listed Gannett along with 91 additional Fortune 500 companies that "paid an effective federal tax rate of 0% or less" in 2018 as a result of Donald Trump´s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.[66]

As of 2022, Gannett's board of directors, which does not include anyone with journalism background, paid CEO Mike Reed a salary $900,000 and long term stock incentives adding to a total of $7.7 million in 2021, the first full year after the merger. The total compensation was estimated with Gannett stock valued at the then current price. During Reed's tenure, Gannett stock has fallen 70%, reducing the value of future equity incentive plan awards.[67][68]

### Sued for enabling sexual abuse of paperboys in 1970s New York and Arizona, 2019

In 2019, Gannett was sued[69] under the New York State Child Victim's Act by a former paperboy who accused the company of enabling a former district manager to sexually abuse him in the 1980s. In late 2018 as Gannett was seeking partners for a merger, fending off a hostile takeover and its stock fell,[70] this former paperboy emailed investigative reporters and Gannett management asking them to investigate his claims. In response, Karen Magnuson, then Executive Editor for Gannett's Democrat and Chronicle, told reporters to put their investigative reporting of abuse claims on "pause",[71] and brought the email to the attention of Gannett's management to conduct their own investigation.

Gannett chief operating officer Michael G. Kane sent the original claimant a letter indicating no evidence had been found and they were "closing out" the matter. A few months later New York passed its Child Victim Act lifting statute of limitations on child sex abuse claims.[72] Four more lawsuits were filed in February 2020[73] Additionally, three more men filed suit against Gannett for child sex abuse in September 2020 and April 2021;[74]

In December 2020, Gannett and its Arizona Republic newspaper were sued by two former paperboys in the Phoenix, Arizona community for enabling its employees to sexually abuse them in the late 1970s.[75] As the New York state window to file under its Childs Victim Act closed in August 2021, another man sued Gannett in Rochester, New York, alleging child sex abuse by the same former district manager of paperboys. This latest case brings the total to eleven men who are suing Gannett for enabling sexual abuse of former paperboys, some as young as eleven at the time.

Nearly three years after the first lawsuit filing, in July 2022, Gannett defense attorneys notified the court of their intent to file a motion to have the former paperboys' Child Victims Act cases taken "out of the state court system and turn them over to the New York Workers' Compensation Board"[76] stating that the 11–14-year-old paperboys should have applied for workman's compensation at the time of their injuries in the 1980s or upon enactment of the CVA in 2019.[77] In December 2022, presiding Judge, Deborah A. Chimes acquiesced to Gannett's demands that NY Workers Compensation Board – despite the existence of the Child Victims Act as NY State law – determine if Plaintiffs have a valid cause of action for damages or whether they are limited to benefits under the Worker’s Compensation Law. This despite the fact that the Workers Compensation Board has no mechanism to consider this question of justice and legal rights, as the Board is tasked by the state of New York solely to: " administer workers’ compensation, disability benefits and Paid Family Leave."[78] On July 26, 2024, this demand of Gannett, received and accepted fully by Judge Deborah Chimes, was reversed,[79]by the Fourth Judicial Department of the Appellate Division of the New York State Supreme Court. The nine plaintiff cases remain pending action by Judge Chimes and her court.

### COVID-19, 2020

In March 2020, Gannett announced that due to COVID-19, it will be forced to make a series of cuts and furloughs. Executives would also take a 25% reduction in salary.[80]

### Reduction of editorial content, 2022–2024

In April 2022, a committee of Gannett editors made the formal recommendation that newspapers in the chain should significantly pare back the opinion material that newspapers traditionally publish on their editorial pages, including editorials, op-ed columns, syndicated columns and editorial cartoons. According to the company-wide memo, "Readers don't want us to tell them what to think. They don't believe we have the expertise to tell anyone what to think on most issues. They perceive us as having a biased agenda." The memo additionally claimed that editorial content is the least-read content in the papers while being the most likely reason someone gives for cancelling a subscription.[81]

In March 2024, the company announced that effective March 25, it would end its legacy Associated Press premium subscription, meaning it would no longer pay to publish AP dispatches, photos and video from the wire service in Gannett-owned publications.[82] According to a statement from the company, this decision, regarded by observers as a cost-cutting move, "will give us the opportunity to redeploy more dollars toward our teams and build capacity where we might have gaps."[83]

In that same memo, Gannett said it signed an agreement with Reuters to publish the newswire's global content. Gannett will continue to pay AP for its election-related polling and vote-counting, and pay to access the AP Stylebook. Gannet's contract with AP was set to expire at the end of 2024. It is unclear why the company ended the agreement early or how much it was paying AP.[84]

### Financial conditions and layoffs 2022

In the second quarter of 2022, Gannett's revenue was $749 million, sustaining a loss of $54 million. In reaction to the news, the company announced, "In the coming days, we will be making necessary but painful reductions to staffing, eliminating some open positions and roles that will impact valued colleagues." [85] At the end of August, the company announced that it was laying off 3% of its United States workforce, which was about 400 employees. At this announcement, Gannett also said they would not be filling 400 open positions.[86] At the time of the announcement, Gannett stock, which was already down about 45% on the year, fell an additional 28.5%.[85]

In October, the company announced the second round of financial austerity steps. These included the requirement that all employees take a week of unpaid leave in December, and a suspension of matching contributions to employee 401(k) accounts. Gannett also instituted a hiring freeze and was seeking volunteers for buyouts.[87]

Gannett announced around 200 more layoffs, or 6% of the news division, in November 2022.[88]

As part of the cuts, Gannett stopped printing six community papers, collectively known as the Observer and Eccentric chain, in southeast Michigan, including the print editions of the Livonia Observer and papers covering Westland, Farmington, Plymouth, Canton, and Birmingham.[89][90][91] Gannett indicated that the publications would provide online content.[91]

### List of acquisitions 1906-present

Template:Div-col

## List of assets

Gannett's media properties include the following newspapers among the top 100 by circulation in the United States:[92]

### USA Today Network

The USA Today Network is the largest local-to-national publishing organization in the country according to Gannett. USA Today, as the national paper, is its flagship brand. The network uses reporting from local publications in the national publication and vice versa.[93] In 2021, it included local papers published by Gannett in 46 states.[94] In 2023, the network hired dedicated reporters to cover Taylor Swift and Beyonce.[95]

Gannett acknowledged in 2021 that it provided advertisers with inaccurate information for nine months misrepresenting where billions of ads were placed.[96]

### Print media

Template:Div-col

### Digital investments

* Digg — sold to BuySellAds in April 2018[97]

## Directors and senior executives

Gannett has an eight-member board of directors[98] and 11 senior executives.

On October 6, 2011, Gannett's chairman, president and chief executive officer Craig A. Dubow resigned, citing health reasons. He was succeeded by Gracia Martore, Gannett's chief operating officer, a 26-year company veteran.[99]

From 2005 until 2008 Sue Clark-Johnson was president of Gannett's Newspaper Division.[100]

In May 2019, Barbara Wall was appointed as interim chief executive officer after Bob Dickey retired.[101]

Mike Reed became Gannett's Chief Executive Officer in June 2020. His immediate predecessor, Paul Bascobert, served in the role for about ten months, starting in August 2019.[61][102]

## Headquarters

In 2001, the company completed construction of its corporate headquarters at the Valo Park business park in Tysons, Virginia.[103] The 1.5 million-square-foot facility sat on a 30-acre site and included a mile-long jogging path, softball fields, tennis courts, a fitness center, athletic facilities and a helipad.[104]

In February 2024, Gannett moved out of its headquarters and planned to relocate to a 24,000-square-foot leased office space in New York City starting March 31.[103]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Fischer, Sara; Flynn, Kerry (March 7, 2023). "Gannett shed nearly half its workforce since GateHouse merger". https://www.axios.com/2023/03/07/gannett-changes-leadership-workers.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Gannett SEC Filing 10-K 2019". https://www.annualreports.com/HostedData/AnnualReports/PDF/NYSE_GCI_2019.pdf.
3. ↑ Liu, Nicholas (March 10, 2024). "USA Today Owner Gannett Moves HQ from VA to the Theater District". West Side Spirit. https://www.westsidespirit.com/news/usa-today-owner-gannett-moves-hq-from-va-to-the-theater-district-GA3211899.
4. ↑ "Gannett Company, Inc.". https://www.loc.gov/item/lcwaN0016970/.
5. ↑ Chen, Angela (March 12, 2015). "Gannett Split to Close By Mid-Year". The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/gannett-split-to-close-by-mid-year-1426169371.
6. ↑ Guynn, David Brinkerhoff and Jessica. "CEO of Gannett's operating company, Paul Bascobert, will leave company; Mike Reed assumes responsibilities" (in en-US). https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2020/06/18/gannett-ceo-gannett-co-s-operating-company-leave-company/3217196001/.
7. ↑ Tracy, Marc (November 19, 2019). "Gannett, Now Largest U.S. Newspaper Chain, Targets 'Inefficiencies'". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/19/business/media/gannett-gatehouse-merger.html.
8. ↑ "New Media and Gannett Complete Merger, Creating Leading U.S. Print and Digital News Organization" (Press release). Business Wire. November 19, 2019.
9. ↑ Lichtman, Allan J. (2008). White Protestant Nation: The Rise of the American Conservative Movement. Atlantic Monthly Press. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-87113-984-9. https://archive.org/details/whiteprotestantn00lich/page/87.
10. ↑ Ted Bartlett (August 1985). "National Register of Historic Places Registration: Gannett Building". New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. http://www.oprhp.state.ny.us/hpimaging/hp_view.asp?GroupView=4011.
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 "BREVARD HISTORY: Al Neuharth's Vision Leads Way In Creating Newspaper". Maverick Multimedia, Inc.. June 24, 2019. https://spacecoastdaily.com/2019/06/neuharths-vision-leads-way-in-creating-newspaper/.
12. ↑ "Allen H. Neuharth to address Class of 1995". University of Delaware. http://www.udel.edu/PR/UpDate/95/21/1.html.
13. ↑ Kleinfield, N. R. (May 9, 1978). "Combined Communications Agrees To a $370 Million Gannett Merger" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1978/05/09/archives/combined-communications-agrees-to-a-370-million-gannett-merger.html.
14. ↑ "Gannett, Combined Communications agree to $370-million merger". St. Petersburg Times. May 9, 1978. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=n98LAAAAIBAJ&pg=6669,99269&dq=gannett+combined+communications&hl=en.
15. ↑ "Gannett Corp. wins giant merger OK". Deseret News. June 8, 1979. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=44cqAAAAIBAJ&pg=6972,2186313&dq=gannett+combined+communications&hl=en.
16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `DUP`
17. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `TEN`
18. ↑ Neiva, Elizabeth M. Chain Building: The Consolidation of the American Newspaper Industry, 1955-80 , Business and Economic History, 24(1), (Fall 1995)
19. ↑ "Daily news series to be offered by Gannett/Telepictures". Broadcasting: pp. 49. August 23, 1982. https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/82-OCR/1982-08-23-BC-OCR-Page-0049.pdf.
20. ↑ "John Curley Announces Retirement; McCorkindale Succeeds as CEO". Tegna (Press release). May 2, 2000. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
21. ↑ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009. https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP.
22. ↑ "John Curley Announces Retirement; McCorkindale Succeeds as CEO" (in en-US). May 2, 2000. https://www.tegna.com/john-curley-announces-retirement-mccorkindale-succeeds-as-ceo/.
23. ↑ Martyn, Peter H. (2009). "The Mojo in the Third Millennium". Journalism Practice 3 (2): 196–215. doi:10.1080/17512780802681264. ISSN 1751-2794.
24. ↑ Rich, Carole (2013). Writing and Reporting News : a Coaching Method (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Wadsworth. p. 98. ISBN 978-1111344443. https://books.google.com/books?id=GqOaBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA98.
25. ↑ Bullard, Gabe (June 21, 2011). "Gannett Executive Bonuses Criticized Amid Layoffs" . Louisville, KY: WFPL.
26. ↑ Lieberman, David (March 4, 2011). "Gannett launches corporate branding campaign". USA Today.
27. ↑ Bercovici, Jeff (February 22, 2012). "Gannett Building Paywalls Around All Its Papers Except USA Today". Forbes.
28. ↑ Lovett, Genia (March 24, 2012). "Genia Lovett column: Post-Crescent journalists shouldn't have signed Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker recall petitions". The Post-Crescent (Appleton, WI). http://www.postcrescent.com/article/20120324/APC0101/203240566.
29. ↑ Yu, Roger (August 21, 2012). "Gannett buys social-media ad company Blinq Media". USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/money/media/story/2012-08-21/gannett-acquires-blinq-media/57191320/1.
30. ↑ Loose, Ashley (October 5, 2012). "DISH customers may lose Gannett programming, including 12 News KPNX, over AutoHop feature". KNXV-TV. http://www.abc15.com/dpp/news/region_phoenix_metro/central_phoenix/dish-customers-may-lose-gannett-programming-including-12-news-kpnx-over-autohop-feature.
31. ↑ Vuong, Andy (October 6, 2012). "Gannett threatening to black out stations in its dispute with Dish". Denver Post. http://www.denverpost.com/business/ci_21710959/gannett-threatening-black-out-stations-its-dispute-dish.
32. ↑ Warner, Melodie (October 8, 2012). "Dish, Gannett Reach New Deal". The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390444897304578044401930225948.
33. ↑ "Gannett to buy Belo for $1.5 billion". June 13, 2013. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-belo-gannett-idUSBRE95C0G320130613.
34. ↑ Littleton, Cynthia (June 13, 2013). "Gannett in $2.2 Bil Deal to Acquire Belo Station Group; Deal will expand Gannett's clout as owner of Big 3 affiliates". Variety. https://variety.com/2013/tv/news/gannett-in-2-2-bil-deal-to-buy-belo-station-group-1200496474/.
35. ↑ Eggerton, John (March 16, 2018). "Free Press, Others Ask FCC To Deny Some Gannett/Belo Transfers". Broadcasting & Cable. https://www.broadcastingcable.com/news/free-press-others-ask-fcc-deny-some-gannettbelo-transfers-61657.
36. ↑ Bachman, Katy (July 25, 2013). "Public Interest Groups, Cable Companies Oppose Gannett-Belo Merger". AdWeek. https://www.adweek.com/tv-video/public-interest-groups-cable-companies-oppose-gannett-belo-merger-151425/.
37. ↑ Eggerton, John (December 16, 2013). "Justice: Sander Can't Keep KMOV". Broadcasting & Cable. http://www.broadcastingcable.com/news/washington/justice-sander-cant-keep-kmov/127991.
38. ↑ "FCC OKs Gannett-Belo And Tribune-Local". TVNewsCheck. December 20, 2013. http://www.tvnewscheck.com/article/72866/fcc-oks-gannettbelo-and-tribunelocal.
39. ↑ Gannett Completes Its Acquisition of Belo, TVNewsCheck, Retrieved December 23, 2013
40. ↑ Brown, Lisa (February 28, 2014). "Meredith Corp. closes on $177 million purchase of KMOV". https://www.stltoday.com/article_a03f725d-4d48-5dc8-8374-0d6287fdcc1b.html.
41. ↑ "Gannett Buys 6 London Broadcasting Stations". TVNewsCheck. May 14, 2014. http://www.tvnewscheck.com/article/76329/gannett-buys-6-london-broadcasting-stations.
42. ↑ "Gannett Completes London Broadcasting Buy". TVNewsCheck. http://www.tvnewscheck.com/article/77580/gannett-completes-london-broadcasting-bu.
43. ↑ Haughney, Christine; de la Merced, Michael J. (August 5, 2014). "Media Giant Gannett to Spin Off USA Today and Print Business". https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2014/08/05/gannett-to-spin-off-its-print-business/.
44. ↑ "Gannett Reorganizing, Buying Cars.com". TVNewsCheck. August 5, 2014. http://www.netnewscheck.com/article/35277/gannett-reorganizing-buying-carscom.
45. ↑ Yu, Roger (April 21, 2015). "Gannett to change name to TEGNA amid print unit spinoff". USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2015/04/21/gannett-changes-name-to-tegna/26127343/.
46. ↑ Neibauer, Michael (June 17, 2016). "Tegna lands new home in Tysons". https://www.bizjournals.com/washington/breaking_ground/2016/06/tegna-lands-new-home-in-tysons.html.
47. ↑ Roger Yu (October 7, 2015). "Gannett to buy Journal Media Group for $280 million". USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2015/10/07/gannett-buy-journal-media-group-280-million/73548926/.
48. ↑ "Gannett introduces USA Today Network, uniting local, national properties". USA Today (Gannett Company). https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2015/12/03/gannett-introduces-usa-today-network-uniting-local-national-properties/76716562/.
49. ↑ "Gannett and Tribune Publishing execs trade barbs as takeover battle heats up". May 20, 2016. http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-gannett-tpub-20160520-snap-story.html.
50. ↑ "Tribune Publishing shares surge after Gannett launches takeover bid". April 25, 2016. http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-gannett-offer-tribune-publishing-20160425-story.html.
51. ↑ Doctor, Ken. "Tribune chair: Sell to Gannett? We'll buy Gannett!". http://www.capitalnewyork.com/article/media/2016/05/8599610/tribune-chair-sell-gannett-well-buy-gannett.
52. ↑ Channick, Robert (November 2016). "Gannett pulls offer for Tronc, publisher of Chicago Tribune". http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-gannett-pulls-tronc-offer-1102-biz-20161101-story.html.
53. ↑ Doctor, Ken (November 1, 2018). "Newsonomics: "Digital defeats print" is the headline as Gannett steps away from printed election results". Nieman Foundation for Journalism. http://www.niemanlab.org/2018/11/newsonomics-digital-defeats-print-is-the-headline-as-gannett-steps-away-from-printed-election-results/.
54. ↑ Arbel, Tali (February 4, 2019). "Gannett rejects $1.36 billion buyout offer from Digital First Media" (in en-US). https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-gannett-turns-down-digital-first-20190204-story.html.
55. ↑ Hayes, Dade (February 11, 2019). "Gannett Rebuffs Board Maneuver By Digital First Media In Proxy Fight, Blasts Takeover Proposal As "Deficient"" (in en). https://deadline.com/2019/02/gannett-rebuffs-board-maneuver-by-digital-first-media-in-proxy-fight-1202554442/.
56. ↑ Edwards, Christian. "Digital First Media is reportedly planning to make an offer to buy USA Today publisher Gannett". https://www.businessinsider.com/digital-first-media-is-planning-a-play-to-buy-gannett-wsj-2019-1.
57. ↑ Tyko, Kelly (May 22, 2019). "Hedge fund-owned MNG reduces stake in Gannett to 4.2%". USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2019/05/22/mng-enterprises-reduces-stake-gannett/1197951001/.
58. ↑ Lombardo, Cara; Trachtenberg, Jeffrey A. (August 5, 2019). "GateHouse Media Parent to Buy Gannett for $1.4 Billion". The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/gatehouse-media-parent-to-buy-gannett-for-1-4-billion-11565031875.
59. ↑ "Fortress Management and Mubadala Complete Acquisition of Fortress Investment Group | Fortress" (in en). https://www.fortress.com/media/2024-05-15-fortress-management-and-mubadala-complete-acquisition-of-fortress-investment-group.
60. ↑ "Newsonomics: Softbank, Fortress, Trump – and the real story of Gatehouse's boundless ambition". https://www.niemanlab.org/2017/02/newsonomics-softbank-fortress-trump-and-the-real-story-of-gatehouses-boundless-ambition/.
61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 Bomey, Nathan (August 5, 2019). "GateHouse Media owner to acquire USA Today owner Gannett". USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2019/08/05/gannett-gatehouse-media-new-media-investment-group/1902550001/.
62. ↑ Darcy, Oliver (August 5, 2019). "USA Today owner Gannett merges with GateHouse Media to form massive newspaper company". https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/05/media/gannett-gatehouse-merger/.
63. ↑ "New Media Investment Group to Acquire Gannett" (in en). August 5, 2019. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190805005547/en/New-Media-Investment-Group-Acquire-Gannett.
64. ↑ Bomey, Nathan (19 November 2019). "CEOs of new Gannett: 'Pivot' needed for digital transformation as merger is completed". USA TODAY. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2019/11/19/gannett-new-media-investment-group-merger-gatehouse-media/4203820002/.
65. ↑ Tracy, Marc (November 19, 2019). "Gannett, Now Largest U.S. Newspaper Chain, Targets 'Inefficiencies'" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/19/business/media/gannett-gatehouse-merger.html.
66. ↑ Pound, Jesse (December 16, 2019). "These 91 companies paid no federal taxes in 2018". CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/16/these-91-fortune-500-companies-didnt-pay-federal-taxes-in-2018.html.
67. ↑ Gannett Proxy Statement, April 27, 2022
68. ↑ Brian McGrory, "Gannett's CEO is getting rich by gutting a newspaper near you", Opinion, Boston Globe, March 23, 2023
69. ↑ "Richard Bates Complaint v. Democrat and Chronicle and Gannett | Complaint | Summons". https://www.scribd.com/document/430598295/D-C-sexual-assault-lawsuit-October-16-2019.
70. ↑ Bloomberg (January 14, 2019). "Hedge fund known for 'milking' newspapers for cash takes aim at Gannett" (in en-US). https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-digital-first-gannett-20190114-story.html.
71. ↑ Manzhos, Mariya (December 20, 2021). "Former paperboys await justice after suing Gannett for allowing sexual abuse four decades ago". https://www.poynter.org/business-work/2021/former-paperboys-await-justice-after-suing-gannett-for-allowing-sexual-abuse-four-decades-ago/.
72. ↑ "Former paperboys await justice after suing Gannett for allowing sexual abuse four decades ago" (in en-US). December 7, 2021. https://www.poynter.org/?p=977924.
73. ↑ Andreatta, David. "More Gannett paperboys allege sexual abuse". https://www.rochestercitynewspaper.com/rochester/more-gannett-paperboys-allege-sexual-abuse/Content?oid=11095490.
74. ↑ "Two more former paperboys come forward to allege sexual abuse by supervisor: Lawsuit". https://abcnews.go.com/US/paperboys-forward-allege-sexual-abuse-supervisor-lawsuit/story?id=73226121.
75. ↑ Baxter, Erasmus (December 15, 2020). "Former Paperboy Sues Arizona Republic Over Child Sex Abuse Ring". https://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/news/former-paperboy-sues-arizona-republic-over-child-sex-abuse-ring-11519531.
76. ↑ Astor, Will (September 8, 2022). "Gannett's legal gambit". https://rochesterbeacon.com/2022/09/08/gannetts-legal-gambit/.
77. ↑ Dean, Andrew (July 28, 2022). "Letter to Judge Deborah A. Chimes". https://iapps.courts.state.ny.us/nyscef/ViewDocument?docIndex=oKUHyrvdVbsaTWAtEJPBDA==.
78. ↑ "Information About the New York State Workers' Compensation Board". https://www.wcb.ny.gov/content/main/TheBoard/InfoAbout.jsp.
79. ↑ "Suit-alleging-child-sex-abuse-wrongly-sent-to-workers-comp". https://www.businessinsurance.com/article/20240729/NEWS08/912365864/Suit-alleging-child-sex-abuse-wrongly-sent-to-workers-comp-board.
80. ↑ Edmonds, Rick (March 30, 2020). "Gannett, responding to the coronavirus-related downturn, announces a series of cuts". https://www.poynter.org/business-work/2020/gannett-responding-to-the-coronavirus-related-downturn-announces-a-series-of-cuts/.
81. ↑ Kornfield, Meryl (June 9, 2022). "The biggest U.S. newspaper chain wants less opinion in its pages". Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/media/2022/06/09/gannett-opinion-pages/.
82. ↑ Korach, Natalie (2024-03-19). "Gannett to Halt Use of AP Content in its Publications" (in en-US). https://www.thewrap.com/gannett-drops-ap-associated-press-usa-today/.
83. ↑ Korach, Natalie (March 19, 2024). "USA Today Publisher Gannett to Drop Associated Press Content Across All Publications". Yahoo News. https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/usa-today-publisher-gannett-drop-172126799.html.
84. ↑ Bauder, David (2024-03-19). "Gannett news chain says it will stop using AP content for first time in a century" (in en). https://apnews.com/article/gannett-associated-press-contract-97405e4715c9a25d21477b992028db2a.
85. ↑ 85.0 85.1 Edmonds, Rick (2022-08-04). "Gannett reports disastrous financial results; layoffs are coming" (in en-US). https://www.poynter.org/reporting-editing/2022/gannett-reports-disastrous-financial-results-layoffs-are-coming/.
86. ↑ Fu, Angela (August 31, 2022). "After weeks of silence, Gannett revealed that it laid off 400 employees and cut 400 open positions". Poynter. https://www.poynter.org/business-work/2022/gannett-august-2022-layoffs-400-employees/.
87. ↑ Fu, Angela (October 12, 2022). "Gannett announces new cuts including mandatory unpaid leave and buyouts". Poynter. https://www.poynter.org/business-work/2022/gannett-announces-new-cuts-including-mandatory-unpaid-leave-and-buyouts/.
88. ↑ Edmonds, Rick (2022-11-17). "Gannett tells its news division that more layoffs are coming Dec. 1" (in en-US). https://www.poynter.org/business-work/2022/gannett-tells-its-news-division-that-more-layoffs-are-coming-dec-1/.
89. ↑ Gustafson, Anna (December 17, 2022). "'Everyone's just a dollar sign to them': Gannett". Michigan Advance. https://michiganadvance.com/2022/12/17/everyones-just-a-dollar-sign-to-them-gannett-journalists-reel-from-new-cutbacks/.
90. ↑ "Livonia Observer". Mondo Times. https://www.mondotimes.com/1/world/us/22/1246/3126.
91. ↑ 91.0 91.1 "Muffled Sound of Death Knell for a Once Real Newspaper". Plymouth Voice. December 18, 2022. https://plymouthvoice.com/muffled-sound-of-death-knell-for-a-once-real-newspaper/. "Gannett, a Virginia based publisher — the largest newspaper chain in the U.S., announced they will cease printing six local publications — part of the Observer and Eccentric community papers. The final print editions of the bi-weekly Plymouth, Canton, Birmingham, Farmington, Westland, and Livonia Observer were published on Sunday, Dec. 4."
92. ↑ "Top 100 Newspapers in the United States". Sandbox Networks, Inc.. https://www.infoplease.com/arts-entertainment/newspapers-and-magazines/top-100-newspapers-united-states.
93. ↑ "Brands" (in en-US). https://www.gannett.com/brands/.
94. ↑ Tracy, Marc (2021-07-07). "USA Today will make readers pay for its website, joining other top news outlets." (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/07/business/usa-today-paywall.html.
95. ↑ Medina, Eduardo (2023-09-13). "Taylor Swift and Beyoncé Get Their Own Press Corps" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/13/business/media/taylor-swift-reporter-gannett.html.
96. ↑ Haggin, Patience (2022-03-09). "WSJ News Exclusive | USA Today Owner Gannett Co. Gave Advertisers Inaccurate Information for Nine Months" (in en-US). Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/usa-today-owner-gannett-co-gave-advertisers-inaccurate-information-for-nine-months-11646784745.
97. ↑ "The beloved Digg, once the chief rival to Reddit, was just sold to an advertising tech company". April 25, 2018. https://www.businessinsider.com/digg-sells-to-buysellads-an-ad-tech-company-2018-4.
98. ↑ Bomey, Nathan (May 16, 2019). "Gannett board members reelected as shareholders reject MNG nominees". USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2019/05/16/gannett-mng-enterprises-digital-first-media-proxy-results/3682770002/.
99. ↑ Krantz, Matt (October 7, 2011). "Gannett CEO Dubow resigns; Martore named successor". USA Today.
100. ↑ Johnson, Andrew; Wiles, Russ (2008-01-11). "Gannett exec Sue Clark-Johnson will retire in May, return to Valley". Arizona Republic: pp. 31. https://www.newspapers.com/article/arizona-republic-gannett-exec-sue-clark/133922417/.
101. ↑ Neibauer, Michael (May 7, 2019). "Gannett CEO exits as company battles hostile takeover bid". Washington Business Journal. https://www.bizjournals.com/washington/news/2019/05/07/gannett-ceo-exits-as-company-battles-hostile.html.
102. ↑ Brinkerhoff, David (June 20, 2020). "CEO of Gannett's operating company, Paul Bascobert, will leave company; Mike Reed assumes responsibilities". USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2020/06/18/gannett-ceo-gannett-co-s-operating-company-leave-company/3217196001/.
103. ↑ 103.0 103.1 Woolsey, Angela (2024-03-04). "USA Today publisher Gannett moves out of longtime Tysons HQ" (in en). https://www.ffxnow.com/2024/03/04/usa-today-publisher-gannett-moves-out-of-longtime-tysons-hq/.
104. ↑ "Gannett/USA TODAY Headquarters" (in en). https://www.clarkconstruction.com/our-work/projects/gannettusa-today-headquarters.

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